Exam Three Flashcards

Question

Intellectual Disability - Organic Causes

Answer 1

More prevalent at moderate, severe and profound levels of ID Clear cause

Answer 2

No obvious cause, sometimes another family member also has ID More prevalent in mild ID

Answer 3

Chromosomal abnormalities are the single most common cause of severe ID

Answer 4

Psychosocial: intensive, child focused, early intervention Optimal timing is preschool years Behavioral techniques

Answer 5

Reduce challenging behavior Enhance adaptive behavior

Answer 6

Repeated discharge of urine during the day or night, whether involuntary or intentional At least twice a week for three months or accompanied by significant distress in a child at least 5 years old

Answer 7

Deficiency of antidiuretic hormone Genetic predisposition Immature signaling mechanism

Answer 8

Urine alarm

Answer 9

The passage of feces into inappropriate places At least once per month for three months in a child at least 4 years old

Answer 10

Untreated constipation Abnormal defecation dynamics

Answer 11

Medical and behavioral approaches Use of fiber, enemas or laxatives to treat the constipation, followed by behavioral and biofeedback interventions to establish healthy elimination patterns

Answer 12

Use of fiber, enemas, or laxatives to treat the constipation, followed by behavioral and biofeedback interventions to establish healthy elimination patterns

Answer 13

Voluntary and repeated regurgitation of food or liquid

Answer 14

Eating inedible, non-nutritive substances for a period of at least one month Mostly very young children & those with ID

Answer 15

Excessive body fat Prevalence is increasing Childhood onset obesity is more likely to persist into adolescence and adulthood

Answer 16

Genetic predisposition Improper diet Unhealthy lifestyle Family influences

Answer 17

Proper nutrition and less sedentary lifestyle are recommended

Answer 18

Refusal to maintain minimally normal body weight Intense fear of gaining weight

Answer 19

Restricting: diet, fasting, or excessive exercise Binge-eating/purging: episodes of binge eating or purging, or both

Answer 20

Often retaining or even gaining of weight Primary symptom is recurrent binge eating followed by compensation

Answer 21

Purging: self-induced vomiting or misuse of laxatives or diuretics Non-purging: fasting, excessive exercise

Answer 22

Rare among adolescents Anorexia: 0.3% Bulimia: 0.9% Large number of adolescents show core symptoms of eating disorder Girls: 12% Boys: 2%

Answer 23

Between ages 14 and 18 After a stressful life event Fewer than 1/2 show full recovery, 1/5 continue on chronic course

Answer 24

Late adolescence During or after a period of restrictive dieting Follows a chronic course or occurs intermittently Between 50 to 75% show full recovery

Answer 25

Emphasis on valuing slim, young bodies Media, peers, and families transmit cultural messages

Answer 26

Minor role in precipitating anorexia and bulimia Major role in their maintenance ED run in families Imbalances of serotonin may be implicated

Answer 27

Affect disturbance is often comorbid with anorexia Bulimia associated with mood swings, poor impulse control, OCD behaviors, depression, anxiety, and substance abuse

Answer 28

Sometimes hospitalization Antidepressants and SSRI's may be helpful for Bulimia Anorexia generally less responsive to treatment Family considered most important resource Cognitive-behavioral treatment: cognitive distortion and loss of control over eating core of disorder Interpersonal therapy: problems involved in development and maintenance of eating disorders

Answer 29

Decreased concentration Decreased ability to inhibit or control basic drives, impulses, and emotions

Answer 30

REM sleep: highest brain activity New information is sorted and stored into memory Non-REM sleep: Quiet, slow and synchronized

Answer 31

Needs, patterns and problems change as children develop - Infants and toddlers: night waking problems Younger school-aged children: going to bed problems Adolescents: going to, staying, or having enough time to sleep

Answer 32

Disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep Night waking problems Falling Asleep problems Difficulty or staying asleep or not having enough time to sleep

Answer 33

Disorders in which behavioral or psychological events intrude upon ongoing sleep

Answer 34

Recurring, irresistible attacks of sleep that intrude upon wakefulness Accompanied by brief episodes of loss of muscle tone Rare among children and adolescents Appears to be an inherited neurological disorder

Answer 35

Sleep loss or disruption due to impaired breathing Obstructed sleep apnea syndrome is the most common form among children

Answer 36

Common in children ages 3 to 6 Affect 10 to 50% of children in that age group Occur during REM sleep Frequency and intensity often affected by stress.

Answer 37

3% of children Between ages 4 and 12 Occur during non-REM sleep Non-reactivity to external stimuli Difficulty being aroused Mental confusion when awakened Lack of memory for the event in the morning

Answer 38

Eyes are open and child leaves bed and walks around No later memory of episode 15% of children ages 5 to 12 have isolated incidents Occurs during non-REM sleep

Answer 39

Persists for more than three months or requires hospitalization for more than one month

Answer 40

10 to 20% of children (about 1/3 have moderate to severe conditions) Asthma is most common Suffer the most with social adjustment May demonstrate academic problems (absenteeism, fatigue, or psychological stress)

Answer 41

Body can't metabolize carbs because pancreas does not release enough insulin Life expectancy 1/3 less than normal

Answer 42

Sudden onset Often at a more advanced stage when first diagnosed Most common form is acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Answer 43

A person's ability to cope and adjust to chronic illness is a consequence of transactions (interactions) that occur between them and their environment

Exam Three Flashcards

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