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Cognitive Neuroscience > Exam 4 SI slide quiz > Flashcards

Exam 4 SI slide quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Someone with damage to the medial temporal lobe (which includes the hippocampus) would experience which condition?
a. Loss of short-term memory
b. Loss of long-term memory
c. Loss of working memory
d. Skill learning

A

b. Loss of long-term memory

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2
Q

A person attends a concert. The next day she experiences a traumatic brain injury that causes her hippocampus to be damaged. She is now unable to remember who sang at the concert. What type of amnesia do you diagnose her with?
a. Retrograde amnesia
b. Anterograde amnesia

A

a. Retrograde amnesia

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3
Q

The conscious recollection of your childhood address would be classified as what type of memory?
a. Procedural memory
b. Implicit memory
c. Explicit memory

A

c. Explicit memory

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4
Q

Long-term potentiation (LTP) produces an increase in synaptic efficacy that can last from hours to weeks.
a. True
b. False

A

a. True

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5
Q

Patients with damage to this brain structure will display symptoms opposite to those shown by patients with hippocampal damage.
a. Entorhinal cortex
b. Amygdala
c. Medial temporal lobe
d. Basal ganglia

A

d. Basal ganglia

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6
Q

Which neurotransmitter is involved in the function of the basal ganglia during trial and error learning?
a. Norepinephrine
b. Dopamine
c. Epinephrine
d. GABA

A

b. Dopamine

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7
Q

Scenario A: It is learned that a tone predicts a food reward. This tone is played.
Scenario B: No learning has occurred. Food is randomly presented to the rat.
Questions: During which of the scenarios will dopaminergic neurons fire?

A

Scenario B

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8
Q

Which area of the brain is involved in associating stimuli with emotional responses?
a. Hippocampus
b. Basal ganglia
c. Amygdala
d. Prefrontal cortex

A

c. Amygdala

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9
Q

Knowing that Paris is the capital of France is a type of memory modulated by which brain region?
a. Parahippocampal place area
b. Anterior temporal region
c. Posterior temporal region
d. Frontal lobe

A

b. Anterior temporal region

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10
Q

Which part of the medial temporal lobe plays a role in encoding information about objects and their identities?
a. Retrosplenial cortex
b. Parahippocampal gyrus
c. Perirhinal cortex
d. Entorhinal cortex
e. Hippocampus

A

c. Perirhinal cortex

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11
Q

Is the anterior or posterior region of the hippocampus is involved in retrieval?

A

Posterior

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12
Q

This system projects to the cortex via the thalamus and relies on the acetylcholine neurotransmitter.
a. Dorsal subsystem of the ARAS
b. Ventral subsystem of the ARAS

A

a. Dorsal subsystem of the ARAS

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13
Q

This type of attention involves the ability to maintain alertness continuously over time and involves neurotransmitters acetylcholine and norepinephrine/noradrenaline.
a. Alertness and arousal
b. Vigilance
c. Selective attention
d. Divided attention

A

b. Vigilance

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14
Q

Salience maps are characterized by which of the following?
a. Based on top down information and created by the intraparietal sulcus
b. Based on bottom up information and created by the intraparietal sulcus
c. Based on both top down and bottom up information and created by the intraparietal sulcus

A

c. Based on both top down and bottom up information and created by the intraparietal sulcus

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15
Q

If a certain object catches your attention and you direct your attention towards this object, which two areas of your brain are immediately active?
a. Prefrontal cortex
b. Frontal eye field
c. Medial temporal lobe
d Supplementary eye field

A

b. Frontal eye field
d Supplementary eye field

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16
Q

This brain region provides motor programs for moving the attention focus around the world by exploring.
a. Reticular activating system
b. Cingulate cortex
c. Posterior parietal cortex
d. Frontal regions

A

d. Frontal regions

17
Q

What would happen if acetylcholine levels were increased and the superior colliculus, parietal areas, and frontal eye fields were overstimulated?
a. Increased alertness
b. Overreaction to sensory stimuli
c. Overstimulation of attentional control

A

b. Overreaction to sensory stimuli

18
Q

This attentional system would be active while you were completing a puzzle.
a. Dorsal attentional system associated with top-down selection
b. Dorsal attentional system associated with bottom-up selection
c. Ventral attentional system associated with top-down selection
d. Ventral attentional system associated with bottom-up selection

A

a. Dorsal attentional system associated with top-down selection

19
Q

This network is active when you are not directing your attention towards a task but rather to internal states including thoughts and ideas.
a. Dorsal attentional network
b. Medial temporal subsystem
c. Default network
d. Ventral attentional network

A

c. Default network

20
Q

Hemineglect is a condition in which individuals ignore or don’t pay attention to the side of space ___________ to their lesion.
a. Ipsilateral
b. Contralateral

A

b. Contralateral

21
Q

A person is unable to control their behavior and starts driving a car that is not theirs. They are experiencing effects of environmental dependency syndrome. This person most likely has had damage to which brain area?
a. Medial prefrontal cortex
b. Motor cortex
c. Frontal lobe
d. Parietal lobe

A

c. Frontal lobe

22
Q

Someone having difficulty with initiation of behavior may have damage to which brain area?
a. Medial prefrontal cortex
b. Medial frontal regions
c. Medial parietal regions
d. Medial temporal regions

A

b. Medial frontal regions

23
Q

Difficulty with task maintenance occurs after damage to which brain area?
a. Left frontal lobe
b. Right frontal lobe
c. Lateral prefrontal
d. Right lateral prefrontal

A

c. Lateral prefrontal

24
Q

Which brain area is involved in task switching ?
a. Left frontal lobe
b. Left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
c. Parietal lobe
d. Mix of a and c
e. Mix of a and b

A

d. Mix of a and c

25
Q

Damage to this brain area can cause deficits in processes that act on information being maintained in working memory.
a. Dorsolateral prefrontal
b. Ventrolateral prefrontal regions

A

a. Dorsolateral prefrontal

26
Q

This signal arises from rostral regions of the anterior cingulate, occurs approximately 100 ms after an error has been made and its value positively correlates with the size of the error.
a. Self-monitoring
b. Error-related negativity (ERN)
c. Error positivity (Pe)
d. Interoception

A

b. Error-related negativity (ERN)

27
Q

Interference resolution is associated with which concept?
a. Self-monitoring
b. Error-related negativity
c. Response inhibition
d. Abstract thinking

A

c. Response inhibition

Cognitive Neuroscience (6 decks)

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