exam 4 HF Flashcards
(24 cards)
Most often caused by CAD, HTN, or valve disorders
Heart failure
Pulmonary congestion- dyspnea, cough, crackles, ↓ O2 saturation, S3 heart sound
left sided heart failure
Dyspnea on exertion (DOE)
Orthopnea
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
Oliguria
Confusion, anxiety, restlessness
are for what?
left sided HF
if a patient has pink frothy sputum what might they have?
left sided HF
a patient with left sided HF might become
confused, altered LOC, because they are not getting enough oxygen
Recognition of early stages:
Dry, hacking cough
Fatigue
Weight gain
Worsening edema
Degree of dyspnea
in what?
pulmonary edema
patients with left sided HF - intervetions
- daily weights
- check skin - esp feet/ankles
- watch level of SOB
a patient with right sided HF will have
- JVD
- dependent edema
- enlarged liver and spleen
- ascites
- weakness, anorexia, weight gain
what labs do we need to watch in patients with HF
- BNP, electrolytes, BUN, creatinine
what diagnostic test can we use for HF patients?
- CXR
- EKG
- echocardiogram
echocardiogram measures what?
ejection infarction
what is really important to monitor in HF patients
intake and output
what medications can we give to HF patients
- beta blockers
- alpha/beta blockers
- diuretics
- anticoagulants
A patient with heart failure is beginning therapy with captopril, an ACE inhibitor. What nursing intervention is indicated prior to giving the first dose?
A. Provide the medication 1 hour before meals
B. Offer the medication with food
C. Review recent lab values for hypokalemia
D. Instruct the patient to call for assistance when getting out of bed
D. can cause dizziness so call before getting out of bed
cardiac glycoside used for systolic heart failure, a-fib & flutter
digoxin
what is the antidote for digoxin toxicity
digibind
Fatigue
Depression
Malaise
N/V, anorexia
Changes in heart rhythm – PVCs
digoxin toxicity
check apical pulse and hold this med if its less then 60
digoxin
what foods do patients with HF need to avoid
processed foods / canned foods
A heart failure client is being discharged home. How should the nurse instruct the client to assess fluid balance?
Monitor daily weight
Monitor blood pressure
Assess radial pulses
Monitor bowel movements
A
A patient is experiencing fluid volume excess with dependent edema. The health care provider places the patient on a 1,500ml/day fluid restriction. Which nursing intervention is most important?
Provide frequent oral care
Assess amount of edema each shift
Weigh patient every Monday
D. Keep the legs lower than the heart
B
Which of the following are symptoms of left heart failure? Select all that apply
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
Peripheral edema
Jugular venous distention (JVD)
Crackles in the lungs
Shortness of breath upon exertion
A,B,D,E
Which of the following are symptoms of right heart failure? Select all that apply.
Jugular venous distention (JVD)
Hepatomegaly
Wheezing
Ascites
Shortness of breath on exertion
ABD
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