exam ch4

Question 1

Q1. can conflict be avoided?

Answer 1

no, it’s an adaptive function: helps individuals secure teh resources they need (including connections with others).
necessary due to inequality in access to resources and being resources limited, there is competition leading to conflict.

Question 2

Q2. evolution of conflict

Answer 2

started from weed conflict for light, air and water; cannibalism amongst animals; homicide.

in a lifetime:
*0-3 mainly direct (both physical and verbal): “scream and scratch”
* 3: tehory of mind (empatthy) kicks in
*8-11 increase in indirect conflict and direct verbal
*8-18 decrease direct physical aggression
*11-18 (slight) decrease in both indirect and direct verbal

!puberty= constant conflict. testosterone is not the cause of aggressiveness, but makes people more responsive to aggression triggers*

Question 3

Q3. parochial cooperation

Answer 3

ingroup love based on cooperation and trust
outgroup hate based on the will to fight them
-kin’s selection, spatial and group selection
-jouissance Lacan

Question 4

Q4. dark triad

Answer 4

-machiavellianism (indirect aggression): manipulative, less morality, focus on personal gain
-psychopathy (direct aggression): manipulative, impulsive, lak of remorse, lack of empathy
-narcissism (both direct and indirect aggression): idealized image of self, lower empathy, attention seeker and self-centred

centre is callousness (heartlessness)

Question 5

Q5. difference in aggression men and women

Answer 5

women tend to compete more indirectly (gossip, social exclusion and improve appearence to stand out). they’re highly focused on appearence and reputation

men are closer to direct conflict and for this reason perceived as more aggressive and closer to teh dark triad

Question 6

Q6. climate change and conflict (clash)

Answer 6

climate has an effect on aggression and self control in humans.

hotter and less predictable climates are associated to less control, higher aggressiveness and focus on the moment

colder and more seasonal climates are associated to self control, plans for the future, lower aggressiveness.

climate change in this department:
directly affects behavior w a rise in temperature
indirectly affecst the development of humans (physiological and psychological) + induces resource scaricty, hence eco-migration: increased aggression at a group level

Question 7

Q7. online communication input or output mismatch

Answer 7

both.
inpt mismatch: cues filtered out theories
lack of non verbal cues makes it harder to detect sarcasm, or various nuances of the cinversations, creating misunderstandings that lead to conflicts

output mismatch: side (social identity of models of deindividualization effects) lead to dishinibition effect (cockpit effect) where you tend to sue harsher or more extreme language, this leading to conflict

Question 8

SIDE (social identity models of deindividualization effects)

Answer 8

1. dissociative anonymity
   2.dissociative imagination (actions don’t feel as real or as serious)
   3.online invisibility (reduced accountability)
   4.asyncronicity (brain being used to real time responses, asynchronization allwos us to wun away from teh subject whenevr needed)
2. solistic introjection (perception of having an inner dialogue rather that a dyadic interaction)
3. minimization of authority (perception)