Exam 5 Flashcards by Tierra Christian

Piercing stylets

Mandibles

Maxillae

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Sucking channel

Labrum

Hypopharynx

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Telmophagic

Drinking from a pool of blood

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Which insects use cutting and sponging

Horsefly

Black fly

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Sponging only

Housefly

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What helps lice digest and reproduce

Symbionts in gut

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Pediculosis

Heavy infestation of lice

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What insect isn’t know for being a parasite for any vectors?

Chewing lice

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Tibio tarsal claws

Sucking lice

Help them stay attached when the host is grooming itself

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How many in stars do lice have

3 instars

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Where does Pediculus humanus oviposit

Female lays eggs on clothing not body

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What is the disease Pediculus humanus causes

Vector of epidemic typhus
(Rickettsia prowazekii)
Fever, aches, rash
Incubation 10-14 days

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What type of louse is the only one to transmit pathogens?

Pediculus humanus

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Is having sex the only way to transmit Pthirus pubis

No just the most common

Can also get by sharing clothes, towels, a bed or sitting on a couch or toilet seat

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How are fleas compressed?

Bilaterally

Adaptive to move through hair

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Sensilium

Pygidium
Host detecting structure
Air movement
Diff in temp

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Holometabolous

Complete metamorphosis

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How do fleas get on their host?

Resilin for jumping

Legs used for grappling hooks

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How do fleas locate hosts?

What organs are necessary for this

Body warmth, air movement, vibrations of substrate, odors, CO2

Eyes, antennae, sensilium

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What flea burrows beneath the skin

Tunga penetrans

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Stick tight flea

Echinophaga gallinea

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Enzoctic cycle

Rats/mice-> fleas
|
V
Humans

Urban plague

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Epizootic cycle

Fleas- wild rodents
| |
V V
Humans Accidental host

Sylvatic plague

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Oriental rat fleas

Xenopylla cheopis

Bubonic plague

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Proventriculus block

Flea takes a blood meal but it can’t get past the block so it has to regurgitate the now contaminated blood. Spreading the bacteria

True bugs

Order Hemiptera

Parts of a kissing bug

Right behind head is Pronotum and the triangle is the Scutulum

Kissing bug | Family

Triatoma infestans | Reduvidae

Flea family

Pulicidae

Common bed bug

Cimex lectularis

Bed bug family

Cimicidae

How are bed bugs flattened?

Dorsaventrally

How do bed bugs mate?

Female has Berlese organ opening and the males penis acts as a dagger to penetrate the integument

How many instars in bed bug life cycle

Sylvatic

Nests, burrows of the host | Tend to feed on wild animals

Periodonestic

Corrals, coops, stables | Feed on domestic animals, livestock

Domestic

Human dwellings Triatoma spp. Rhodinus spp.

Kissing bugs vectors for?

Chagas’ disease Trypanosoma cruzi Trypomastigote- imbibed by bug Epimastigote- binary fission Metacyclic trypomastigotes- vertebrate host (infective stage) Amastigote- in tissue of host (musculature) Trypomastigote- to bug (circulates in blood)

Mosquito family

Culicidae

Autogenous

First egg batch —> complete development

Anautogenous

Blood —> nutrients —> egg development

Vitellogenin

Blood protein provides amino acids

How do the diff mosquitos lay their eggs

Anopheles/ Culex - directly on water surface Aedes- above water on damp substrate Mansonia- underside of leaf

Mosquito larva

Not buoyant 4 instars Spicules penetrate surface to breathe

Mosquito pupae

Respirator trumpets to breathe Non feeding Tumblars Buoyant- air bubbles

Endophagic

Feed in enclosures

Exophagic

Will not feed in enclosures

Endophilic

Stay on the wall to digest

Exophilic

Prefer to be outside to digest

Bird feeding species

Culex pipiens

Anyhrophagic

Feed on humans

How do mosquitos feed

Solenophagic | Pierce skin and feed from blood vessel

Yellow fever

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever pathology

``` Attacks the liver Parenchymal cell necrosis Bilirubin (deposited in skin) Jaundice Systematic toxemia Black vomit ``` (Trans ovarian transmission )

Carlos Finley

Started study that led to others connecting dots about yellow fever

Water reed Jesse James carol

Research in yellow fever One died on accidental exposure One let himself get infected on purpose- James

William Gorgas

Army Panama Canal Help prevent mosquito transmissions

Dengue fever

Aedes aegypti

DHF

Dengue hemorrhagic fever | Internal bleeding

DSS

Dengue shock syndrome Break bone fever Causes the most mortality More children than adults

Heart worm parasite genus

Dirofilaria

Filiriasis parasite genus

Wuchereria

Malaria parasite genus

Plasmodium

West Nile virus

Flavivirus

Eastern and western equine encephalitis

Alpha virus | Can kill a horse in a day

Family of hard ticks

Ixodidae

Family of soft ticks

Argasidae

Relapsing fever

Soft ticks Borrelia recurentis Coxal glands - leak excess salt and water from blood feeding

Genes organ

In females between the capitalism and scutum | Wax like material around eggs prevent drying out

How many I stars in hard ticks

Soft tick have how many instars

2 or more

What ticks larvae stays on egg and doesn’t take a blood meal

Ornithodoros

Example of a 1 host tick

Boophilus annulatus Cattle tick Texas cattle fever- Babesia Larva- nymph- adult feed on one host

Example of 2 host tick

Hyalomma Cattle tick Larva- nymph one host Adult different host

Example of 3 host tick

90% of hard ticks All stages feed on diff hosts Best for pathogens Dercementer, ixodes, Rhipicephalus

Nidocolous

Soft ticks | Inhabit dwelling of host

Exam 5 Flashcards

(76 cards)