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Histopathology > Gingival Fiber Ligament & Periodontal Ligament (Exam II) > Flashcards

Gingival Fiber Ligament & Periodontal Ligament (Exam II) Flashcards

1
Q

GFL

A

Gingival fiber ligament

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2
Q

PDL

A

Periodontal ligament

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3
Q

The GFL provides ____ & ____ to the marginal gingiva

A

Rigidity & Density

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4
Q

The GFL acts as a ____ for the interproximal crestal alveolar bone

A

Periosteum

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5
Q

The GFL provides 1/2 of the ____

A

Biologic width

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6
Q

The GFL acts as a _____ for the crestal alveolar bone against the spread of ______

A

Protective barrier
Gingival inflammation

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7
Q

The GFL inhibits the ____ of the junctional epithelium

A

Apical migration

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8
Q

List the GFL fiber groups: (7)

A
  1. Dentogingival
  2. Dentoperiosteal
  3. Alveologingival
  4. Circular
  5. Transseptal
  6. Semicircular
  7. Transgingival
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9
Q

The area of junctional epithelium & gingival fiber ligament attached to the root of a tooth

A

Biological width

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10
Q

The biological width extends from most _____ of the junctional epithelium to the ______

A

Coronal attachment
Crestal alveolar bone

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11
Q

Violation of the biological width due to placement of overextended restoration margins will result in ______ & if given sufficient time, it may induce the loss of supporting _____ with formation of a diseased _____

A

Chronic inflammation; alveolar bone; periodontal pocket

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12
Q

Functions of the PDL include (5):

A
  1. Supportive
  2. Regenerative
  3. Nutritional
  4. Sensory
  5. Protective
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13
Q

The PDL is derived from ____ cells

A

Ectomesenchymal cells (neural crest cells)

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14
Q

The PDL is derived from ectomesenchymal cells (neural crest cells) in the _____ zone of the _____

A

Intermediate; dental follicle

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15
Q

Cells in the most peripheral zone (outer) of the dental follicle give rise to the _____. Cells in the most proximal (inner) give rise to ______.

A

Alveolar bone proper

Cementoblasts

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16
Q

_____ are embedded into the cementum of the PDL

A

Collagen fibers

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17
Q

Consists of small diameter collagen fibers in random orientation that provide support for the principle fiber groups:

A

Indifferent fiber plexus

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18
Q

Resident cell populations of the PDL: (7)

A
  1. Fibroblasts
  2. Osteoblasts
  3. Cementoblasts
  4. Macrophages
  5. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells
  6. Endothelial cells
  7. Epithelial cells
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19
Q

PDL fiber groups include: (5)

A
  1. Alveolar crest
  2. Horizontal
  3. Oblique
  4. Apical
  5. Interradicular
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20
Q

PDL fiber groups that resists vertical force only:

A

Apical & alveolar crest

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21
Q

PDL fiber group that resists vertical & lateral forces:

A

Interradicular

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22
Q

PDL fiber group that resists intrusive forces only:

A

Oblique

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23
Q

PDL fiber group that resists horizontal & tipping force:

A

Horizontal

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24
Q

All PDL fiber groups tend to resist ____ forces

A

Rotational

25
Q

GFL fiber group that resists tooth separation:

A

Transseptal

26
Q

GFL fiber group that resists gingival displacement only:

A

Dentogingival, alveologingival, circumferential

27
Q

GFL fiber group that resists gingival displacement & tooth separation:

A

Semicircular

28
Q

What fiber groups are involved in orthodontic relapse?

A
  1. Transseptal fibers (GFL)
  2. Semicircular fibers (GFL)
  3. PDL principle fiber groups
29
Q

The PDL interstitial spaces are a source of mesenchymal cells that can differentiate into: (3)

A
  1. Cementoblasts
  2. Osteoblasts
  3. Fibroblasts
30
Q

Function in regeneration & repair of cementum following injury

A

Cementoblasts

31
Q

Function in the continous physiologic remodeling of supporting alveolar bone

A

Osteoblasts

32
Q

Fucntion in the continuous physiologic deposition of cementum:

A

Cementoblasts

33
Q

Function in the regeneration & repair of bone following orthodontic therapy or disease:

A

Osteoblasts

34
Q

Have various phenotypes that are involved in collagen production & physiologic collagen degredation:

A

Fibroblasts

35
Q

Fusion of cementum directly with the surrounding alveolar bone, without intervening PDL

A

Ankylosis

36
Q

Ankylosis is the fusion of ______ directly with the surrounding ______ without the intervening PDL

A

Cementum; Alveolar bone

37
Q

Ankylosis is usually a reparative response to:

A

PDL injury

38
Q

In ankylosis what dictates the type of response?

