Exploring Medical Language- Ch. 14, Musculoskeletal System: Structures and Word Parts

Question 1

outermost layer of the bone, made up of fibrous tissue

Answer 1

periosteum

Question 2

dense, hard layers of bone tissue that lie underneath the periosteum

Answer 2

compact bone

Question 3

contains little spaces like a sponge and is encased in the layers of compact bone

Answer 3

cancellous (spongy) bone

Question 4

membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone

Answer 4

endosteum

Question 5

shaft of the long bones

Answer 5

diaphysis

Question 6

end of each long bone

Answer 6

epiphysis

Question 7

material found in the cavities of the bone

Answer 7

bone marrow

Question 8

thick, bloodlike material found in flat bones and the ends of long bones; location of red blood formation

Answer 8

red marrow

Question 9

soft, fatty material found int the medullary cavity of long bones

Answer 9

yellow marrow

Question 10

upper jaw bone

Answer 10

maxilla

Question 11

lower jaw bone

Answer 11

mandilble

Question 12

made up of bones called vertebrae through which the spinal cord runs

Answer 12

vertebral column

Question 13

first set of seven bones, forming the neck

Answer 13

cervical vertebrae

Question 14

second set of 12 vertebrae; articulate with the ribs to form the outward curve of the spine

Answer 14

thoracic vertebrae

Question 15

3rd set of five larger vertebrae; forms the inward curve of the spine

Answer 15

lumbar vertebrae

Question 16

five vertebrae, fused together, that form a triangular bone positioned between the two hip bones

Answer 16

sacrum

Question 17

4 vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone

Answer 17

coccyx

Question 18

part of the vertebral arch

Answer 18

lamina

Question 19

collarbone

Answer 19

clavicle

Question 20

shoulder blade

Answer 20

scapula

Question 21

extension of the scapula, forms the superior point of the shoulder

Answer 21

acromian process

Question 22

breastbone

Answer 22

sternum

Question 23

lower portion of the sternum

Answer 23

xiphoid process

Question 24

upper arm bone

Answer 24

humorous

Question 25

lower arm bones

Answer 25

ulna and radius

Question 26

projection at the proximal end of the ulna that forms the bony point of the elbow

Answer 26

olecranon process

Question 27

wrist bones

Answer 27

carpal bones

Question 28

hand bones

Answer 28

metacarpal bones

Question 29

finger and toe bones

Answer 29

phalanges

Question 30

made up of ischium, ilium, and pubis

Answer 30

pelvic bone

Question 31

lower, posterior portion of the hip bone on which one sits

Answer 31

ischium

Question 32

upper, wing-shaped part of the hip bone

Answer 32

ilium

Question 33

anterior portion of the pelvic bone

Answer 33

pubis

Question 34

large socket in the pelvic bone for the head of the femur

Answer 34

acetabulum

Question 35

upper leg bone

Answer 35

femur

Question 36

lower leg bones

Answer 36

tibia and fibula

Question 37

kneecap

Answer 37

patella

Question 38

ankle bones

Answer 38

tarsal bones

Question 39

heel bone

Answer 39

calcaneous

Question 40

foot bones

Answer 40

metatarsal bones

Question 41

inter-

Answer 41

between

Question 42

supra-

Answer 42

above

Question 43

sym-, syn-

Answer 43

together, joined

Question 44

-asthenia

Answer 44

weakness

Question 45

-clasia, -clasis

Answer 45

break

Question 46

-clast

Answer 46

break

Question 47

-desis

Answer 47

surgical fixation, fusion

Question 48

-physis

Answer 48

growth

Question 49

-schisis

Answer 49

split, fissure

Question 50

aponeur/o

Answer 50

aponuerosis

Question 51

arthr/o

Answer 51

joint

Question 52

burs/o

Answer 52

bursa (cavity)

