Exercise Physiology Flashcards
(32 cards)
Which energy system uses stored phosphagens as the substrate?
ATP-PCr energy system
Which substrate does the ATP-PCr energy system use?
Stored Phosphagens
Which energy system uses glycogen and glucose, but not fats or proteins, as the substrate?
Glycolytic energy system
Which energy system uses glycogen, glucose, fats, and proteins as the substrate?
Aerobic Metabolic energy system
Which substrate does the Glycolytic energy system use?
Glycogen and Glucose, not fats or proteins
Which substrate does the Aerobic Metabolic energy system use?
Glycogen, Glucose, Fats, and Proteins
How is phosphate bond energy aquired?
ATP -> ADP + P + Energy
How does the PCr energy system create ATP?
PCr + ADP -> Cr + ATP
What is the Adenylate kinase reaction?
2ADP -> 1 ATP + 1 AMP
Definition:
What is Biological Burning?
Definition:
The removal of electrons from hydrogen (oxidation), passed to oxygen (reduction)
Definition:
Electron Transport
Definition:
Catalysis by dehydrogenase enzymes
NAD, FAD
Definition:
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Definition:
The transfer of electrons from NADH2 and FADH2 to Oxygen
What are the three primary antioxidant systems?
Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Catalase Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx)
What does Superoxide Dismutase do?
Dismutation of Superoxide (ROS) to H2O2 and oxygen
What does Catalase do?
Converts H2O2 to water and oxygen
What does GPx do?
Uses reduced glutathione to reduce H2O2 to oxidized glutathione and water
What is the enzymatic pathway for detoxification of ROS?
ROS + H2O -> (SOD) -> H2O2 + O2
H2O2 -> (Catalase & GPx) -> H20 + O2
How are free radicals produced?
2-5% of all oxygen consumed in the mitochondria forms free radicals
What are the three steps of energy transfer and exercise?
Glycolysis
Lactic Acid System
Recovery from Exercise
What is the rate limiting step of glycolysis?
Conversion of F6P to F-1,6-BiP, catalyzed by PFK
Definition:
Blood Lactate Threshold
Definition:
Highest Oxygen Consumption with less than 1.0mM/L increase in Blood Lactate Accumulation
Definition:
Onset Blood Lactate Accumulation
Definition:
A systematic increase to 4.0mM/L
What is the role of Sodium Bicarbonate in athletic performance?
NaHCO3 acts as a buffer to counter acidity from Lactate accumulation
What is the recommended starting dose for Sodium Bicarbonate?
0.2-0.4g/kg of body weight
1-2hrs pre-exercise
in flavored water or capsules
