Exam II Flashcards by S R

Rapid calcium influx occurs during which phase of the rhythmic action?

Phase 0
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3

Phase 0

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Increase in sodium influx occurs during which phase of myocardial action potential?

Phase 0
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3

Phase 0

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Increase in calcium for subsequent contraction occurs during which phase of the myocardial action potential?

Phase 0
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3

Phase 2

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Sympathetic stimulation will cause which of the following?

Decreased stroke volume
Decreased cardiac output
Cutaneous vasoconstriction
Coronary vasodilation

Cutaneous vasoconstriction

Coronary vasodilation

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Which will not cause sympathetic stimulation?

Systemic vasodilation
Venular vasdilation
Arteriolar vasoconstriction

Systemic vasodilation

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The rate of impulse generation is fastest in which of the following?

Purkinje system
Bundle of his
AV node
SA node

SA node

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Speed of conduction of the myocardial action potential is the fastest in which of the following?

Purkinje system
Bundle of his
AV node
SA node

Purkinje system

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A week ventricular myocardium can result in what?

Decreased stroke volume
Decreased cardiac output
Bradycardia
Tacticardia

Decreased stroke volume

Decreased cardiac output

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Arteriolar constriction is mediated by vascular receptors?

Muscarinic ACh
Alpha-adrenergic
Beta-adrenergic
Nicotinic

Alpha-adrenergic

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Which of the following is not a vasoactive substance?

Renin
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
AG I

Renin

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Which of the following will not cause arteriolar constriction?

Renin
Epinephrine
AG I
AG II

Renin

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Which of the following statements is correct regarding venous return?

Exercise will cause venous return to increase
Decreased venous return will decrease stroke volume
Sympathetic stimulation will dilate veins increasing venous return
Valves prevent flow from reaching heart

Exercise will cause venous return to increase

Decreased venous return will decrease stroke volume

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Sensory signals from baroreceptors in carotid sinus are carried to nucleus of the solitary tract of which of the following fibers?

Descending CN IX
Descending CN X
Ascending CN IX
Ascending CN X

Ascending CN IX

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Sensory signals from the baroreceptors in the aortic arch are transmitted by parasympathetic fibers of

CN X
CN IX
CN IV
CN IIV

CN X

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The substance that increases blood volume by retaining sodium from the ECF is which of the following?

Renin
Aldosterone
ADH
Angiotensin converting enzyme

Aldosterone

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Myocardial contractility depends upon adequate concentration of which of the following cations?

Calcium
Potassium
Sodium
Magnesium

Calcium

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Rapid repolarization phase of the plateau action potential occurs due to which of the following events?

Sodium ion influx
Sodium ion efflux
Potassium ion influx
Potassium ion efflux

Potassium ion efflux

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Slow depolarization in cells of the SA node are due to influx of which ions?

Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
Calcium

Sodium

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A person with hyper-aldosteronism will present with which of the following?

Increased blood volume
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Hypotension

Increased blood volume

Hypokalemia

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Which of the following conditions will cause systematic arterial blood pressure to rise?

Hypo-aldosteronism
Excessive plasma ADH
Vagal stimulation
All of the above

Excessive plasma ADH

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All of the following except ____ will cause systemic blood pressure to rise?

Increased vagal tone
Increased cardiac output
Increased aldosterone
None of the above

Increased vagal tone

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Which hormone causes only water retention?

ADH
Aldosterone
Angio converting enzyme
Atrial natriuretic peptide

ADH

Which hormone causes NA+ excretion?

ADH
Aldosterone
Angiotensin converting enzyme
Atrial natriuretic peptide

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Which is not correct regarding the myocardium?

Muscle contractions are always preceded by muscle action potentials

Both atria contract simultaneously

Ventricular contractions are delayed after atria contract

Hypocalcemia will cause stroke volume to increase

The normal electrical axis of the heart is what? 0 60 120 180

Fastest rate of slow depolarization; normal pacemaker

SA node

Depolarization due to calcium influx

AV node

Cells are deficient in gap junctions; relatively thin fibers and fewer gap junctions

AV bundle

Primer pump; repolarization is not represented in the EKG

Atrial myocardium

QRS complex of the EKG represents depolarization; contraction determines cardiac output

Ventricular myocardium

First heart sound occurs

Period of isometric contraction

Semilunar valves open

Period of ejection

Dicrotic notch on BP curve

Period of isovolmetric relaxation

Occurs after the 2nd heart sound

Period of passive filling

Occurs during PR segment

Period of active filling

Sympathetic stimulation will cause vasoconstriction in which of the following circulatory beds? Coronary Cutaneous Cerebral Pulmonary

Cutaneous

Arteriolar diameter is predominately dependent upon sympathetic tone in which of the following vascular beds? Coronary Cutaneous Cerebral Pulmonary

Cutaneous

Stimulation of which of the following will decrease heart rate? Adrenergic receptors in the SA node Adrenergic receptors in the myocardium mACh receptors in SA node

mACh receptors in SA

Stimulation of which of the following will not increase systemic blood pressure? Adrenergic receptors in SA node Adrenergic receptors in myocardium mACh receptors in SA node None of the above

mACh receptors in SA node

The plateau phase of myocardial contractions is which of the following? ECF Mitochondria SR ER

ECF

Myocardial tissues function as syncitia because of which structural characteristics? Branched nature of myocardial fiber Gap junctions All of the above None of the above

All of the above

Systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery is the same as the systolic pressure in the systematic arteries. True/False

False

Mitral valve stenosis will decrease cardiac output. True/False

True

Mitral valve prolapse may lead to cardio-acceleration. True/False

True

Sympathetic stimulation will decrease cardiac output. True/False

False

A person will uncontrolled hypertension may complain of frequent urination. True/False

True

Vagal vagal stimulation will cause sinus bradycardia. True/False

True

Oncotic pressure draws water from the ISF to the plasma. True/False

True

Most of the blood is contained in the veins. True/False

True

Blood pressure, EKG, volume in heart chambers, and sounds are monitored during cardiac cycle. True/False

True

S1 (lubb) is a result of AV valve closure. True/False

True

Period of isovolumetric contraction -> period of ejection -> period of isovolumetric relaxation -> passive ventricular filling -> active ventricular filling Correct order of events. True/False

True

Baroreceptors are located in the aortic arch and in the carotid sinus. True/False

True

Sensory signals from baro receptors are transmitted to cardiac center located in the medulla. True/False

True