exam ch2 Flashcards
(12 cards)
Q1. 5 principles of evolutionary biology
- brain is a physical system
- neural circuits are subject to social selection
- different circuits for different functions
- consciousness is just the tip of teh iceberg
- modern skill for stone aged mind (mismatch)
brain as a physical system
just like a computer, produces behaviors that are right to certain situations
neural circuits are subject to social selection (Darwin)
follows 3 principles: variation, heredity and selection.
selection is context and it’s a blind process (keeps what has worked in the past - for this reason also always a step behind)
- natural (ecosystem)
- natural (other beings)
-sexual (other beings, reproduction)
different circuits for different functions
1 object with 1 function is better than 1 object with many functions
the function came from either RECURRED problems or problems that had smt to do with SURVIVAL in the past
consciousness being just the tip of the iceberg
underestimation of our neural circuits,
90% of the activity happens unconsciously
Q2. difference function- effect
1 function can mean difefrent effects
the function is adaptive (depended on problems that either threatened survival or were recurring)ù
Effects depend on context
ANCESTRAL - past (shared w everyone)
ONTOLOGICAL - personal history
CULTURAL - shared w groups
SITUATIONAL
Q3. Timbergens questions
- how does it operate (mechanistic effect)
- why does it exist (adaptive function)
- how did it evolve (philogenetic)
- how does it develop (ontogeny)
relevence: to understand what a suject is about we need to understand all the things that surround it
Q4. persistence of ism words e possibility to erase them
-coalaitional psychology
-self esteem from comparison
-cultural humility
-stereotypes and prejudices
- kurzban study
-arbitrary cues
-cultural transmission and conformist effect
collegamenti. orientalism said (per culture e awareness) + jouissance lacan (us vs them, chance of survival)
Q5. individualistic vs collectivistic countries
individualistic: me before us, uniqueness is key, my own rules for my own behaviour
collectivistic: me aafter us, sense of being part of a whole, social rules and norms defining behavior
Q6. WEIRD
Western
Educated
Industrualized
Rich
Democratic
it’s a bias, so its important to point it out and be aware of it during research
Q7. 3 theories of mediated communication + relevance
main diviison:
1. cues filtered out (lack of non verbakl cues in mediated communication)
2. experiential and perceptual theories: perception of the richness of the medium
3.interpersonal adaptation and exploitation of media: use (& exploitation) of media per interpersonal relations
personal choice:
1.1 social presence theory: the more the cues, the closer we feel the other (emotional cues help communicate)
2.1 electronic propinquity theory: the more means we have to communicate, the least close we feel to the others (choice overload, paradox of choice) - ppr
3.1 efficiency framework: use of mixed means depending on urgency and complexity - different mechanism for difefrent means
mismatch theory
function is adaptive until we have a recurring problem or a problem that is threatening our survival.
now there are different inputs for the same functions, hence the output also changes, resulting in feelings that were not meant to be that way.
ex: barin is evolved for in person communication
- mediated communication takes more time
in weird countries cilence is weird, hence if someone leaves you on read/doesnt respond quickly you think there is an issue even if there isnt
