Exam III Questions

Question 1

Name a non-collagenous protein associated with bone:

Answer 1

Osteonectin, osteopontin, osteocalcin, sialoprotein, phosphoprotein, glycoprotein, Bone-specific protein, bone morphogenetic protein, carboxyglutamic acid containing protein

Question 2

According to your text, which bone morphogenic proteins promotes bone formation?

Answer 2

BMP 2, 4, 6, 7

(if only one can be chosen pick BMP-2)

Question 3

What compounds are found in bone matrix vesicles

Answer 3

Alkaline phosphatase, pyrophosphatase, glycoprotein, phosphoproteins, phospholipids

Question 4

_____ is defined as a denuded area of bone that extends through the marginal bone creating a “cleft-like” defect:

Answer 4

Dehiscence

Question 5

Multiple myeloma accounts for nearly _____ % of all malignancies involving bone

Answer 5

50%

Question 6

According to your text, the intrinsic fibers of alveolar bone are oriented ____ to the bone surface; the extrinsic fibers of the PDL are oriented ____ to the bone surface

Answer 6

Intrinsic=parallel

Extrinsic=perpendicular

Question 7

Normally, at 4-5 years of age, the jaws will accomodate a total of _____ erupted and unerupted teeth

Answer 7

20 erupted + 28 developing (unerupted) = 48 teeth total

Question 8

What is the rate of eruption of teeth?

Answer 8

3 mm every 3 months but this is NOT a constant rate

Question 9

The deciduous dentition has generally completed eruption by age _____

Answer 9

3 years

Question 10

Melanocytes are derived from cells of what embryonic structure?

Answer 10

Neural crest

Question 11

After root formation is complete, the reduced enamel epithelial forms the _____ after eruption

Answer 11

Junctional epithelium

Question 12

What is the most common neoplastic (cancerous) lesion arising from odontogenic epithelium

Answer 12

Ameloblastoma

Question 13

Oral cancer accounts for approximately ____% of all cancers

Answer 13

3%

Question 14

The highest incidence of squamous cell carcinoma is found in which population?

Answer 14

Middle-aged African American males

Question 15

According to your text, where are oxytalan fibers found?

Answer 15

Periodontal ligament

Question 16

Oral cancer accounts for approximately ____% of all cancers

Answer 16

3%

Question 17

Short columnar/Tall cuboidal epithelial cells are found in which ducts?

Answer 17

Striated ducts

Question 18

What is the classification of the submandibular gland?

Answer 18

Mixed seromucous gland (predominantly serous with mucous contributions)

Question 19

What is the terminal excretory duct of the submandibular gland?

Answer 19

Wharton’s duct

Question 20

Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor that accounts for ___% of parotid salivary gland tumors.

Answer 20

53-77%

Question 21

According to your text, on the posterior slope of the TMJ articular eminence, the inner perpendicular collagen fibers are responsible for ______.

Answer 21

Resting compression of mandibular condyle against the articular surface

Question 22

In the intimal layer of the TMJ, the macrophage-like cells are the _____.

Answer 22

Type A cells

Question 23

The Type B synovial cells of the synovial membrane secrete _____.

Answer 23

Hyaluronate

Question 24

Which receptors are found in the TMJ area?

Answer 24

Ruffini corpuscles - proprioception

Pacinian corpuscles - dynamic mechanoreception

Golgi tendon organs - static mechanoreception

Free nerve endings - pain

Question 25

2 What is the fibrillar component of the mature dentin matrix?

Answer 25

Type I collagen

Question 26

2 Histologically, the presence of ____ is used to distinguish the root dentin from the crown dentin.

Answer 26

Tome's granular layer

Question 27

2 According to your text, when compared to intertubular dentin, how is peritubular dentin characterized?

Answer 27

It has a greater content of inorganic salts, more mineralized because exposed to more granular stuff

Question 28

2 During the transition from undifferentiated cell to mature odontoblast, what is the function of fibronectin?

Answer 28

Help align themselves along the basal lamina, assume polarity, and differentiate into secretory cells

