Exam II Material Dr. Pruzansky Growth and Dev 2

Question 1

Girls reach PHV ___ years before boys (__ and ___ years)

Answer 1

2 year…12 and 14 years

Question 2

Timing of PHV is closely linked to ________ patterns in WHICH two areas??

Answer 2

calcification….hand (Hand wrist films) and changes in the shape of cervical vertebrae (cervical vertebrae maturity scale).

Question 3

What is the most accurate radiograph to assess growth?

Answer 3

hand wrist film

Question 4

Late growth of the _______ CAN occur in the late teenage years or early adulthood..Most often seen in ______, especially those with ______ mandibles

Answer 4

mandible…males…prognathic

Question 5

Mandibular growth can cause incisor crowding when there is limited ______…

Answer 5

overjet

Question 6

Mandibular growth..A patient can “______” their orthodontic treatment

Answer 6

out grow

Question 7

Soft tissue profile ______ with age and growth

Answer 7

flattens

Question 8

A blow to the mandible on one side may fracture the mandible at the condylar process on the _______ side

Answer 8

OPPOSITE!!!!

Question 9

Trauma: Pull of WHICH MUSCLE distracts the condylar fragment and resorption may occur

Answer 9

lateral pterygoid

Question 10

Trauma: Growth is restricted on WHICH SIDE leading to mandibular asymmetric growth?

Answer 10

the side of the fracture

Question 11

What is the post fertilization time frame for the formation of cleft lip and/or palate?

Answer 11

28-38 days

Question 12

What is the post fertilization time frame for the formation of ONLY cleft palate (lip has already formed by now…)

Answer 12

42-55 days

Question 13

Hemifacial Microsomia is primarily UNILATERAL and ALWAYS _________

Answer 13

asymmetrical

Question 14

Which craniofacial deformity is a product of the 1st and 2nd branchial arches?

Answer 14

Hemifacial Microsomia

Question 15

Which craniofacial deformity is a product of the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arch, groove and pouch?

Answer 15

treacher collins (mandibulofacial dystosis)

Question 16

Treacher Collins is typically ______ but may not be symmetric, ____ deformities may be present

Answer 16

BILATERAL….ear

Question 17

What is the MOST COMMON congential defect involving the face and jaws?

Answer 17

Cleft lip/cleft palate

Question 18

Cleft lip: failure of fusion between ___________ and the _________ (__th week of development)

Answer 18

median and lateral nasal processes…maxillary prominence..6th

Question 19

In cleft lip/palate: _________ due to post-surgical scar tissue

Answer 19

Maxillary retrognathism

Question 20

In cleft lip/palate: Often see a notch in the ______ process…Missing lateral incisors, bony defects, etc.

Answer 20

alveolar

Question 21

____% of cleft lip patients also have cleft palate

Answer 21

60%

Question 22

Cleft palate only: incomplete fusion of _________…May have _______

Answer 22

secondary palate…bifid uvula

Question 23

Craniosynostosis Syndromes: ______ rather than ________ stage of development

Answer 23

fetal…..embryologic

Question 24

What is the most common Craniosynostosis Syndrome?

Answer 24

Crouzon’s syndrome

Question 25

What is the developmental abnormality that allows a person to touch their shoulders together?

Answer 25

cleidocranial dysplasia (CLEIDO=CLAVICAL)

Question 26

What is cleidocranial dysplasia a defect in?

Answer 26

defect in BONE RESORPTION

Question 27

What are two oral manifestatoins of cleidocranial dysplasia?

Answer 27

heavy fibrous gingiva and SUPERNUMERARY teeth

Question 28

Change in size between primaries and perms: Maxillary permanent incisors are about __ mm larger than the primary incisors...this is regained by ________ & increase in intercanine width

Answer 28

8mm...proclination

Question 29

Change in size between primaries and perms: Mandibular permanent incisors are about __-__ mm larger than the permanent incisors...this is regained by increase in _______

Answer 29

5-6mm...intercanine width

Question 30

What is the primate space on the maxillary? How many mm?

Answer 30

between max lateral incisors and canines (1.7mm)

Question 31

What is the primate space on the mandibular? How many mm?

Answer 31

between mandibular canines and 1st molars (1.5mm)

Question 32

Early mesial shift is migration of the erupting _______ and it uses which primate space? What age does this occur?

Answer 32

erupting mandibular permanent 1st molar...mandibular primate space (canine and 1st molar)...age 6

Question 33

Leeway space is the space occupied by the primary _______ and _______ often GREATER than the succedaneous teeth

Answer 33

canines and molars

Question 34

What is the Leeway space in each maxillary quadrant?

Answer 34

1-1.5mm in each maxillary quad

Question 35

What is the Leeway space in each mandibular quadrant?

Answer 35

2-2.5mm

Question 36

Which tooth is the greatest contributor to leeway space? How much space does it provide?

Answer 36

primary 2nd molar..2mm

Question 37

About 2mm of the leeway space is used up by _______ of the permanent molar

Answer 37

mesial drift

Question 38

What is the number one way we try and preserve mandibular leeway space?

Answer 38

a lower lingual holding arch

Question 39

LATE mesial shift: Mesial migration of the erupting WHICH TOOTH? after the loss of WHICH TOOTH?

Answer 39

mandibular permanent first molar...primary second molar

Question 40

LATE mesial shift uses leeway space and it around age ___

Answer 40

11

Question 41

A distal step: happens __% of the time and is a class __ occlusal relationship

Answer 41

10%...class II (the distal step is from the distal of the mand molar up to the distal of the max second molar)

Question 42

A flush terminal plane occurs __% of the time and is "_____" occlusal relationship

Answer 42

30%..."end to end"

Question 43

A mesial step is occurs __% of the time and IF its less than ___mm it will end up being Class __ 80 % of the time...if greater than this it will end up Class ___ the remaining 20% of the time

Answer 43

60%...2mm...Class I...Class III (the mesial step is down from the distal of the second maxillary molar to the distal of the second mand molar)

Question 44

Once bone is formed, it grows by:

Answer 44

appositional growth only

Question 45

In predicting the time of the pubertal growth spurt, while treating jaw malrelationships in a growing child, the orthodontist can get the most information from:

Answer 45

Hand-wrist radiograph

Question 46

Cartilage differs from bone in that cartilage can increase in size by:

Answer 46

Interstitial growth

Question 47

Bone deposition in the _________________ region is responsible for the lengthening of the maxillary arch.

Answer 47

tuberosity

Question 48

EACH STATEMENT T/F: Leeway space is a calculated difference between primary and permanent tooth size....There is typically more leeway space in the maxillary arch.

Answer 48

TRUE...FALSE

Question 49

Primary molar relationships are known as:

Answer 49

Step relationships

Question 50

In the maxillary arch, the primate space is located between the ______ and ______

Answer 50

lateral incisors and canines

Question 51

In the mandibular arch, the primate space is located between the ________ and _______

Answer 51

canines and first molars