Explanations Flashcards
(16 cards)
1
Q
These cards are to practise strategies to explain common conditions.
A
Have fun!
2
Q
Explanation for AF?
A
- The heart beats regularly to pumps blood around the body.
- When the heart is irregular (also known as AF) the heart has trouble pumping blood.
- This can cause SoB.
- The irregular heart beat can also cause clots to form.
- These clots can travel to the head to causes a stroke.
3
Q
Explanation of MI?
A
- The heart is a muscle that pumps blood to the body.
- Like muscles, the heart needs blood.
- When arteries narrow and become ‘furred up’ blood supply is reduced.
- Just like when muscles tire the ache, so can the heart.
This is what can happen in a heart attack/ MI.
4
Q
Explanation of Asthma?
A
- [consider drawing picture]
- Air comes into the lungs via tubes; airways.
- Sometimes the muscle can be triggered to cause a intermittant spasm.
- You have may have noticed something things can trigger this?
- When the spasm occurs this can stop air moving through and you may feel a wheeze
- Medications - Salbutamol opens airway, steroids stop triggers occurring.
5
Q
Any rheumatology drug?
A
- Immune system is too active and can overreact to the body itself.
- You may have noticed…
- Drugs can dampen down the inflammation; stop the overaction from occurring.
6
Q
How does a statin work?
A
- Arteries carry the blood from the heart to the body.
- Arteries can become clogged up with bad cholesterol.
- Statins help decrease bad cholesterol and increase good cholesterol.
- This stop the arteries clogging up.
7
Q
Explanation of COPD?
A
- Over time the lungs can become damaged (smoking).
- This can cause inflammation and mucus in the airways –> coughing
- Also damage the sacs at the end of the airway –> reduced air getting into the blood –> SoB.
8
Q
Explanation of any psych condition?
A
- The function of the brain is due to a balance of chemicals in the brain.
- Sometimes, the chemicals can become unbalanced - too much/little.
- To help with this we can use a medication to help increase/ decrease the chemical.
- This can restore balance..
9
Q
Explanation of hypertension?
A
- The blood is pumped to the body from the heart.
- Sometime, the pressure of the pumping of the blood. can be too high.
- This can cause strain on the heart, kidney and other parts of the body.
- To ensure this doesn’t cause any damage, we can bring the blood pressure down.
- This can be done with lifestyle + medication
10
Q
Explanation of any Obs&Gyne issue?
A
Draw the uterus.
11
Q
Explanation of Glucoma?
A
- Draw the eye.
- Fluid flows from the inner to the outer part of the eye
- This can become blocked
- This causes increased pressure and symptoms
12
Q
Explanation of diabetes?
A
- Sugar is transported around the body to reach cells.
- In DM, Insulin isn’t effect in getting into cells because there isn’t a chemical called insulin.
- We can give insulin, this acts as a key to unlock the cell and allow sugar to come in.
- This would allow the sugar into the blood to reduce.
13
Q
Explanation of eczema?
A
- The skin a protection from the outside; like a wall.
- In Eczema - the bricks cement/ mortar can become crumbly.
- This causes irritants to get in the skin and moisture to come out.
- We use creams to replace the mortar and allow the skin (as a wall) to heal.
14
Q
Explanation of psoriasis?
A
- Normal skin is produce and sheds over time.
- in psoriasis you might have noticed these plaques
- Here, too much skin is made causing it to build up.
15
Q
Explanation of Acne?
A
- Draw the follicle and oil gland.
- Can become blocked and inflamed
- Bacteria can grow, causing inflamed spots
abx -reduce bacteria and inflammation
Retinoids - reduce skin covering follicle
OCP - reduces effects of hormones ‘
16
Q
What does the gal bladder do?
A
Draw picture
Bile help absorb food; the bodies natural fairy liquid.
Stones –> stuck