A
  1. Degree of injury
  2. Type of cells
39
Q

If the injury is significant & cells that respond are from surrounding alveolar bone, this will result in:

A

Ankylosis

40
Q

If the injury is slight, & the responding cells are from the PDL (undifferentiated cells) these cells have the potential to _____ involved in tooth support & the ____ will be restored

A

Regenerate all tissues; PDL

41
Q

The _____ response is similar to the trauma response of the PDL

A

Wound healing

42
Q

Role of PDL in wound healing:

In the first step of wound healing ______ cells migrate into the area as ____ & _____ remove damaged tissue.

A

Undifferentiated cells
Macrophages & PMN;s

43
Q

Role of PDL in wound healing:

In the second step of wound healing _____ and/or _____ replace the damaged tissue.

A

Fibroblasts and/or osteoblasts

44
Q

Role of PDL in wound healing:

In the third step of wound healing, a _____ cell response is usually present, in which _____ & ____ are release- this inflammatory response helps the necessary cells reach their target.

A

Mast cell
Heparin & histamine

45
Q

A surgical technique of regenerating the periodontal attachment apparatus on periodontally involves teeth, which uses the differentiation of mesenchymal cells in the interstitial spaces of the PDL & the marrow spaces of adjacent alveolar bone

A

Guided tissue regeneration

46
Q

In guided tissue regeneration, the membrane excludes _____ from the deeper part of the wound, and allows only cells from the existing _____ to repopulate the wound

A

Gingival epithelial tissues
PDL

47
Q

Remains of Hetwig’s Root sheath- duct-like appearance with an unknown purpose:

A

Epithelial rests of malassez

48
Q

_____ are most prevalent in the apical areas of adolescents & may have some effect on cementogenesis

A

Epithelial rests of Malassez

49
Q

Cyst that typically occurs along the lateral root surface, it is believed to arise from the epithelial rests (epithelial rests of Malassez in the PDL), when stimulated. Treatment consists of surgical removal:

A

Lateral periodontal cyst

50
Q

Cyst derived from odontogenic epithelium located in the connective tissues of the gingiva known as the epithelial rests of Serres:

A

Gingival cyst

51
Q

The gingival cyst is derived from odontogenic epithelium located in the connective tissues of the gingicva known as:

A

Epithelial rests of Serres

52
Q

Results in compression of the PDL on the side of the root corresponding to the direction of movement. Compression of the PDL results in loss of principle fiber orientation & resorption of adjacent bone:

A

Orthodontic tooth movement

53
Q

The PDL on the tooth root opposite the compression side is characterized by tension or stretching of the PDL principle fibers. Controlled tension results in bone apposition:

A

Orthodontic movement

54
Q

Controlled tension of the PDL results in:

A

Bone apposition

55
Q

The direction direction of tooth movement is (the same/opposite) of the compression or tension

A

The same

56
Q

Excessive functional stresses placed on a tooth by an antagonist (or removable prosthesis) that exceeds the limits of physiologic adaptation

A

Trauma from occlusion

57
Q
  • Resorption of alveolar bone parallel to the long axis of the root
  • A PDL that is wider than normal average width
  • Tooth mobility

These are all characteristics of:

A

Trauma from tooth occlusion

58
Q

A tooth with no occlusal antagonist will exhibit:

A

Disuse atrophy

59
Q
  • A significant decrease in density of bony trabeculae
  • Decreased width of PDL
  • Loss of orientation of the principle fibers of the PDL
  • Increased volume of the bone marrow space

These are all characteristics of:

A

Disuse atrophy

Histopathology (15 decks)

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