Experiments Flashcards
(22 cards)
Keyword: hypothesis
What you think will happen
Keyword: aim
There’s no prediction of an outcome
Keyword: directional hypothesis
It predicts how something will plan out in a particular way
Keyword: non-directional hypothesis
Doesn’t specify which way you predict it will go
Keyword: independent variable
The thing you change
Keyword: dependent variable
The thing you measure
Keyword: validity
How much you can use the results
Keyword: external validity
Can the results be generalised?
Keyword: Internal validity
Inside the process of an experiment
Keyword: Natural observation
Left as it normally is
Keyword: controlled observation
Some of the variables are controlled
Keyword: structured observations
Use ‘systems’ to organise observation, set order
Keyword: sampling procedures
Measuring how and when you do and observation
Keyword: behavioural categories
Breaking the behaviour being studied into sections
Keyword: demand characteristics
The participant become aware of the aim and changes their behaviour
Keyword: independent group
Randomly allocating conditions to groups
Keyword: Repeated measures
When each participant is tested with every condition
Keyword: matched pairs
You put groups together based on a certain factor
Keyword: order effects
Extraneous variables occur due to the order in which conditions are presented
Keyword: opportunity sampling
Select people who’re available
Keyword: volunteer sampling
People volunteer to take part
Keyword: random sampling
Just select people randomly
