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Anatomy > Exam3Lec3Scalp,Face,andHead > Flashcards

Exam3Lec3Scalp,Face,andHead Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the scalp superficial to deep?

A

Skin=hair, sweat, sebaceous (oil) glands
Connective Tissue=subcutaneous layer
Aponeurosis= tendinous sheath
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium=periosteum (membranous tissue)

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2
Q

What is the musculature of the scalp?

A

Occipitofrontalis=in aponeurosis layer
Occipital belly-retracts the scalp
Frontalis belly-protracts the scalp

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3
Q

What is the arterial supply of the scalp?

A

Internal carotid artery brs.
opthalmic artery–> supratrochlear + subraorbital artery

External carotid artery brs.
superficial temporal artery
posterior auricular artery
occipital artery

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4
Q

What drains the scalp?

A

diploic veins in the diploe (spongy bone)

low yield

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5
Q

What are the muscles of the mouth?

A

orbicularis oris, buccinator, lip elevators, lip depressors

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6
Q

What is the orbicularis oris muscle? What is its action?

A

surrounds the entire mouth above and below the lips
Action: forming sounds for speech

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7
Q

What is the buccinator muscle?

A

Deep to the masseter m & penetrated by the parotid duct (HIGH YIELD)

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8
Q

What is the PA, DA, and action of the buccinator?

low yield, excpet action

A

PA: alveolar process
DA: pterygomandibular raphe
Action: keeps the cheek taut

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9
Q

What are the lip elevators?

A
  1. levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
  2. levator labii superioris
  3. levator anguli oris (levatate corners of mouth)
  4. risorius (straight smile)
  5. zygomaticus major & minor
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10
Q

What are the lip depressors?

A
  1. depressor anguli
  2. mentalis
  3. depressor labii inferioris
  4. platysma
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11
Q

What does orbit mean?

A

bony cavity housing the eyball

“eye socket”

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12
Q

What are the muscles are the orbit?

A

orbicularis oculi, muscles acting on the eyebrows, muscles acting on the nose

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13
Q

What are the three parts of the orbicularis oculi?

A
  1. orbital part-closes eyelides (tightly)
  2. Palpebral part-closes eyelids
  3. Lacrimal part-pulls eyelid medially
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14
Q

What are the muscles acting on the eybrows?

A

Depressor Supercilii
Corrugator Supercilii
Procerus

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15
Q

What are the muscles acting on the nose?

A

Nasalis-flares nostrils
Depressor Septi Nasi-depresses nostrils
Procerus

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the face?

A

facial nerve (CNVII=7)

has 5 branches

facial nerve innervates stylohyoid + post belly of digastric

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17
Q

What are the branches of the Facial nerve CNVII=7?

A

Temporal, zygomatic, buccal,marginal mandibular, cervical

“This Zone Basically Makes Me Cry”

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18
Q

What muscles does the temporal branch innervate?

A

occipitofrontalis m–frontal portion =frontal belly
orbicularis oculi m..

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19
Q

What muscles does the zygomatic branch innervate?

A

zygomatic m.
levator labii superioris m.
orbicularis oculi m.

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20
Q

What muscles does the buccal branch innervate?

A

levator labii superioris m.
orbicularis oculi m.

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21
Q

What muscles does the marginal mandibular branch innervate?

A

risorius m.
depressor labii inferioris m.
mentalis m.

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22
Q

What muscles does the cervical branch innervate?

A

platysma m.

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23
Q

What is the vascularization of the face?

A

External carotid artery (5 branches)
Venous drainage: internal jugular vein (IJV)-low yield
Lymphatic drainage: sentinel lymph nodes-low yield

has 5 branches

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24
Q

What are the branches of the external carotid artery for face vascularization?

