Explanations Flashcards

(16 cards)

1
Q

These cards are to practise strategies to explain common conditions.

A

Have fun!

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2
Q

Explanation for AF?

A
  • The heart beats regularly to pumps blood around the body.
  • When the heart is irregular (also known as AF) the heart has trouble pumping blood.
  • This can cause SoB.
  • The irregular heart beat can also cause clots to form.
  • These clots can travel to the head to causes a stroke.
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3
Q

Explanation of MI?

A
  • The heart is a muscle that pumps blood to the body.
  • Like muscles, the heart needs blood.
  • When arteries narrow and become ‘furred up’ blood supply is reduced.
  • Just like when muscles tire the ache, so can the heart.
    This is what can happen in a heart attack/ MI.
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4
Q

Explanation of Asthma?

A
  • [consider drawing picture]
  • Air comes into the lungs via tubes; airways.
  • Sometimes the muscle can be triggered to cause a intermittant spasm.
  • You have may have noticed something things can trigger this?
  • When the spasm occurs this can stop air moving through and you may feel a wheeze
  • Medications - Salbutamol opens airway, steroids stop triggers occurring.
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5
Q

Any rheumatology drug?

A
  • Immune system is too active and can overreact to the body itself.
  • You may have noticed…
  • Drugs can dampen down the inflammation; stop the overaction from occurring.
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6
Q

How does a statin work?

A
  • Arteries carry the blood from the heart to the body.
  • Arteries can become clogged up with bad cholesterol.
  • Statins help decrease bad cholesterol and increase good cholesterol.
  • This stop the arteries clogging up.
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7
Q

Explanation of COPD?

A
  • Over time the lungs can become damaged (smoking).
  • This can cause inflammation and mucus in the airways –> coughing
  • Also damage the sacs at the end of the airway –> reduced air getting into the blood –> SoB.
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8
Q

Explanation of any psych condition?

A
  • The function of the brain is due to a balance of chemicals in the brain.
  • Sometimes, the chemicals can become unbalanced - too much/little.
  • To help with this we can use a medication to help increase/ decrease the chemical.
  • This can restore balance..
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9
Q

Explanation of hypertension?

A
  • The blood is pumped to the body from the heart.
  • Sometime, the pressure of the pumping of the blood. can be too high.
  • This can cause strain on the heart, kidney and other parts of the body.
  • To ensure this doesn’t cause any damage, we can bring the blood pressure down.
  • This can be done with lifestyle + medication
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10
Q

Explanation of any Obs&Gyne issue?

A

Draw the uterus.

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11
Q

Explanation of Glucoma?

A
  • Draw the eye.
  • Fluid flows from the inner to the outer part of the eye
  • This can become blocked
  • This causes increased pressure and symptoms
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12
Q

Explanation of diabetes?

A
  • Sugar is transported around the body to reach cells.
  • In DM, Insulin isn’t effect in getting into cells because there isn’t a chemical called insulin.
  • We can give insulin, this acts as a key to unlock the cell and allow sugar to come in.
  • This would allow the sugar into the blood to reduce.
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13
Q

Explanation of eczema?

A
  • The skin a protection from the outside; like a wall.
  • In Eczema - the bricks cement/ mortar can become crumbly.
  • This causes irritants to get in the skin and moisture to come out.
  • We use creams to replace the mortar and allow the skin (as a wall) to heal.
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14
Q

Explanation of psoriasis?

A
  • Normal skin is produce and sheds over time.
  • in psoriasis you might have noticed these plaques
  • Here, too much skin is made causing it to build up.
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15
Q

Explanation of Acne?

A
  • Draw the follicle and oil gland.
  • Can become blocked and inflamed
  • Bacteria can grow, causing inflamed spots

abx -reduce bacteria and inflammation
Retinoids - reduce skin covering follicle
OCP - reduces effects of hormones ‘

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16
Q

What does the gal bladder do?

A

Draw picture
Bile help absorb food; the bodies natural fairy liquid.
Stones –> stuck