Exp. 5

Question 1

(if sample is plant) – done by mechanical disruption through crushing or blending

Answer 1

Breaking of cell wall

Question 2

Breaking of cell membrane to expose organelles – done by adding the____________ which is an amphipathic substance

Answer 2

dishwashing liquid

Question 3

The long hydrocarbon tail of ________ breaks the lipid bilayer of cell membrane while the _______ polar head is attracted to the water

Answer 3

soap

Question 4

binds to the negatively charges phosphate end of the DNA chain to protect the chain as well as increases the separation of DNA from the hydrophobic layer

Answer 4

Salt

Question 5

removes cellular debris from the sample

Answer 5

Filtration

Question 6

Precipitation with cold alcohol

▪ DNA becomes_______ in water in the presence of salt and alcohol (more polar)

Answer 6

insoluble

Question 7

DNA is more soluble to______ than_____ (because it is more polar),

Answer 7

alcohol

water

Question 8

Sugar + Nitrogen Base

Answer 8

Nucleoside

Question 9

Bonds between sugar ang base

Answer 9

Glycosidic bonds

Question 10

Bonds between sugar + phosphate

Answer 10

Phosphodiester bonds

Question 11

• removes the lipids and push DNA to the salt solution

Answer 11

dishwashing liquid

Question 12

• increases separation of negatively of DNA from hydrophobic layer; aggregates DNA

Answer 12

sodium chloride

Question 13

– promotes aggregation of DNA and wash the DNA from the salt

Answer 13

Add cold ethanol

Question 14

Nucleotide is composed of

Answer 14

base
sugar
phosphate group

Question 15

joins the base and the sugar

Answer 15

Glycosidic bond

Question 16

joins the phosphate and sugar group

Answer 16

phosphodiester bond

Question 17

The nucleotide chain is joined together by

Answer 17

phosphodiester bond

Question 18

break down of glycosidic bonds only if pH ______

Answer 18

> 3

Depurination

Question 19

Products are purine base and deoxyribose with phosphate group

Answer 19

Depurination

Question 20

break down of glycosidic bond with phosphodiester bond if pH____ plus____

Answer 20

< 2 + heat

Total breakdown

Question 21

Extremely low pH hydrolyses DNA________

Answer 21

completely

Question 22

Products are phosphate group, the purine or pyrimidine base, and deoxyribose

Answer 22

Total breakdown

Question 23

T or F | it is easy to attack the glycosidic bond than the phosphodiester bond

Answer 23

True!

Question 24

Test for the deoxyribose in DNA

Answer 24

Dische Diphenylamine Test

Question 25

Dische Diphenylamine Test reagents

Answer 25

diphenylamine, Sulfuric acid (2)

Question 26

Dische Diphenylamine Test positive results

Answer 26

light blue to blue solution depending on the amount of DNA

Question 27

Dische Diphenylamine Test HYDROLYZED UNHYDROLYZED

Answer 27

BRIGHT BLUE (+) BROWNISH BLUE (+)

Question 28

Test for reducing sugar

Answer 28

FEHLING'S Test

Question 29

Reagents: Fehling's A: Fehling's B:

Answer 29

Copper sulfate solution aqueous potassium sodium tartrate sodium hydroxide

Question 30

Positive result: formation of brick red precipitate

Answer 30

FEHLING'S Test

Question 31

is more sensitive to RIBOSE Test for pentoses

Answer 31

Bial’s Test

Question 32

Bial’s test reagents

Answer 32

Orcinol hydrochloric acid FeCl3

Question 33

Bial’s test Positive result

Answer 33

Blue or green solution

Question 34

Test for the presence of Adenine and Guanine

Answer 34

Test for Purine Bases

Question 35

will tell if successfully na remove ang purine (AG) during hydrolysis

Answer 35

Test for Purine Bases

Question 36

Test for Purine Bases reagents

Answer 36

Silver Nitrate Ammonium Hydroxide

Question 37

In test for purine bases, _______ in ammoniacal solution precipitates purine bases reacting to the nitrogen of purine base

Answer 37

Silver ion

Question 38

Positive result: gelatinous white precipitate

Answer 38

Test for Purine Bases

Question 39

Phosphate Test reagents

Answer 39

Ammonium hydroxide nitric acid ammonium molybdate

Question 40

Positive result: Yellow precipitate

Answer 40

Phosphate Test

Question 41

(NH4)3PMo12O40 6H2O

Answer 41

Ammonium phosphomolybdate ____