Question 29

2 What is contained in the odontoblastic matrix vesicle?

Answer 29

Alkaline phosphatase, phospholipids, phosphoproteins, pyrophosphatase, calcium, PO4-, Annexin, calcium hydroxyapatite crystallites

Question 30

2 What growth factors are secreted by the IEE during initiation of odontoblastic differentiation?

Answer 30

1. Transforming growth factor (TGF) 2. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 3. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 4. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)

Question 31

2 What is the function of annexin V in odontoblastic matrix vesicles?

Answer 31

Mediate flow of calcium in to the matrix vesicle; also serves as a collagen receptor that binds matrix vesicles to collagen

Question 32

2 The theory most commonly accepted to explain why pain is elicited when dentin is mechanically stimulated is the ____ theory?

Answer 32

Brannstrom's hydrodynamic theory

Question 33

2 In the dental pulp, macrophages & dendritic cells constitute ___ % of the total cell population

Answer 33

8%

Question 34

2 The cells responsible for physiologic maintenance of the cementum surface and alveolar bone proper are derived from undifferentiated cells located in the ______

Answer 34

Interstitial spaces of the PDL

Question 35

2 Where is Tome's granular layer found?

Answer 35

Dentin of the root adjacent to the cementum

Question 36

2 A gap between the enamel & cementum at the CEJ has an incidence of occurrence of approximately _____ %

Answer 36

10 %

Question 37

2 Cementicles are thought to be formed in response to what stimuli?

Answer 37

Response to local trauma or hyperactive occlusion and appear in increasing numbers with increasing age

Question 38

2 What do teeth look like that exhibit dental erosion?

Answer 38

A- teeth have broad concavities with cupping of occlusal surfaces and dentin exposure B- Incisal translucency as well as wear on non-occluding surfavecs C- amalgam restorations appear "raised" and have a non-tarnished appearance

Question 39

2 A patient with GERD will likely have tooth erosion caused by _____

Answer 39

Stomach acid

Question 40

2 The thickness of the cementum at the CEJ is approximately _____ micrometers

Answer 40

30-50 micrometers (thinnest here)

Question 41

2 What is the primary function of cementum?

Answer 41

Provides attachment for the PDL

Question 42

2 It is thought that nonmyelinated nerve C fibers of the dental pulp are associated with this type of dental pain:

Answer 42

Dull, diffuse pain

Question 43

2 Most myelinated nerve fibers in the dental pulp are designated as ____ fibers

Answer 43

A-delta

Question 44

2 It is estimated that each nerve fiber contributes ___ branches to Raschkow's plexus

Answer 44

8

Question 45

2 Where do the epithelial rests of Malassez originate from?

Answer 45

Remains of Hertwig's root sheath

Question 46

2 An acute pulpal abscess is characterized by dense aggregations of what cell?

Answer 46

Neutrophils & macrophages & other inflammatory cells

Question 47

2 When a developing carious lesion reaches the DEJ, this will often initiate the formation of what at the pulp interface of the dentin?

Answer 47

Reparative dentin (tertiary dentin)

Question 48

2 The principle fiber group in the PDL that constitutes the main support of the tooth against masticatory forces is the ____

Answer 48

Obique

Question 49

2 Which PDL fiber group does NOT exhibit a bony insertion?

Answer 49

Transseptal

Question 50

2 The "biologic width" is comprised of 1 mm of ____ epithelium and 1 mm of _____

Answer 50

Junction epithelium; gingival fiber ligament (GFL)

Question 51

2 An aggressive benign tumor derived from odontogenic epithelium that exhibits a radiolucent, multilocular radiographic appearance could be _____

Answer 51

Ameloblastoma

Question 52

2 The lateral periodontal cyst is through to have its origins in the ____

Answer 52

Epithelial rest of Malassez in the PDL

Question 53

Leukotrienes, thromboxanes, and prostaglandins all activate Type A cells in the arachidonic acid pathway. Phospholipids are eassociated with edema, vasodilation & pain in areas of inflammation.

