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Ortho > Exam II Material Dr. Pruzansky MioMech and Materials > Flashcards

Exam II Material Dr. Pruzansky MioMech and Materials Flashcards

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1
Q

***What is internal distribution of the load. defined as force/area?

A

Stress

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2
Q

***Stress is defined as _____ / _____?

A

force / area

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3
Q

What is internal distortion produced by the load. defined by deflection / length?

A

Strain

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4
Q

Strain is defined as _______ / ______?

A

deflection / length

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5
Q

**______ behavior is defined as stress-strain response to an external load

A

elastic

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6
Q

What are the 3 major properties of the force-deflection curve?

A

strength, stiffness, and range

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7
Q

**FORCE-DEFLECITON CURVE- WHAT IS the elastic limit permanent deformation first observed.

A

Proportional limit

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8
Q

FORCE-DEFLECITON CURVE- Yield _____ / yield _____ = point on the stress / strain diagram at which a deformation of 0.1% is measured

A

yield point / yield strength

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9
Q

FORCE-DEFLECITON CURVE- point at which the wire breaks

A

failure point

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10
Q

STRESS-STRAIN curve: maximum load the wire can sustain

A

Ultimate tensile strength

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11
Q

Ideal Ortho wire: ______ strength

A

high

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12
Q

Ideal Ortho wire: _____ stiffness

A

low

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13
Q

Ideal Ortho wire: _____ range

A

high

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14
Q

Ideal Ortho wire: ______ formability

A

high

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15
Q

Ideal Ortho wire: can ____ or _____ to it

A

weld or solder

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16
Q

Ortho wire: In the US it is specified in _______ of an inch

A

thousandths

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17
Q

Ortho wire: How many numbers are reported for a round wire? How many for a rectange?

A

1 round..2 rectangle

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18
Q

What are the two bracket sizes?

A

.018” (0.25x0.18”) or .022” (0.28x0.22”)

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19
Q

Round wires can cause _______ but cannot control/ cause _____

A

all kinds of movements…torque

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20
Q

Which type of wire CAN control torque?

A

rectangular

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21
Q

What are the 3 stages of othodontic treatment?

A

1.level and align 2.molar relationship and space closure 3.finishing

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22
Q

First stage of ortho- level and align…Brackets are placed in prescribed location on each tooth, brackets do not ______

A

line up

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23
Q

First stage of ortho- level and align…Very light ______ wires are placed into each bracket

A

flexible

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24
Q

Second stage of ortho-correct molar relationship, space closure: Brackets are fully ______