A

facial artery, superficial temporal artery, maxillary artery, posterior auricular artery, occipital artery

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25
What does the superficial temporal artery branch off into?
Branches off into transverse facial artery
26
What does the maxillary artery branches off into?
Branches off into superior and inferior alveolar & buccal arteries ## Footnote "Max Always Bites"
27
What are salivary glands? Name them all
secrete saliva into oral cavity parotid gland submandibular gland sublingual gland PSS I have a secret Saliva!!
28
What is the location and innervation parotid gland?
pierces buccinator m @ 2nd molar (know this) Location: b/w the mandible (jaw) +SCM Innervation (parasymp): glossopharyngeal n. (CN IX=9)
29
What is the location and innervation of the submandibular gland?
Location: under the tongue--> shoots saliva ("gleeking") Innervation (parasymp): facial nerve (CNVII=7)
30
What is the location and innervation sublingual gland?
Location: under the sublingual fold Innervation (parasymp): facial nerve (CNXII=7)
31
What are the parotid and submandibular glands covered by?
Covered by the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia. ## Footnote
32
What are the muscles of mastication of the face?
Temporalis: covers temporal bone Masseter: coverers buccinator Medial pterygoid Lateral pterygoid Talk Mean Me Like Terry
33
What muscles of mastication closes the mouth?
Temporalis Masseter Medial pterygoid ## Footnote strong muscles close jaw-- strongest=masseter
34
What muscles of mastication opens the mouth?
lateral pterygoid ## Footnote weak muscles open jaw--> b/c gravity pulls the jaw down
35
_______ depresses the mandible which opens the mouth
digastric
36
What is the innervation of the muscles of mastication?
Trigeminal n. (CNV=5)--> mandibular br. (CNV-3)
37
What is the innervation of the "deep" face?
Trigeminal n. (CNV=5) | has 3 branches ## Footnote Opthalmic branch (CN V1), Maxillary branch (CN V2), Mandibular branch (CN V3)
38
What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve?
Opthalmic branch (CN V-1) Maxillary Branch (CNV-2) Mandibular Branch (CN V-3)
39
The Opthalamic branch gives off what nerves? | CN V-1
Supra-orbital Supra-trochlear Infra-trochlear External nasal Lacrimal
40
The maxilllary branch gives off what nerves? | CN V-2
Zygomatico-temperal Zygomatico-facial Infra-orbital
41
The mandibular branch gives off what nerves? | CN V-3
Auriculotemporal Buccal Mental ## Footnote innervates the muscles of mastication
42
What is the definition of sinuses in the nasal cavity?
spaces in the bone surrounding nasal cavity. Produce mucus that drains into the nasal cavity
43
What are the sinuses of the nasal cavity?
frontal sinus, ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, maxillary sinus
44
What is the location and drainage of the frontal sinus?
Location: above the inner eye + eyebrow area Drainage: ethmoidal infundibulum--> semilunar hiatus
45
What is the the location and drainage of the ethmoid sinus?
Location: above the nose and between the eyes Drainage: * anterior: middle meatus * middle: middle meatus * posterior: superior meatus
46
What is the location and drainage of the sphenoid sinus?
Location: behind the ethmoid sinus Drainage: sphenoethmoidal recess
47
What is the location and drainage of the maxillary sinus?
Location: below the eyes (near the cheek area) Drainage: maxillary ostium--> **middle meatus**
48
What is the concha of the nasal cavity?
* bony structures in nasal cavity wall * sup./mid./inf. concha--> incr the surface area * functions to moisturize +warm the air passing through
49
What is the semilinar hiatus of the nasal cavity?
* groove in nasal cavity wall * functions to drain most sinuses (ex: frontal sinus)
50
What is the choanae of the nasal cavity?
opening b/w nasal cavity and nasopharynx Location: posterior to the nostrils Functions to connect nasal cavity to the pharynx chonae=connect
51