Answer 53

Both statements are true

Question 54

The initial layer of the TMJ has two types of cells, and the type B cells secrete hyaluronate

Answer 54

True

Question 55

The left image is a young person's condylar head

Answer 55

True

Question 56

Superior lateral pterygoid attaches to the joint capsule & the articular disc. Inferior lateral pterygoid attaches to the neck of the condyle.

Answer 56

Both statements are true

Question 57

Identify mucocele image Characteristic of mucocele:

Answer 57

Salivary gland duct is damaged

Question 58

This image is of a _____ A characteristic of this is ______

Answer 58

Mucocele Salivary gland duct is damaged

Question 59

Giant cell tumors cause a painless expansion of bone. Radiographically can be confused with ameloblastoma or periapical cyst.

Answer 59

Both statements are true

Question 60

The image below shows ______. This can be caused by:

Answer 60

Dehiscence a. Facial-lingual alignment of teeth b. Mesial-distal contour of CEJ c. Facial-lingual width of teeth d. Presence of enamel pearls or cervical enamel projections

Question 61

This image shows

Answer 61

Gingival parakeratosis

Question 62

This image shows: What is characteristic of this?

Answer 62

Geographical tongue Filiform with food bolus

Question 63

Pre-eruptive growth includes:

Answer 63

a. Length of jaw b. Width of jaw c. Alveolar ridge height d. Buccal-lingual width of alveolus

Question 64

This image shows:

Answer 64

Lichen Planus

Question 65

Hairy tongue is caused by filiform papillae growth and delayed shedding.

Answer 65

True

Question 66

These images show:

Answer 66

Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid

Question 67

This image shows:

Answer 67

Complex odontoma

Question 68

Complex odontoma defect originates in the initiation stage

Answer 68

True

Question 69

Bone lining cells=

Answer 69

Inactive osteoblasts that are thought to protect bone from osteoclasts

Question 70

Dilaceration is thought to be caused by a defect in:

Answer 70

Hertwig's root sheath

Question 71

Root is NOT needed for eruption:

Answer 71

True

Question 72

Identify the medial nasal prominence

Answer 72

Yellow

Question 73

Taste innervation of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue includes:

Answer 73

CN7-facial nerve

Question 74

Cleft lip results when there is a lack of fusion between:

Answer 74

Medial nasal and maxillary processes

Question 75

Mixed gland involved in salivation upon food:

Answer 75

Submandibular gland

Question 76

Stratum intermedium has cells that alkaline phosphatase. Eventually it is included in the reduced epithelium that forms the junctional epithelium after eruption.

Answer 76

Both statements are true

Question 77

Metaplasia is a reversible change in which one cell type is replaced by another.

Answer 77

True

Question 78

Myoepithelial cells associated with acini & secreting stuff from salivary glands

Answer 78

True

Question 79

Teeth follow the gubernacular canal during eruption. Gubernacular canal contains remnants from dental lamina epithelium.

Answer 79

Both statements are true

Question 80

When mandible moves, the disc also moves, so all articulation is on the fibrous portion of the disc.

Answer 80

Both statements are true

Question 81

Characteristic of woven bone:

Answer 81

Collagen randomly oriented

Question 82

Osteoclasts making environment very acidic to break down hydroxyapatite and then proteins breaking down organic materials.

Answer 82

Both statements are true

Question 83

Von Ebner's glands are associated with

Answer 83

Serous only and circumvallate papillae

Question 84

Choose the false statement regarding the dislocation of the TMJ.

Answer 84

The disc is capable of healing itself quickly

Question 85

Are deciduous teeth replaced from the buccal or lingual?

Answer 85

Lingual

Question 86

Vermillion border characteristic:

Answer 86

Blood vessels close to the surface

Question 87

Tertiary dentin is released immediately in response to outside forces. It is laid down in a clean fashion.

Answer 87

First statement true. Second statement false.