Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

IM3 > exam 4 CAD > Flashcards

exam 4 CAD Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

the filling and stretching of the ventricles myocardium right before contraction

A

preload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the amount of resistance to the ejection of blood from the ventricle

A

afterload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CAD is caused by accumulation of lipid or fatty substances in vessel walls

A

atherosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are risk factors for CAD that you cannot change

A

age
gender
family history
ethnicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are risk factors about CAD that you can CHANGE

A
  • high cholesterol
  • smoking
  • hypertension
  • hyperglycemia
  • obesity
  • physical inactivity
  • stress
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

this is the number 1 killer in women

A

CAD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when tissues are not getting enough oxygen

A

ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

myocardial ischemia can be caused by what? 3 things

A
  • atherosclerosis
  • thrombus formation
  • vasoconstriction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease include which of the following?
Select all that Apply.

A. High cholesterol
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Ethnicity
D. Physical inactivity
E. Smoking

A

AEBD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chest pain is caused by

A

myocardial ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are some things that can cause angina

A

physical exerction
exposure to cold
eating a heavy meal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

this angina is predictable on exertion

A

stable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

this angina is unpredictable caused by vasospasm

A

Prinzmetal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

this angina has EKG changes but no reported symptoms

A

silent ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

this angina occurs at rest and increases severity

A

unstable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

people who have angina will carry

A

nitroglycerin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

angina is treated with medication that relaxes the muscle wall

A

CCB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a patient who has diabetes or is older may not feel what occuring?

A

chest pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

women who have angina may experience?

A

tiredness and weakness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

elderly with chest pain will have

A

dyspnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ST depression

A

ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

St elevation is

A

infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is another term for unstable angina

A

acute coronary syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

when we are looking at the cholesterol panel what kind of results do we want?

A

high HDL, low LDL, low triglycerides, low cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what are some drugs we might give to a patient who has high cholesterol?
atorvastatin, Niacin, and vibrates (gemfibrozil)
26
a patient is taking atorvastatin and starts to experience leg cramps. what would you advise them to do?
stop taking the medication
27
what labs do we need to watch for with lipid lowering drugs
liver enzyme because these drugs are excreted in the liver
28
fix this slide increase --
HDL
29
Which of the following laboratory values needs to be closely monitored in a patient taking atorvastatin? Liver function tests Renal panel White blood cell count Troponin
A
30
how can we treat a patient with angina?
decrease BP, HR, assist contractility, decrease left ventricular volume
31
you patient starts complaining of chest pain what is your main priority
oxygen
32
what are the nursing interventions for chest pain?
- oxygen - pain assessment (ask when pain started) - VS - monitor resp status - 12 lead EKG - nitroglycerin
33
what medication do we need to educate a client on nitro to not mix
erectile dysfunction meds
34
Side effects  flushing – vasodilatoing  HA- blood rushing  ↓ BP  tachycardia what does these go to?
nitrites
35
beta blockers reduce
HR, BP, and contractility
36
Monitor heart rate (bradycardia) Check blood pressure Monitor for bronchospasm Monitor glucose levels (hypoglycemia) Never stop abruptly what medication goes with these?
beta blockers
37
A patient with a new prescription for metoprolol is told it should never be stopped abruptly.  Why? Stopping a beta blocker abruptly can cause hypoglycemia. Stopping a beta blocker abruptly can cause rebound hypertension. Stopping an ace inhibitor abruptly can cause an irritating cough. Stopping a calcium channel blocker abruptly can cause rapid decrease in heart rate.
B
38
Nitroglycerin primarily dilates veins but at higher doses dilates arteries as well? true or false
true
39
do not take this medication with grapefruit juice
beta blocker
40
this medication is good for coronary vasospasm
beta blocker
41
beta blocker is give to give with this kind of chest pain
prinzmetal
42
patients with angina need to carry what at all times
nitro
43
Prinzmetal angina is predictable pain that is relieved by rest.  True False
false- unpredictable
44
Myocardial cells begin to necrose as the blood flow is interrupted.
myocardial infarction
45
Myocardial tissue abruptly deprived of oxygen
myocardial infarction
46
Signs and symptoms: Pain- jaw, back, mid back/shoulder pain, heartburn (epigastric) SOB Nausea Sweating Pale coolskin Anxiety
myocardial infarction
47
how much urine output do we want a patient to have?
30ml/hr
48
a patient will have a decrease urinary output in what condition?
myocardial infarction
49
a patient needs to be on what with myocardial infarction
best rest and stool softeners
50
what are the medications we give to a patient with a MI?
MONA  Morphine-  ↓preload = ↓workload on heart Oxygen  Nitrates -  vasodilation Aspirin – antiplatelet
51
what are the goals for cardiac rehab?
Goals​ Extend & improve quality of life​ Limit progression of atherosclerosis​ Return client to work and pre-illness lifestyle​ Enhance psychosocial & vocational status​ Prevent another cardiac event​
52
Which of the following is not included in the characteristic assessment of chest pain? A. When did the pain begin? B. Where is the pain? C. What type of pain is it? Stabbing, crushing, etc D. How quick is intervention taken (i.e. nitro given, O₂  applied?)
D
53
what are the surgical interventions for CAD
Cardiac Catheterization & Coronary Angiography (CCCA)​ Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (PCI)​ Coronary Artery Bypass (CABG/ACBP)​
54
a patient is going to have a cardiac Catheterization & Coronary Angiography (CCCA) what do we need to teach for post op
8-12 hours and prepare client for expectations of procedure
55
what allergy do we need to ask for before a surgical procedure?
shellfish
56
Catheterization & Coronary Angiography (CCCA) looks for
blockages
57
post op procedure nursing interventions?
-VS every 15 mins for 1 hour - check surgical site every time in the room - assess for hematomas - bed rest for 2/6 hours
58
The patient returns to the unit shortly after cardiac catheterization.  What important teaching should occur during this time of the recovery?  Select all that apply.   Drink a lot of fluids Call the nurse if feel a pop or dampness at the catheter         insertion site Notify the nurse if chest pain occurs. Keep affected extremity straight Ambulate to the restroom if needed
all but C
59
Surgery in which a blood vessel from another part of the body is grafted to the occluded coronary artery so that blood can flow beyond the occlusion.”
coronary artery bypass
60
Which urinary output demonstrates to the nurse renal perfusion is being maintained following cardiac surgery? 10 ml/hr 15 ml/hr 20 ml/hr 30 ml/hr
30ml/hr
61
keep
going :)

IM3 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions