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Grade 9 Music > Exam Review > Flashcards

Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

Define: Legato

A

played smoothly

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2
Q

Define: Staccato

A

played short and detached

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3
Q

Define: Dolce

A

played sweetly

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4
Q

Define: Crescendo

A

Gradually gets louder

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5
Q

Define: Piano

A

played softly/ quiet

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6
Q

Define: Fine

A

the end

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7
Q

Define: Pitch

A

involves melody and harmony to create the highness or lowness of a sound

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8
Q

Define: Timbre

A

the characteristic tone colour of an instrument or voice

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9
Q

Define: Brass Quintet

A

Group of 5 brass players- 2 trumpets, 1 trombone, 1 tuba, 1 French horn

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10
Q

Define: Disjunct

A

moves by leaps

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11
Q

Define: Graphic Notation

A

a way of writing music where the traditional staffs are not used

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12
Q

Define: ABA Form

A

a 3 part form that involves contrast and repetition

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13
Q

Define: Fugue

A

a very complex round

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14
Q

Define: Tierce de Picardie

A

a major chord at the end of a minor piece

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15
Q

Define: Sequence

A

melodic fragment repeated at a higher or lower pitch

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16
Q

Define: Program Music

A

music that creates a picture in the mind of the listener

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17
Q

Define: Texture

A

the number of rhythmic layers

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18
Q

Define: Tempo

A

the speed of the music

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19
Q

Define: Rhythm

A

Involves time with music. This involves tempo, meter, note duration and beat to create patterns of beat and time in music.

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20
Q

Define: Pedal Point

A

a long held note in the bass section

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21
Q

Define: Ostinato

A

repeated rhythmic pattern

22
Q

What are the 8 main pieces covered on class?

A
  1. Young Persons Guide to the Orchestra
  2. Bolero
  3. New World Symphony- Second Movement
  4. The Old Castle
  5. Epitaph for Moonlight
  6. Canon from Picnic Suite
  7. Little Fugue in G Minor
  8. Ionisation
23
Q

Who is the composer and what is the form of Young Persons Guide to the Orchestra?

A

Composer: Benjamin Britten
Form: Theme and Variations/fugue

24
Q

What are the musical elements and purpose of Young Persons Guide to the Orchestra?

A
  • Purpose: introduce students to the families of instruments of the orchestra including many percussion instruments
  • The full orchestra plays followed by each of the instrument families, then full orchestra plays. Then solo instruments play from each family from highest to lowest. The fugue uses instruments in score order
  • instruments play from high to low
25
Q

What is the composer and form of Bolero?

A

Composer: Maurice Ravel
Form: bolero is a Spanish dance/ repetition of melody

26
Q

What are the muscial elements of Bolero?

A
  • the repeated melody is smooth, flowing and conjunct
  • The snare drum plays a rhythmic ostinato (repeated rhythmic pattern) throughout. The low strings accompany with pizzicato
  • Timbres of instruments are “blurred” as Ravel experiments with instruments in different ranges
27
Q

What is the order of the instruments in Bolero?

A
  1. Flute in low range
  2. Clarinet in medium range
  3. Bassoon in high range
  4. Soprano clarinet in medium range
  5. Low oboe d’amore in medium range
  6. Flute and muted trumpet
  7. Tenor Saxophone
28
Q

What is the composer and form of Epitaph for Moonlight?

A

Composer: Murray Schafer
Form: SATB with metallic percussion

29
Q

What are the musical elements of Epitaph for Moonlight?

A
  • Timbre- metallic percussion and SATB choir (soprano, alto, tenor, bass), whispering, glissando (slurs), tone clusters
  • Graphic notation allows for many effects that could not be written in standard notation and allows for chance and some improvisation
  • Texture and Dynamics are extreme from very thin texture with very few voices to a thick texture with all voices and percussion; from very soft to very loud
  • Every time it is played, it is a little different
30
Q

What are the composer and form of Little Fugue in G Minor?

A

Composer: J.S. Bach
Form: Brass Quintet

31
Q

What are the musical elements of Little Fugue?

A
  • Disjunct melody (subject in the tonic and answer in the dominant), use of sequence, harmony is in minor with a major chord at the end (tierce de Picardie)
  • Pedal point in the tuba
  • Brass quintet- 2 trumpets, 1 trombone, 1 tuba, 1 French horn
  • Originally written for organ
32
Q

Draw the form of Little Fugue

A

See review sheet for answer

33
Q

What is the composer and form for The old castle?

A

Composer: Mussorgsky
Form: Program Music

34
Q

What are the musical elements of the old castle?

A
  • Program music is meant to create a picture in the mind of the listener
  • Orchestrated by Ravel from “Pictures at an Exposition”
  • Musical Elements:
  • Smooth flowing melody in a minor key is played by the alto saxophone accompanied by the full orchestra
  • The ostinato (repeated rhythmic pattern) is played by the bassoon and represents the heartbeat (6/8 time)
35
Q

What is the composer and form for ionisation?

A

Composer: Varese
Form: Free Form- “a study in tone colour and rhythm”

36
Q

What are the Musical elements of ionisation?

A
  • Pitch: percussion is grouped according to pitch
  • Definite Pitch (piano, celesta, tubular bells)
  • Indefinite Pitch ( castanets, tambourine, cow bell)
  • Continuous Pitch (gongs, low sire, sustained cymbal)
37
Q

What is the composer and form of Canon from Picnic Suite?

A

Composer: Claude Bolling
Form: ABA Form (know how to draw form)

38
Q

What are the musical elements of Canon?

A
  • ABA From:
  • A- traditional canon between flute, piano and guitar
  • B- jazz piano, bass, snare with brushes middle section
  • A- flue, piano, guitar accompanied by the bass and snare
  • Use of sequence
39
Q

Draw the form of Canon from Picnic Suite

A

See review sheet for answers

40
Q

What is the composer and form of New World Symphony- Second Movement?

A

Composer: Dvorak
Form: ABA Form

41
Q

What are the musical elements of New World Symphony?

A

A- Theme 1 with English horn solo
B- Theme 2 contrasting section
A- Theme 1 with English horn solo

42
Q

What are the 4 families of instruments?

A

Woodwinds, Percussion, Brass, Strings

43
Q

What are the Woodwind instruments from high to low?

A

Flute and piccolo
Oboe
Clarinet
Bassoon

44
Q

What are the Percussion Family instruments in any order?

A 
Timpani
Xylophone
Snare Drum
Bass Drum
Triangle
45
Q

What are the Brass family instruments from high to low?

A

Trumpet
French Horn
Trombone
Tuba

46
Q

What are the string family instruments from high to low?

A

Violin
Viola
Cello
Double Bass

47
Q

Draw the layout of the Orchestra

A

See review sheet for answers

48
Q

What is pitch made of? Define Each.

A

Melody- the main tune

Harmony- 2 or more notes at the same time

49
Q

What is rhythm made of? Define Each.

A

Tempo- the speed of the music
Meter- the key signature
Note Duration- the length of the notes
Beat- the main rhythmic pulse

50
Q

What is Timbre?

A

The characteristic tone colour of a voice or instrument

51
Q

What is intensity made of? Define Each.

A

Dynamics- the volume of the music

Texture- the number of rhythmic layers

Grade 9 Music (4 decks)

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