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Psych 101 > Exam 5 - 9,10,11 > Flashcards

Exam 5 - 9,10,11 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Gratitude

A

State of appreciation for life others or things

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2
Q

Ongoing Writing Study

A

2 groups
1 writes grateful, another life details
Tracked emotions

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3
Q

Credit List

A

Actively listing one’s accomplishments during a day

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4
Q

Impact Bias

A

Overestimate negative impact
Underestimate ability to adjust

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5
Q

Active Comparison

A

Comparison present situation with “worst off” scenario

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6
Q

Martin Seligman

A

A founder and researcher of positive psychology

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7
Q

Positive Psychology

A

Focus on character strengths and relationships that promise flourishing meaning and positive change

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8
Q

Subjective Well Being

A

Evaluation of life quality
Relatively enduring
Measured with self repot

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9
Q

Hunger-Food Metaphor

A

All humans experience hunger, we eat differently
(Subjective well being)

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10
Q

Longitudinal Nun Study

A

Followed cohort of nuns over time
Measured swb in 20s
Higher swb = 10 year longer life on average

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11
Q

The Broad and Build Model

A

Positive emotions increase willingness to act (motivate)
Flexible thinking leads to varied learning (build skills)
Positive emotions increase activity and flexibility of thinking

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12
Q

Clinical Psychologist

A

Provide mental health services such as assessment and talk therapy

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13
Q

Clinical Health Psychologists

A

Motivation to make health conscious choices
Some use biofeedback

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14
Q

Behavioral Medicine

A

Behavioral components of medical problems
Treatment compliance
Physical health focused

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15
Q

Trans theoretical Model of Change

A

Theory of change that spans multiple theories
Pre-contemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance

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16
Q

SMART goal

A

Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Relevant
Time bound

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17
Q

Psychophysical Illness

A

Mind-Body illness
Stress related illness

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18
Q

Coronary Heart Disease

A

Plaque build up
Risk for cardiovascular disease and other illnesses
Stress increases risk

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19
Q

The 40 Accountant Study

A

Key finding: stress increases bad cholesterol which leads to CHD

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20
Q

Psychoneuroimmunology

A

Multi-disciplinary field studying how psychological factors such as stress affect the immune system

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21
Q

Lymphocytes

A

White blood cells that make up the immune system

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22
Q

Sheldon Cohen

A

20 years of research links stress to risk for common cold

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23
Q

Viral Challenge Studies

A

Expose people to virus and see who gets ill

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24
Q

Aerobic Exercise

A

Heart and lung activation
Moderate = 2 extra years of life in average

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25
BYU Meta Analysis
Social support promotes health
26
Stress
Physical state Perception/Experience of threat of challenge Can be positive or negative
27
Eustress
Health promoting forms of stress
28
Also static Overload
Wear and tear on the body and brain causes by excessive or chronic stress hormone release
29
General Adaptation Syndrome
ANS- Sympathetic Endocrine (hormonal) response resource depletion and exhaustion
30
Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal Axis
ANS- sympathetic Endocrine response
31
The Superior Temporal Sulcus
Part of brain that “reads” others emotions
32
Somatic Marker Hypothesis
Antonio Damasio Emotional response promote implicit learning to shape decisions Trolley problem
33
Iowa Gambling Task
Used to study emotional learning People tended to pick from the best deck
34
Differential Emotions Theory
Carol Izard 10 basic emotions Inborn/hard wired Observable I’m infancy Blended in adults
35
Facial Action Coding System
Paul Ekman Codes facial expression for “universal emotion”
36
Facial EMG
Measure muscle impulses to detect expressions
37
Theory of Constructed Emotion
Lisa Feldman Barret Naturally social Not purely hardwired We use context to give things meaning
38
Affective Primacy
Robert Zajonc Early implicit appraisal (low road) Influences later appraisal
39
Ideograph study
Showed people Chinese characters, flashed emotion before, asked people to rate whether they like the character
40
Appraisal Theory
Richard Lazarus Memory used to label experiences which changes biological response
41
Dimensional Approach
Arousal and valence
42
Waiting room study
Injected people, upped adrenaline Reacted differently depending on how confederate reacted
43
Spillover Effect
Arousal impacts intensity of emotions The same arousal can be experienced differently Interpretation of situation impacts “emotional” valence
44
Emotions
Integration of arousal cognitive interpretations and expressive behaviors Expressive behaviors, cognitive interpretations, arousal
45
Intrapersonal communication
Processing information within a person to make sense of the world and react
46
Interpersonal Communication
Exhibiting information that other people use to draw conclusions about us
47
James-Lange Theory
Brain interprets ANS Arousal (body then mind)
48
Cannon-Bard Theory
Added simultaneous subjective experience (body and mind at the same time)
49
Two Factor Model
Schacter and Singer Two factors, arousal and valence
50
Needs Theory
Henry Murray Needs = readiness to respond to cues in a certain way Psychological drives act as if they are needs
51
David C McClelland
Studied motivation Implicit measures Self reinforcing
52
Types of motivation
Achievement Power Affiliation
53
Picture Story Exercise
Shown pictures Respond any makes up stores
54
The ring toss study
Achievement motivation
55
Ghrelin
Secreted by an empty stomach activated lateral hypothalamus to increase hunger
56
Orexin
Neuropeptide released by the hypothalamus into the bloodstream. Increases hunger and sensitivity to cues
57
Leptin
Hormone secreted by fat cells that influences hunger and metabolism in way that impact long term weight
58
Unit Bias
People think in units, not degrees (ex calories)
59
WWII Deprivation Study
Ancel Keys Semistarvayion Near constant mental focus on food Deprivation = tension/desire
60
Basal Metabolic Raye
How much energy your body burns at rest
61
Lateral Hypothalamus
Activates Orexin Stimulate = full will eat more Lesion = starving won’t eat
62
Ventromedial Hypothalamus
Stimulate = stop eating Lesion = full will continue eating
63
Intrinsic Motivation
Internal Self reinforcing Expression = positive reinforcement
64
Extrinsic Motivation
Reflects learning Expression = obtaining a reward or avoiding a negative consequence
65
Drive Reduction Theory
Physical imbalance creates uncomfortable tension states that push us to restore balance by addressing a need
66
Set (settling) Point
A “value” around which motives are regulated
67
Optimal Arousal Theory
Suggests we are motivated to seek a level of arousal that is experienced as ideal. However that varies by situation and person
68
Sensation Seeking
A personality trait focused on how much external stimulation is sought to generate arousal
69
Revised Yerkes-Dodson Law
Dominant tasks do better with high arousal while difficult tasks do better with low arousal
70
Prepotency
Lower motives are stronger. As they are satisfied, other motives emerge
71
Harry Harlow
Studied attachment systems, why children love their parents Money with fake moms study
72
Joseph E LeDoux
Low and high roads Memory and emotion
73
Emotional Response Categorization Theory
Paula Niedenthal We mentally group things (and memories) by emotion

Psych 101 (4 decks)

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