Exam1

Question 1

Which is considered a project?

Answer 1

A temporary task undertaken to make a unique result.

Question 2

The hand over of the result is part of the closure phase. Correct or Incorrect?

Answer 2

Incorrect

Question 3

The project owner is responsible for the tasks in closure phase. Correct or Incorrect?

Answer 3

Correct.

Question 4

In a project where a product is ready to be delivered, acceptance tests are often performed before the handover. Correct or incorrect?

Answer 4

Correct.

Question 5

The project owner is responsible for planning the handover process. Correct or incorrect?

Answer 5

Correct.

Question 6

The hand-over-procedure is the same as acceptance-procedure. Correct or incorrect?

Answer 6

Incorrect

Question 7

Evaluation and assessment of the impact goals are not always part of closure phases. Correct or incorrect?

Answer 7

Correct.

Question 8

A pre-study may include different types of activities. Which three of the following activities will most likely be part of it? (3)

• Define the acceptance procedure with answers on what, how, when and who.
• Make a project plan.
• Invite those executing the project to a kick off meeting.
• Do a SWOT-analysis
• Do a WBS to estimate the resources needed.
• Perform a stakeholder analysis.

Answer 8

• Define the acceptance procedure with answers on what, how, when and who.
• Do a SWOT analysis
• Perform a stakeholder analysis

Question 9

Select the alternative with the correct planning order (from start to finish).

• MoSCoW-POMR-WBS-Gantt
• PBS-MoSCoW-Gantt-WBS
• WBS-MoSCoW-PERT-Gantt
• MoSCoW-WBS-Gantt-PERT
• MoSCoW-WBS-PERT-Gantt
• WBS-PBS-PERT-Gantt
• MoSCoW-WBS-PERT-PBS

Answer 9

MoSCoW, WBS, PERT, Gantt

Question 10

Risk analysis is primarily a support for the project manager as it provides a mental preparation for the possible risks and threats that may occur during the execution of the project. Correct or incorrect?

Answer 10

Correct

Question 11

Lack of competence within the project organization is considered as a T in the SWOT-analysis. Correct or incorrect?

Answer 11

Incorrect.

Question 12

The Maxi risk method uses an estimation of the consequences o the risks based on the three control parametres. Correct or incorrect?

Answer 12

Incorrect.

Question 13

The MoSCoW-analysis is one way of doing a risk analysis in the pre- study. Correct or incorrect?

Answer 13

Incorrect.

Question 14

Your company is preparing to start a product development project with the aim to launch a new product for companies in road and bridge constructions. The project will run for a period of two years. How do you assess following factors based on a SWOT-analysis.

• An worldwide economical recession is expected to occur during the year
• The company lacks infrastructure expertise
• Few other companies are working with this type of solution
• There are several projects within the company that have a higher priority

Answer 14

T: An worldwide economical recession is expected to occur during the year

W: The company lacks infrastructure expertise

O: Few other companies are working with this type of solution

W: There are several projects within the company that have a higher priority

Question 15

You are working in a project where the organisation wants to move forward to an agile way of working. Which two project lifecycles should be combined to create an Agile environment?

Answer 15

Iterative and Incremental lifecycles.

Question 16

Combine the description with the correct type of objective. (Impact goal | Product goal | Project goal)

• Answers the question “What is going to be delivered?”
• Answers the question “Why?”
• Almost the same as the purpose.
• The objective that is of least interest for the customer.

Answer 16

PRODUCT GOAL: Answers the question “What is going to be delivered?”

IMPACT GOAL: Answers the question “Why?”

PROJECT GOAL: Almost the same as the purpose.

PROJECT GOAL: The objective that is of least interest for the customer.

Question 17

A member in your project group is talking to you, while she is talking about the person representing a client, the body posture is calm, and the use of words are positive. She is describing how she is perceiving this person and draws the following illustration and says, “This is the way he is…”.

Select one:

• This illustration is communicating a big arena, which implies that this person is open with their ideas and needs when he or she meets new people.
• This illustration is communicating a big arena, which implies that this person is contributing to a low degree.
• This illustration is communicating a big hidden area and big blind spot, which implies that group members will find it difficult to get a grasp of them.
• This illustration is communicating that this person is feeling comfortable with receiving reactions on their ideas and behavior.
• This illustration is communicating a big blind spot, which implies that this person is unaware of how their behavior are influencing others.

Answer 17

• This illustration is communicating a big hidden area and big blind spot, which implies that group members will find it difficult to get a grasp of them.
• This illustration is communicating a big blind spot, which implies that this person is unaware of how their behavior are influencing others.

Question 18

According to Wheelan (2014), which statement is true concerning team?

• A team is a group of members who are working on a task.
• A team has effective methods to accomplish shared and established goals.
• A work group has effective method to accomplish shared and established goals.
• A work group has effective methods to accomplish goals

Answer 18

A team has effective methods to accomplish shared and established goals.

Question 19

You are working as a project manager with the responsibility for developing a new product. The six members of the project group involved are all from different departments within the organization and you are assigned to the project for five months. Some of them have not met before and the tasks are also challenging. You need to have a meeting once a week.
Which alternative (1) is the preferred leadership style in this situation?

• Transactional leadership theory, as this type of project requires low level of creativity.
• Delegating, as by now, great confidence has replaced insecurity and hesitation within the group.
• Pacesetting leadership style, as the overall goal of the project work, is to develop a product that will be a success on the market.
• Transformational leadership theory, as visualizing the goal, believing in the plan, and a feeling of contribution are central aspects while working on a project for a project member.

Answer 19

Transformational leadership theory, as visualizing the goal, believing in the plan, and a feeling of contribution are central aspects while working on a project for a project member.

Question 20

Match the statement with the correct corresponding culture (Time-Centered |Collectivistic |Relationship centered |Individualistic)

• Multi-tasking, commitment to people and human relations
• Equality and speak the truth
• Honor your parents, respect for traditions
• Does one thing at a time, shows respect for private property

Answer 20

Relationship centered: Multi-tasking, commitment to people and human relations

Individualistic: Equality and speak the truth

Collectivistic: Honor your parents, respect for traditions

Time- Centered: Does one thing at a time, shows respect for private property

Question 21

In the FIRO model William Schutz describes how the group can develop by three main phases and two shorter phases. Which of the alternatives are the correct order?

• Openess/Intimacy phase, Control, Joviality/rest, Idyll/rest, Inclusion
• Inclusion, Joviality/rest, Openess/intimacy phase, Idyll/rest, Control
• Inclusion, Joviality/rest, Control, Idyll/rest, Openess/intimacy phase
• Control, Joviality/rest, Inclusion, Idyll/rest, Openess/intimacy phase

Answer 21

Inclusion, Joviality/rest, Control, Idyll/rest, Openess/intimacy phase

Question 22

Match Wheelan’s IMGD model and its’ four stages with Paul Hersey’s situational leadership styles. Please match (Opposition and conflict | Affiliation and security | Work and productivity |Trust and structure)

• Selling leadership
• Telling leadership
• Delegating leadership
• Participating

remember:
Stage 1: Affiliation and security Stage 2: Opposition and conflict, Stage 3: Trust and structure, Stage 4: Work and productivity

Answer 22

Trust and structure: Selling leadership

Opposition and conflict: Telling leadership

Affiliation and security: Delegating leadership

Work and productivity: Participating

Question 23

Which two statements do NOT correspond to Bion’s theory of group behavior?

1. For the workgroup, the task is always in focus – the group works and wants to push the work forward.
2. A group constantly switches between the two conditions of ‘work group’ and ‘basic assumption’ group.
3. A characteristic of the fight/flight group is that there is no leader. The leader is instead someone who will come in the future and solve all problems. There is a positive atmosphere in the group, but beneath the surface there are conflicts that are not allowed to emerge.
4. The basic assumption of the dependent group is that they have come together to get the support of their leader on whom they depend. The group blindly trusts the leader to solve all problems and that they don’t have to take any responsibility
5. The basic assumption of the pairing group is that it has a real or imagined enemy that you either need to fight or run from. Instead of investigating the enemy, the group attacks or flees.

Answer 23

3 & 5

Question 24

The project group consists of the Project manager: Hans Bergman (MSc Industrial Engineering),
ergonomic expertise: Lena Andersson (Ph.D. Industrial Ergonomics), interior designer: Hannes
Smith (Msc Industrial Logistics), Project administrator: Peter Persson (BA Communication), and
Project accountant: Paul Jepson (BA accounting). The project’s scope is to develop a new
product category: ergonomic furniture for public space. At the start of the meeting, the project
manager wants the project members to deliver an update on the project’s progression. Lena
leans forward and takes a deep breath to start but is interrupted by Hans (he was not attentive to
her body language). Hans gives his update followed by Peter’s. Lena makes a second attempt
but is again interrupted. Toward the end of the round of updates, Hans looks at Lena and says:
“Yes, little Lena you can make a short update then.
What type of behavior can be identified in the case above?

Select one:

• The behavior is illustrating ‘no way to win’.
• The behavior is illustrating ‘objectification’.
• The behavior is ‘withholding of information’.
• The behavior is illustrating ‘ridiculing’.

Answer 24

• The behavior is illustrating ‘ridiculing’.

Question 25

Which three of the following statements concerning leadership theories are the best alternatives?

1. Key characteristics for a manager are establishing direction, aligning people and, motivating and inspiring co-workers.
2. “Great Man Theory” describe different bases of power.
3. According to Jansson and Ljung (2017), successful leadership have a great ability to pick up on and handle their own and other people’s emotions and thereby affect the follower’s attitudes and behavior.
4. Blake and Mouton’s Theory of Managerial Grid holds that there are two dimensions that a leader needs to be attentive to; concern for production, and concern for people. Leaders should always prioritize to have a high concern for people.
5. Three skills that are important to succeed as a leader are: technical, human and conceptual skills.
6. Hersey and Blanchard (1988), situational leadership, argues that leadership style should be adapted to the employee’s development level related to task and confidence.

Answer 25

2., 3. & 6.

Question 26

Which of the following statements are typical or best alternatives for a time-centered culture?

• Multi-tasking
• Regards time commitments more like an intention than a demand
• Lives to work
• Is committed to human relationships

Answer 26

• Multi-tasking
• Regards time commitments more like an intention than a demand

Question 27

Read the following statements that you find below. Decide which three of the following statements that are correct.

• Values are the moral compass that mirrors what is right or wrong, and which forms our opinions, attitudes and behaviors.
• Differences in upbringing comes from the fact that we think in fundamentally different ways - this is due to our different core values.
• We find it easier to adapt our behavior when the stress level is high.
• Our core values are easy to change.
• Knowledge about your own values and behaviors are needed to understand and influence the process of the group and other individuals’ behaviors.
• Derivative beliefs are difficult to be aware of. They are so deep rooted in us that we do not question them.

Answer 27

• Values are the moral compass that mirrors what is right or wrong, and which forms our opinions, attitudes and behaviors.
• Knowledge about your own values and behaviors are needed to understand and influence the process of the group and other individuals’ behaviors.
• Derivative beliefs are difficult to be aware of. They are so deep rooted in us that we do not question them.

Question 28

The project group consists of the project manager, Elizabeth Bergman (Msc Industrial Engineering), Lena Andersson (Ph.D. Industrial Ergonomics), Heather Smith (Msc Industrial Logistics), Project administrator, Peter Persson (BA Communication) and Project accountant Paul Jepson (BA accounting). The project’s scope is to develop a new product category: ergonomic furniture for public space. At the start of the meeting, the project manager wants the project administrator to share the latest update on the project. Peter looks at the project manager and says that when he was saving the documents online in the recently introduced software, something went wrong, and he doesn’t know which is the latest version and can’t deliver the update. The project manager says: Ok, so you need the newest version to provide the update (she is signaling to the group that this person has an unproductive work style). Peter tries to say something, but she infers and continues: hm (a tone of dislike), well, let’s move on to the next point. She looks around the table, and group members agree.
Which two the following statements is the best alternative?

• The project manager shows that a group norm has been violated when Peter can’t deliver the update.
• When the group quietly agrees upon an unwanted behavior, this can intensify the identification process among the other group members.
• When the problem occurs, the group is showing that a group norm is violated, the group is showing tolerance towards the low-status member.
• When the problem occurs, the project manager is not showing that a group norm is violated. When the group stays quiet, they risk stimulating an unwanted behavior.

Answer 28

• When the group quietly agrees upon an unwanted behavior, this can intensify the identification process among the other group members.
• When the problem occurs, the project manager is not showing that a group norm is violated. When the group stays quiet, they risk stimulating an unwanted behavior.