A

aligned

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25
Second stage of ortho-correct molar relationship, space closure: _______ archwires can be used
heavier
26
Second stage of ortho-correct molar relationship, space closure: Guide molar relationship via Differential ______ of jaws, Differential movement of ______
growth...U/L teeth
27
third stage of ortho tx: finishing..._____ paralleling... _____ torque
root...incisor
28
third stage of ortho tx: finishing...Correction of _____/_____ and the _____
overjet/overbite....midline
29
third stage of ortho tx: finishing...Final settling of posterior ______
occlusion
30
Which stage of ortho tx do you correct overjet/overbite?
third (finishing)
31
Ni-Ti: Has shape ______ effect and super_______
memory...superelastcity
32
Ni-Ti: _____ range, ____ stiffness
large...low
33
Ni-Ti: Not formable at ______ temperatures (no bends)
normal
34
Ni-Ti: Good where low _____ is needed
force
35
Ni-Ti: _____ friction...Good for leveling and _____ (early phase of treatment)
high...aligning
36
Shape memory effect: soft, low temperature phase, better formability is which crystalline structure phase?
MARTENsite
37
Shape memory effect: harder, high temperature phase, super- elasticity is which crystalline structure phase?
AUSTENite
38
What is the other name for Beta-Titanium (nope, its not Be-Ti)?
TMA-Titanium Molybdenum Alloy
39
Which material has lower forces than SS, more gentle, low stiffness?
Beta-Titanium
40
Which material has the MOST FRICTION of all wires?? (Not good for sliding mechanics)
Beta-Titanium
41
Beta-Titanium: Good choice for auxiliary _____ and intermediate _____ stages
springs..finishing
42
Beta-Titanium has _______ resistance due to titanium oxide
CORROSION
43
Beta-Titanium is an intermediate between _____ and ____...it contains NONE of this metal...
SS and Ni-Ti...no nickel present
44
What is the composition of chromium and nickel in stainless steel?
18% chromium and 8% nickel
45
Steel is SOFTENED by _______ and HARDENED by _______
softened-annealing...hardened-cold working
46
Stainless Steel has corrosion resistance because of which metal?
chromium
47
Stainless steel has LOW _______ = best for sliding mechanics
friction
48
which wire is BEST for sliding mechanics because of its LOW friction?
stainless steel
49
Which wire has High strength, high stiffness and is Good for closing spaces or tip/torque control?
Stainless Steel
50
Which of newtons laws is the law of inertia?
1st
51
Which newtons law?: FOR EVERY ACTION, THERE IS AN EQUAL AND OPPOSITE REACTION
3rd
52
Which newtons law is most commonly applied in ortho?
3rd (FOR EVERY ACTION, THERE IS AN EQUAL AND OPPOSITE REACTION)
53
Which newtons law?: RATE OF CHANGE OF MOMENTUM OF A BODY IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE FORCE AND TAKES PLACE IN THE DIRECTION IN WHICH THE FORCE ACT (F=MA)
2nd
54
Which newtons law?: A BODY AT REST REMAINS AT REST. A BODY IN MOTION TENDS TO REMAIN IN THAT STATE OF MOTION UNLESS AN EXTERNAL FORCE IS APPLIED TO IT
1st
55
what is an influence that may cause an object to change its velocity
a force
56
What is magnitude and direction of a force? they can be added
vector
57
The point around which a free body is perfectly balanced
center of mass
58
If an object is a free body, the center of _______ is the same as the center of mass
resistance
59
In orthodontics, the center of ________ of a tooth is the point where a force application results in translational movement
resistance
60
Center of resistance is constant and is located about ____ of the root length from the _____ in single-rooted teeth, and just apical to the ________ in multi- rooted teeth
1/3 from the CEJ...furcation
61
Center of Rotation: The point around which the tooth _____...Center of rotation is constant or not constant?
rotates...NOT constant
62
What is the center of rotation determined by?
type of movement occuring
63
Rotation occurs when a force is applied away from the __________
center of resistance
64
What are the 4 types of tooth movements?
1. uncontrolled tipping 2.controlled tipping 3.translation 4.root torque
65
in _______ tipping: Net force results in center of rotation NEAR center of resistance
UNCONTROLLED
66
________ tipping is caused by a single point of force
uncontrolled
67
****Which type of tooth movement does Invisalign or spring retainers utilize?
uncontrolled tipping
68
_______ tipping net force results in center of rotation near the apex
controlled
69
_______ tipping caused by multiple forces working at different location on the tooth
controlled
70
***Controlled tipping only can be accomplished by WHICH orthodontic appliances?
BRACKETS
71
_______: Net force results in center of rotation that is infinitely far from center of resistance
Translation (i dont get this concept)
72
_______: All points on a rigid body move the same amount in the same direction
Translation
73
______: Net force results in center of rotation at the incisal tip of the tooth
Root torque
74
______: Root and crown move in the same direction
root torque
75
Root torque: _____ moves a greater distance than the _____
root...crown
76
_______: The tendency for a tooth to rotate around the center of resistance
moment
77
______: Two equal but opposite non-coplanar forces acting on an object
couple
78
What is the ONLY FORCE SYSTEM that can produce PURE rotation??
Couple
79
Variation in bracket slot location and orientation is known as _______
prescription
80
What 3 things make straightening teeth more complicated than prescription?
1.slop 2.wire rigidity 3.biomechanics
81
_______: The closer the wire is to the SLOT DIMENSION the less of this there is and therefore more of the prescription is expressed.
SLOP
82
Take home message of biomechanics: Because the _________ is in the BONE, when we push on teeth with brackets it is hard to get pure _______.
CENTER OF RESISTANCE....translation
83
Take home message of biomechanics: ________ are needed to move a tooth in the manner we want
Multiple forces
84
An active finger spring of a removable appliance usually touches the tooth with a point contact. What is the most likely type of tooth movement produced in this situation?
Tipping
85
Orthodontic forces can be treated mathematically as vectors. T/F?
T
86
Forces produce either translation, rotation, or a combination of translation and rotation, depending upon the relationship of the line of action of the force to the center of resistance of the tooth. T/F?
T

Ortho (9 decks)

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