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Med Surg > Exam 4 Meds > Flashcards

Exam 4 Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Side effects of Mg antacids

A

Diarrhea
Renal failure
Mg+ toxicity
(No constipation)

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2
Q

Side effects of Al antacids

A

Constipation
Low phosphorous

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3
Q

Side effects of CaCO3 antacids

A

Constipation

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4
Q

Side effects of NaHCO3 antacids

A

Fluid retention
Alkalosis
Constipation

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5
Q

Use of Famotidine (Pepcid)

A

PUD
GERD
H Pylori ulcers

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6
Q

Function of Famotidine (Pepcid)

A

H2 antagonist
Blocks histamine receptor in parietal cells, which decreases gastric acid secretion

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7
Q

Side effects of Famotidine (Pepcid)

A

Confusion, dizziness (elderly), diarrhea

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8
Q

Nursing considerations for Famotidine (Pepcid) and pt teaching

A

Monitor for bleeding
Avoid smoking, aspirin, NSAIDs, alcohol

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9
Q

Function of pantoprazole (Protonix)

A

PPI
Irreversible inhibition of enzyme producing gastric acid
Suppresses gastric acid production

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10
Q

Side effects of pantoprazole (Protonix)

A

HA
Dizziness
Diarrhea
Decreased Ca+ absorption = bone fracture if long term tx
Thrombophlebitis at IV site

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11
Q

Pt teaching for pantoprazole (Protonix)

A

Avoid smoking, aspirin, NSAIDs, alcohol

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12
Q

use of pantoprazole (Protonix)

A

PUD
GERD

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13
Q

Uses for Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A

GERD
Diabetic gastroparesis
Post-op motility

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14
Q

Function of Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A

Promote gastric emptying
Reduce risk of gastric acid reflux
Increased GI motility
Increases esophageal sphincter tone

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15
Q

Side effects of Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A

Tardive dyskinesia
Sedation
Diarrhea
Hypoglycemia
Contraindicated in GI obstruction or perforation

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16
Q

Use of misoprostol (Cytotec)

A

Prevent PUD in long term NSAID administration (ex: RA)
Acts as prostaglandin in GI tract to increase protective mucosal barrier of gastric lining

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17
Q

Side effect and nursing consideration for misoprostol (Cytotec)

A

Diarrhea (avoid mg containing antacids)
Take with meals and at hour of sleep

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18
Q

Use for Sucralfate (Carafate)

A

Duodenal ulcers

19
Q

Function of sucralfate (Carafate)

A

Forms viscous sticky gel that adheres to ulcer crater, creating a protein barrier
Lasts up to 6 hrs

20
Q

Nursing considerations for Sucralfate (Carafate)

A

Can cause constipation
Decreases absorption of digoxin, warfarin, phenytoin
Increase fluids and fiber
Give 1 hr before or 2 hrs after meals

21
Q

Abortive medications for migraines

A

Aspirin, tylenol, NSAIDs
Triptans: Sumatriptan (Imitrex)

22
Q

Function of Tripathi s

A

Vasoconstriction

23
Q

Meds to prevent migraines

A

NSAIDs
Beta blockers: Propanolol (Inderal)
Antiepileptic drugs: Topiramate (Topamax)
Antidepressants: Amitriptyline
Monoclonal antibodies: Erenumab
CCBs

24
Q

Treatment for cluster headaches

A

100% O2 for 12-15 min
Triptans

25
Q

Preventive meds for cluster headaches

A

CCBs: Verapamil
Corticosteroids: prednisone
Monoclonal antibodies

Vagus nerve stimulation

26
Q

Meds for MS

A

Immunomodulators:
Interferon Beta 1A: Avonex (IM weekly)
Interferon Beta 1B: Betaseron (SQ every other week)
Glatiramer (Copaxone)
Fingolimod (Gilenya)

27
Q

Drugs used for MS Flares

A

Steroids (decrease edema and inflammatory response):
Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol) (IV)

Muscle relaxants (to decrease muscle spasticity):
Baclofen (Lioresal)

28
Q

What is sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) used for?

A

Achieving and maintaining remission and preventing flare ups of IBD

29
Q

Nursing considerations for Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)

A

Cannot be allergic to aspirin or sulfa drugs
Need daily folic acid suppliments

30
Q

What is Mesalamine (Pentasal)?

A

Used for IBD, does not contain sulfa
Most effective for UC but used to treat both
Administered orally and rectally

31
Q

What is the corticosteroid Methylprednisolone (SoluMedrol) used for?

A

In the hospital for IBD during acute flare ups and to achieve remission
Decrease inflammation

32
Q

Routes and side effects of Methylprednisolone

A

Administered orally, rectally, or IV
Decreases Ca+, K+ and many more
Used only short term due to SE

33
Q

Major side effect of monoclonal antibodies (mab) drugs

A

Can cause flu like symptoms and infusion reactions

34
Q

Ages for colorectal screenings

A

Screenings from age 45-75
Colonoscopy: every 10 years
Flexible sigmoidoscopy: every 5 years
Double contrast barium enema: every 5 years
CT colonography: every 5 years

(Need more frequent if first degree relative with CRC before age 60, or two first degree relatives with CRC)

35
Q

Medications for intestinal obstruction

A

Broad spectrum antibiotics

36
Q

Medications for hemorrhoids

A

Bulk laxatives
Topical anesthetics
(Avoid stimulant laxatives (Dulcolax)

37
Q

What is Creon, pancrease used for?

A

Enzymes given for chronic pancreatitis that contains amylase, lipase, and trypsin

38
Q

Nursing considerations for Creon, Pancrease

A

*Must give with food, cannot give if pt cannot eat
Monitor glucose levels
No alcohol

39
Q

Meds for acute gout

A

Colchicine
NDAIDs (no aspirin)
Corticosteroids

40
Q

Meds for chronic gout

A

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
Probenecid (Benemid)

41
Q

Nursing considerations for colchicine

A

Take until inflammation subsides
Can cause severe diarrhea
Take at first sign of attack
Administer with food

42
Q

Meds for stage 3 of Lyme disease

A

Antibiotics:
Oral doxycycline or amoxicillin (early)
Rocephin and penicillin G IV (late)

43
Q

What is antimalarial (Plaquenil) used for

A

SLE (Lupus)

44
Q

Medications used to manage SLE (Lupus)

A

NSAIDs
Corticosteroids
Antimalarial (Plaquenil)
Immunosuppressants (methotrexate)

Med Surg (12 decks)

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