Exam 4: MNT for CVD heart failure Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is heart failure
heart cant provide adequate blood flow to rest of he body
types of heart failure
right sided
left sided
both
systolic (pump) or diastolic (fill) failure
when the heart is not working as it’s supposed to the heart compensates for poor cardiac output by
- _____________ force of _____________
-______________ in size
-_____________ more often
-_____________ __________ to conserve ____ and H2O
- increasing force of contraction
- increasing in size (hypertrophy)
- pumping more often
- stimulating kidneys to conserve sodium and water
symptoms of heart failure
fatigue (lack blood flow)
shortness of breath
fluid retention (kidney conserving Na and H2O)
cardiac cachexia is
late stage heart failure because severe malnutrition
explain relationship of kidneys and heartfailure
kidney sense changes in blood flow. someone with heart failure, blood flow is not getting to the body, the kidney will think there is a drop in blood volume so it will stimulate aldosterone to cause water and sodium retention
RF for heart failure
diabetes
heart disease
atherosclerosis
obesity
alcohol-induced cardiomyopathy
hypertension
valve disease or problem
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
T/F medical treatment of heart failure: stage of HF determines the treatment
T
medical treatment of heart failure:
t/F exercise everyday
false
exercise as able
medical treatment of heart failure:
T/F fluid restriction : 1-2 L/d
t
medical treatment of heart failure:
medications:
1.
2.
3.
4.
diuretics
beta blocker
ace inhibitor
digoxin - antiarrhythmic
medical treatment of heart failure:
t/F may need implantable defribrillator or transplant
T
MNT for heart failure:
use dry weight or monitor for _______ _________ gains
fluid weight
medical treatment of heart failure:
energy
22-24 kcals /kg /d + ________ facotr
activity
medical treatment of heart failure:
energy
advanced heart failure
18 kcal/kg/d + activity factor
medical treatment of heart failure:
protein
1.1-1.4 g/kg/d
medical treatment of heart failure:
sodium restircition
2-3g/d
medical treatment of heart failure:
limit/avoid ___ and __________
alcohol and caffeine (dep on patient)
medical treatment of heart failure:
inc
Co Q10 (antiox, blood flow, vaso)
O3 (help with irregular heart rhythm, thin blood, vasodialation, stimulte NO production)
small frequent meals for HF, why?
higher risk for malnutrition as it progresses
to help with the symptoms of fatigue and short of breath
A post-cardiac transplant patient, will immediately require _______ and _________
calories and protein
Why will A post-cardiac transplant patient, immediately require protein and energy?
for healing and recovery
A post-cardiac transplant patient, how much protein do they require?
1.3-2 g/kg/d
A post-cardiac transplant patient, how much energy do they require?
30-35 kcal/kg/d