Question 29

Decide which of the following TWO statements that are incorrect:

• Effective feedback is given in the form of I-message, avoid generalizations such as “we” or “always”.
• Different ways of receiving feedback can be described as a stair, the higher up you move, the more beneficial will the way you receive feedback be. The different steps, in order, consist of: reject, defend, explain and understand/changed behavior.
• An important part of the I-message is that you express yourself without thinking, and that you start with saying what others have done, instead of how you have experienced a situation.
• Effective feedback is given after a number of days has passed for instance more than a week. It emphasises things that can’t be changed.
• An important part of I-message is that you express what you feel. If you only describe your thoughts and how your reasoning, you risk starting an argumentation of what is right or wrong.

Answer 29

• An important part of the I-message is that you express yourself without thinking, and that you start with saying what others have done, instead of how you have experienced a situation.
• Effective feedback is given after a number of days has passed for instance more than a week. It emphasises things that can’t be changed.

Question 30

A project group consists of seven members, the project’s scope is to revise the product portfolio to recycled materials. The project group has been working for two months full time. Still, no one is a formal project manager; instead, it is the technical expert in the group who informally has taken on the role of coordinating meetings and work.
Group members experience that there are quite a few things being unclear when it comes to routines in decision-making. This causes irritation among the members of the group. For instance, Patrick and Madelene have, during lunch, found a solution for a problem causing delay in delivery. Arriving at the office, they inform the group about the solution. Clas, Pär, and Karl, who are the ones actually responsible for supplier contacts, listen silently at the presentation of the solution. When asked they say, without enthusiasm, that they accept the solution. After the meeting Clas and Pär are annoyed and complain about the fact that the solution would mean increased costs.
Based on the above described situation, in what phase of the IMGD-model do you the place the group?

• Opposition and conflict
• Work and productivity
• Trust and structure
• Affiliation and security

Answer 30

Opposition and conflict

Question 31

Which of the following TWO statements corresponds to the assumption of the MBTI test?

• It is more beneficial to be an extrovert than an introvert
• People with different test scores and different emphases in the four factors tend to gravitate to each other and form effective project teams more quickly
• Shorter projects that don’t need full transparency or the most optimal solutions can work well with people with similar personality types
• In groups that only consist of people with very similar personality types, the group easily becomes too narrow to find innovative solutions or to make well-grounded decisions
• Groups that will work together for a shorter period of time can invest in a long establishment period
• The MBTI test measures the needs of individuals in a group

Answer 31

• People with different test scores and different emphases in the four factors tend to gravitate to each other and form effective project teams more quickly
• In groups that only consist of people with very similar personality types, the group easily becomes too narrow to find innovative solutions or to make well-grounded decisions

Question 32

You are a member of project group with the task to develop a new product. The six members of the project group involved are all from different departments within the organization and you are assigned for five months. Some of them have not met before and the tasks are also challenging. You are expected to participate in a project meeting once a week.
Which three types of individual behavior will facilitate the group development?
Select one or more alternatives:

• Ask for clarification in the process of interpreting the goals.
• Make a suggestion to postpone the nomination of a person to the project manager function.
• Invest time and resources into problem-solving and decision-making and execute it.
• By blaming others for a problem that is related to the group.
• Nurture a balance between task communication and supportive communication
• Accept norms where formal decision are made during informal activities such as ‘fika’ (coffee break).

Answer 32

• Ask for clarification in the process of interpreting the goals.
• Make a suggestion to postpone the nomination of a person to the project manager function.
• Nurture a balance between task communication and supportive communication

Question 33

Match:

Concurrent engineering, Back-loaded project, Back-casting, Sequential planning, Milestone planning

with:

• A planning method used when one activity has to be completed before next activity starts
• A planning method used in product development to shorten the project time
• A planning method starting from the end.
• A planned project where the major time- or resource- consuming activities are at the end of the project.
• A planning method with junctions in the flow, used to follow up the progress of the project.

Answer 33

-SEQUENTIAL PLANNING: A planning method used when one activity has to be completed before next activity starts
-CONCURRENT ENGINEERING: A planning method used in product development to shorten the project time
-BACK-CASTING: A planning method starting from the end.
-BACK-LOADED PROJECT: A planned project where the major time- or resource- consuming activities are at the end of the project.
-MILESTONE PLANNING: A planning method with junctions in the flow, used to follow up the progress of the project.