Excretory System

Question 1

Catabolism

Answer 1

Breaking Down

Question 2

Anabolism

Answer 2

Building Up

Question 3

Nitrogenous Waste

Answer 3

Builds Up In Blood Filtered Out By Kindeys For You To Survive

Question 4

Urea

Answer 4

Major Component Of Urine Gives It Yellow Color
O
||
C
/ \
H2N NH2
By Product Of Breaking Down Amino Acids In The Liver

Question 5

Nephron

Answer 5

Cells In Kidney

Question 6

Filtration

Answer 6

From Blood To The Kidney
Happens At The Junction Of Glomerulus + BowMan’S Capsule
When blood passes through the kidney and nephrons filter out the wastes

Question 7

Filtrate

Answer 7

Pre Pre-Urine
Small Things That Get Into Kidney
Water
Vitamins/Minerals
Urea
Sugar

Question 8

Small Things That Get Through Into Kidney

Answer 8

Water
Vitamins/Minerals
Urea
Sugar

Question 9

Big Things That DON’T Get Through To Kidney

Answer 9

Cells

Large Proteins

Question 10

ReAbsorption

Answer 10

From Kidney Back Into Blood
Sugar; Water; Vitamins And Minerals Get ReAbsorbed Back Into Blood
Happens In PCT + Loop Of Henle
When body takes back/sucks up nutrients after filtration

Question 11

Secretion

Answer 11

DCT (Distal Convoluted Tubule)
Body Dumps Excess Waste Right Into back of nephron Nephron DCT
Drugs, Urea
So that they don’t get ReAbsorbed

Question 12

Excretory Physiology

Answer 12

Filtration
ReAbsorption
Secretion

Question 13

Kidneys

Answer 13

Two Big Bean Shaped Things That Filter Out Body Waste. Can Survive 72 Hours Without Any

Question 14

Ureter

Answer 14

Tunes That Connect Kidneys To Urethra

Question 15

Urethra

Answer 15

Pee Thing

Question 16

Waste Chemicals From BloodStream Include

Answer 16

Urea
Uric Acid
Creatine

Question 17

Uric Acid

Answer 17

Comes From The BreakDown Of Certain Nucleotides Buildup Can Cause Arthritis In Bone Joints

Question 18

Creatine

Answer 18

After ReCharging ATP In Muscles

Question 19

Which Substances InHibit ReAbsorption Of H2O? what Effect Does This Have?

Answer 19

Caffeine And Alchohol Decreases Water ReAbsorption H2O Gets Urinated Out

Question 20

Urinary System Helps Maintain

Answer 20

Salt/Water Balance
Blood Pressure
Acid/Base Balance

Question 21

Nephron Structure

Answer 21

BowMan’S Capsule, Glomerulus, Renal Proximal And Distal Tubules, Collecting Tubule

Question 22

Renal Arteries Renal Veins

Answer 22

Blood from the systemic circuit flows into each kidney through the renal arteries, leaves via the renal veins

Question 23

Renal Pelvis

Answer 23

Renal Pelvis is central/inner cavities where newly formed urine drains. Ureters connect to them

Question 24

More About Nephronss

Answer 24

Nephrons are, which carry out filtration, consist of interwoven capillary beds and convoluted tubules, close enough that active transport and diffusion can occur

Question 25

Glomerulus

Answer 25

Glomerulus is a brain-like bundle of capillaries It is surrounded by Bowman’s capsule (a hollow capsule) This is like a baseball in a mitt

Question 26

BowMan'S Capsule

Answer 26

Surrounds Glomerulus It is surrounded by Bowman’s capsule (a hollow capsule) This is like a baseball in a mitt

Question 27

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

Answer 27

H24 and other chemicals in the blood leave (via pressure/diffusion) the capillary and enter the BowMan'S capsule, flowing into the proximal convoluted tubule

Question 28

Distal Convoluted Tubule

Answer 28

The same capillaries extend to surround the tubule, allowing molecules to be brought back into the blood, all the way until the distal convoluted tubule; remaining is urine

Question 29

Collecting Tubule

Answer 29

Many collecting tubules carry urine to the renal pelvis

Question 30

How Many Nephrons Are There Per Kidney

Answer 30

Many collecting tubules carry urine to the renal pelvis

Question 31

How It Works

Answer 31

Glomerular filtration occurs when blood enters the glomerulus and the afferent arteriole. Blood in the glomerulus has two portions: the filterable components, and the non filterable components. Due to glomerul blood pressure, water and small molecules are pushed from the the glomeruli to the inside the Bowman’s capsule. This is a filtration process because large molecules and formed elements are able to pass through the capillary wall. If the composition of urine was the same as that of glomerular filtrate, we would constantly be losing water, salts, and nutrients. This doesn’t happen because the composition of the original filtrate is altered significantly as fluid passes through the remainder of the tubule. As said earlier, they are reabsorbed into the blood as they pass through the proximal convoluted tubule

Question 32

Function Of Ureters

Answer 32

The Ureters (muscular tubes; use peristalsis) carry newly formed urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Question 33

Function Of Bladder

Answer 33

The bladder (a pouch of smooth muscle tissue) has 3 openings; two entry points and urethral opening

Question 34

Proximal

Answer 34

Situated nearer to the center of the body or the point of attachment

Question 35

Distal

Answer 35

Situated away from the center of the body or from the point of attachment

Question 36

Superior

Answer 36

Further above or out; higher in position

Question 37

Inferior

Answer 37

Low or lower in position