exam review unit 2

Question 1

What are the 5 things that show a chemical change

Answer 1

Oder, bubbles without heat, precipitate formed, colour change, heat release/ absorbed

Question 2

What does a triangle mean on top of an arrow

Answer 2

Heat

Question 3

What does an X with an arrow pointing down mean

Answer 3

Precipitate formed

Question 4

What does a x with a arrow up mean

Answer 4

Gas released

Question 5

What are catalysts

Answer 5

The symbols above an arrow, they have indirect actions like making a reaction go faster

Question 6

What does a metal oxide and water make

Answer 6

A base (MetalOH)

Question 7

What does a non metal oxide with water make

Answer 7

Oxyacids

Question 8

What does the decomposition of a metal carbonate make

Answer 8

Metal oxide and Carbon dioxide

Question 9

What does the decomposition of metal chlorates make

Answer 9

Metal oxide and oxygen

Question 10

What reactions would you need to check the activity series

Answer 10

Single displacment

Question 11

What is a neutralization reaction

Answer 11

Acid and base makes a salt and water

Question 12

What is a precipitation reaction

Answer 12

Two aqueous make a precipitate and a aqueous

Question 13

What is complete combustion reaction made of

Answer 13

CH + O makes CO2 + H2O

Question 14

What makes incomplete combustion

Answer 14

CH + O2 makes either water, CO2, Carbon or CO

Question 15

What happens when two aqueous solutions react

Answer 15

Cations of one solution attract and bond to the anions of the second solution to produce a precipitate reaction

Question 16

Describe what a complete combustion would look like

Answer 16

Very bright, blue flame, lots of energy released

Question 17

What would a incomplete combustion look like

Answer 17

Dangerous, orange flame, weak amt of energy released

Question 18

Why is it necessary to “neutralize” solutions? Why not just dilute them with more water?

Answer 18

eliminate hydrogen ions get get rid of its acidity, diluting won’t eliminate it bc it’s still toxic.

Question 19

How are carbonates used in neutralization situations?

Answer 19

Carbonate is a base and will neutralize acid. Acid + Carbonate makes water, carbon dioxide and an ionic compound

Question 20

How do antacids neutralize stomach acids

Answer 20

They are bases that are safe to consume to neutralize the stomach acid. A weaker base is preferred to not irritate the stomach

Question 21

How does neutralization help in baking

Answer 21

Leaveing products produced CO2 that is trapped in dough, to expand. Things like baking soda expands when mixed with an acid.

Question 22

What factors are taken into consideration when selecting reactants for a neutralization process?

Answer 22

Safety, reactant cost and chemical properties (if it will work they way it should)

Question 23

mining vs metallurgy

Answer 23

Mining is drilling deep into earth to reach ore. Metallurgy is separate and refine metals to process them into something useful

Question 24

How does one smelt

Answer 24

Heat it’s raw form with other chemicals, producing into a liquid, sinking to the bottom of the smelter and is separated.

Question 25

What are the main environmental concerns within the mining industry?

Answer 25

NaCN is used to extract gold, but it destroys wildlife because of its acidic oxide emissions when smelting

Question 26

What is remediation

Answer 26

To treat contaminated water to make it safe for use again

Question 27

What are the 4 remediation strategies to consider for contaminated soil?

Answer 27

1. Restrict land use 2. Cover contaminated soil 3. Excavate the entire site and replace it with clean soil 4. Treat the soil off site then return it

Question 28

What is physical remediation

Answer 28

Flushing out the soil to remove toxins

Question 29

What is chemical remediation

Answer 29

Using chemicals to convert it into its safe form

Question 30

What is bioremediation

Answer 30

Using organisms to treat affected area

Question 31

What is green chemistry

Answer 31

Minimal environmental impact with manufacturing processes with chemicals

Question 32

What does CO2 do in real world situations

Answer 32

Acidicfys water to make carbonic acid, just to decompose immediately

Question 33

What does SO2, SO3 and H2SO4 do in real world situations

Answer 33

Acid precipitation, SO2 is produced from burning fossil fuels and turns into SO3 when released in the air. It combines with humid environment to create acid rain.

Question 34

What does NO do in real world situations

Answer 34

Released from atmosphere to car exhaust due to heat making nitrogen and oxygen merge. When released into the air, it turns into NO2, then turns into nitrous acid when humid atmosphere combines with it.

Question 35

What is done to prevent NO being released from the exhaust

Answer 35

A coat of platinum, palladium or rhodium makes NO decompose into nitrogen gas and oxygen gas

Question 36

What does a metallic oxide plus water make ( in real life situation)

Answer 36

Metallic hydroxide and thermal energy

Question 37

What are two important industrial chemicals

Answer 37

Sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide

Question 38

Is a non metal oxide or metal oxide acidic or basic

Answer 38

Non metal is acidic, metal is a base

Question 39

what does a metal and a water make

Answer 39

base and hydrogen

Question 40

what does a non metal and water make

Answer 40

ionic compound and hydrogen

Question 41

what does H2CO3 turn into

Answer 41

H20 + CO2 (g)

Question 42

what does H2SO3 turn into

Answer 42

H20 + SO2 (g)

Question 43

what does NH4OH turn into

Answer 43

h20 +NH3 (g)