Experiments

Question 1

Lab experiments description

Answer 1

•Conducted in tightly controlled setting with controlled variables
•Conducted in an artificial setting

Question 2

Advantages of lab experiments

Answer 2

•Controlled variables so higher validity
•experimenters can repeat the study due to controlled setting and so reliability increases
•Can show cause and effect as you know what has changed (IV) and so that would have effected result (DV)

Question 3

disadvantages of lab experiments

Answer 3

•Controlled artificial setting so lacks ecological validity and can’t be generalised to real life
•Participants are aware they are in experiment so may show demand characteristics (guess aim on experiment) which lowers the reliability and validity of the experiment

Question 4

Feild experiment description

Answer 4

•Research is conducted in real world in a natural setting
•IV is still controlled but extraneous variables can’t be controlled (outer not relevant sources)

Question 5

Feild experiment advantages

Answer 5

•Conducted in real world so higher ecological validity so more reliable
•Can show cause and effect as IV is still controlled and directly changed
•Participants may not know they are in experiment so less demand characteristics are shown

Question 6

Field experiment disadvantages

Answer 6

•as in natural setting researcher may not have full control over variables so less validity (extraneous or confounding variables)
•issues with consent if participants don’t know they are in an experiment lacks informed consent

Question 7

Natural experiment description

Answer 7

•IV can’t be manipulated often for ethical reasons so researcher takes advantage of naturally occurring events ( eg exploring effects of trauma on remembering events, unethical to expose someone to trauma but if someone’s already going through trauma the researcher takes advantage of it)

Question 8

Natural experiment advantages

Answer 8

•possible to study unethical topics

Question 9

Natural experiment disadvantage

Answer 9

•event happens naturally hard to say if event caused outcome could be extraneous other variables which effected outcome

Question 10

Quasi experiment description

Answer 10

•naturally occurring IV which already exists and is different between people such as gender age etc

Question 11

Quasi experiment advantages

Answer 11

• controlled setting higher valididtily

Question 12

Quasi experiment disadvantages

Answer 12

•hard to establish cause and effect as IV not directly manipulated
•may be confounding variables (eg areas participant lives in)