Exam 4: Experiments Flashcards
(44 cards)
What is another word for traits?
Phenotypes
What were the two types of streptococcus pneumoniae used in Griffith’s experiment?
Rough strain and smooth strain
What is the rough strain (Griffith’s experiment)?
The bacteria has no capsule
What is the smooth strain (Griffith’s experiment)?
The bacteria has a capsule
Did the living R cells kill the mouse?
No
Did the living S cells kill the mouse?
Yes
Did the heat-killed S cells kill the mouse?
No
Did the mixture of heat-killed S cells and living R cells kill the mouse?
Yes
What was the conclusion from Griffith’s experiment?
There is some form of transferrable genetic material present within the cells
What did Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty try to do that Griffith wasn’t able to do?
Find out what the transferrable genetic material was
What did the first mixture in the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty contain?
Heat-killed S cells
What two things were removed from the first mixture in the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment?
Lipids and carbohydrates
Which three digestive enzymes were added to the initial mixture in the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment?
DNase, RNase, Protease
What does DNase destroy?
DNA
What does RNase destroy?
RNA
What does protease destroy?
Proteins
After the digestive enzymes were added, what was added in the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment?
Living R cells
Which mixture did not develop transformed S cells in the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment?
The mixture with DNase
Why did the mixture with DNase not develop transformed S cells in the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment?
The DNase got rid of all DNA
What was the conclusion of the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment?
DNA was the genetic component that transferred between cells
Did the scientific community accept in the results of the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment?
No, they were reluctant
Which experiment confirmed the results of the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment?
Hershey and Chase’s experiment
What was the test subject in the Hershey-Chase experiment?
Bacteriophage
Which two components of the bacteriophage were labeled in the Hershey-Chase experiment?
Protein and DNA