Observations

Question 1

Covert observations

Answer 1

•pps NOT aware they are being observed
•fewer demand characteristics
•ethical issues lack of informed consent

Question 2

Overt observations

Answer 2

•pps ARE aware they are being observed
•more ethical but people may show demand characteristics

Question 3

participant observation

Answer 3

•observer also takes part in activity observed
•closer proximity to pps so more data gathered
•pps may show demand characteristics

Question 4

non participant observation

Answer 4

•observer doesn’t take part in activity with pps watches from distance
•could result in behaviour being missed as not as close to pps
•behaviour likely to be more natural so more reliable

Question 5

Controlled observation

Answer 5

•takes part in lab setting
•high validity as can be replicated and so reliable
•low ecological validity

Question 6

Natural observation

Answer 6

•unaltered natural setting were observer doesn’t interfere in any way
•high ecological validity
•no ability to replicate study exactly so lower reliability