What is the torus tubarius of the nasal cavity?
opening b/w ear and nasopharynx functions to repressurize the ear
52
What is the soft palate of the oral cavity?
roof of the mouth (muscular part) covered by palatal aponeurosis--> supports the muscles Muscles: * Levator palati-elevates soft palate * Tensor palati-tenses soft palate
53
What is the arterial supply of the oral cavity?
External carotid artery brs. Lingual artery (branches into deep lingual artery and sublingual artery)
54
What is the venous drainage of the oral cavity?
Lingual vein
55
What is the innervation of the oral cavity?
lingual n + hypoglossal n (CNXII =12) ## Footnote lingual n. is a branch off trigeminal n. (CN V-3)
56
What two types of muscles do we have for the tongue muscles?
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Muscles
57
What are the extrinsic muscles of tongue?
Connect outide of the tongue 1. Geniohlossus 2. Hyoglossus 3. Styloglossus 4. Palatoglossus ## Footnote Get High Stay Perfect
58
Which extrinsic muscles are innervated by the hypoglossal n (CN XII=12)?
Genioglossus Hyoglossus Styloglossus
59
Which extrinsic musces are innervated by the vagus n (CN X=10)?
Palatoglossus
60
What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue? ## Footnote Very low yield
connect inside of tongue Superior longitudinal muscle=site of taste buds inferior longitudinal muscle transverse muscle vertical muscle
61
What is the PA,DA, Inn, and Actions of the Genioglossus m.?
largest tongue m. PA: sup. mental tubercle DA: hyoid body and tongue Innervation: hypoglossal n (CNXII=12) Actions: protrude the tongue + depress the center of it
62
What is the PA,DA, Inn, and Actions of the Hypoglossus m.?
PA: greater horn + body of the hyoid bone DA: lateral tongue Innervation: hypoglossal n. (CNXII=12) Actions: depression of lateral tongue
63
What is the PA,DA, Inn, and Actions of the Styloglossus m.?
PA: styloid process DA: lateral tongue Innervation: hypoglossal n. (CNXII=12) Actions: elevate + retract the tongue ## Footnote helps with chewing and swallowing and pushing food along
64
What is the PA,DA, Inn, and Actions of the Palatoglossus m.?
PA: inf. palatal aponeurosis DA:lateral tongue Innervation: vagus n. (CNX=10) Actions: depress the (soft) palate + elevate post. tongue ## Footnote helps with chewing and swallowing and pushing food along
65
What is this arrow pointing to?
Orbicularis oris
66
What is this arrow pointing to?
Zygomaticus Major
67
What is this arrow pointing to?
Levator anguli oris
68
What is this arrow pointing to?
Buccinator
69
What is this arrow pointing to?
Zygomaticus minor | low yield photo
70
What is this arrow pointing to?
Risorius
71
What is this arrow pointing to?
Levator Labii superioris alaequae nasi
72
What is this arrow pointing to?
Levator Labii Superioris
73
What is this arrow pointing to?
Platysma
74
What is this arrow pointing to?
Depressor Anguli oris
75
What is this arrow pointing to?
Depressor Labii inferioris
76
What is this arrow pointing to?
Mentalis
77
What is this arrow pointing to?
Orbicularis Oris
78
What is this arrow pointing to?
Buccinator
79
What is this arrow pointing to?
orbicularis oculi | low yield photo
80
What is this arrow pointing to?
orbital part | low yield photo
81
What is this arrow pointing to?
palpebral part | low yield photo
82
What is this arrow pointing to?
Corrugator supercilli | low yield photo
83
What is this arrow pointing to?
Procerus | low yield photo
84
What is this arrow pointing to?
Depressor supercilli | low yield photo
85
What is this structure?
Temporalis | high yield
86
What is this structure?
Masseter | high yield
87
What is this structure?
Lateral Pterygoid muscle | high yield
88
What is this structure?
Medial pterygoid muscle | high yield
89
What is this structure?
Hyoglossus
90
What is this structure?
Styloglossus
91
What is this stucture?
Genioglossus
92
What are these structures?
superior, middle, and inferior concha

Anatomy (13 decks)

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