Question 53

chondr/o

Answer 53

cartilage

Question 54

disk/o

Answer 54

intervertebral disk

Question 55

menisc/o

Answer 55

meniscus

Question 56

synovi/o

Answer 56

synovia

Question 57

ten/o

Answer 57

tendon

Question 58

tend/o

Answer 58

tendon

Question 59

tendin/o

Answer 59

tendon

Question 60

carp/o

Answer 60

carpals

Question 61

clavic/o, clavicul/o

Answer 61

clavicle

Question 62

crani/o

Answer 62

cranium

Question 63

cost/o

Answer 63

rib

Question 64

femor/o

Answer 64

femur

Question 65

fibul/o

Answer 65

fibula

Question 66

humer/o

Answer 66

humerus

Question 67

ili/o

Answer 67

ilium

Question 68

ischi/o

Answer 68

ischium

Question 69

lumb/o

Answer 69

lumbar region of the spine

Question 70

mandibul/o

Answer 70

mandible

Question 71

smooth layer of firm fibrous tissue covering the contacting surface of joints

Answer 71

articular cartilage

Question 72

crescent-shaped cartilage found in the knee

Answer 72

meniscus

Question 73

cartilaginous pad found between the vertebrae in the spine

Answer 73

intervertebral disk

Question 74

cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones come together

Answer 74

pubic symphasis

Question 75

fluid secreted by the synovial membrane and found in joint cavities

Answer 75

synovia

Question 76

fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another

Answer 76

bursa

Question 77

flexible, tough band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches one bone to another at a joint

Answer 77

ligament

Question 78

band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Answer 78

tendon

Question 79

strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to bone

Answer 79

aponeurosis

Question 80

musclse that are attached to bones by tendons and make body movement possible

Answer 80

skeletal muscles (aka- striated muscles)

Question 81

muscles that are located in internal organs, such as the walls of blood vessels and the digestive tract- also involuntary muscles

Answer 81

smooth muscles

Question 82

type of muscle that forms most of the walls of the heart- involuntary contraction produces the heartbeat

Answer 82

cardiac muscle (aka- myocardium)

Question 83

moving away from the midline

Answer 83

abduction

Question 84

moving towards the midline

Answer 84

adduction

Question 85

turning inward

Answer 85

inversion

Question 86

turning outward

Answer 86

eversion

Question 87

movement in which a limb is placed in a straight positions

Answer 87

extension

Question 88

movement in which a limb is bent

Answer 88

flexion

Question 89

movememnt that turns the palm down

Answer 89

pronation

Question 90

movement that turns the palm up

Answer 90

supination

Question 91

turning around its own axis

Answer 91

rotation

Question 92

maxill/o

Answer 92

maxilla

Question 93

patell/o

Answer 93

patella

Question 94

pelv/i, pelv/o

Answer 94

pelvis, pelvic bone

Question 95

phalang/o

Answer 95

phalanges

Question 96

pub/o

Answer 96

pubis

Question 97

rachi/o

Answer 97

vertebra, spine

Question 98

spondyl/o

Answer 98

vertebra, spine

Question 99

vertebr/o

Answer 99

vertebra, spine

Question 100

radi/o

Answer 100

radius

Question 101

sacr/o

Answer 101

sacrum

Question 102

scapul/o

Answer 102

scapula

Question 103

stern/o

Answer 103

sternum

Question 104

tars/o

Answer 104

tarsals

Question 105

tibi/o

Answer 105

tibia

Question 106

uln/o

Answer 106

ulna

Question 107

ankyl/o

Answer 107

stiff, bent

Question 108

kinesi/o

Answer 108

movement, motion

Question 109

kyph/o

Answer 109

hump

Question 110

lamin/o

Answer 110

lamina

Question 111

lord/o

Answer 111

bent forward

Question 112

my/o

Answer 112

muscle

Question 113

myos/o

Answer 113

muscle

Question 114

myel/o

Answer 114

bone marrow

Question 115

oste/o

Answer 115

bone

Question 116

petr/o

Answer 116

stone

Question 117

scoli/o

Answer 117

crooked, curved