Exploring Medical Language- Ch. 15, Nervous System & Behavioral Health: Terms NOT Built From Word Parts

Question 1

disease characterized by early dementia, confusion, or loss of recognition of people or familiar surroundings

Answer 1

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 2

progressive muscle atrophy caused by degeneration and scarring of neurons along the lateral columns if the spinal cord that control muscles

Answer 2

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Question 3

paralysis of muscles on one side of the dace caused by inflammation or compression of a facial nerve

Answer 3

Bell palsy

Question 4

aneurysm in the cerebrum

Answer 4

cerebral aneurysm

Question 5

an embolus lodges in a cerebral artery, causing sudden blockage of blood supply to the brain

Answer 5

cerebral embolism

Question 6

condition characterized by lack of muscle control and partial paralysis, caused by a brain defect or lesion present at birth

Answer 6

cerebral palsy

Question 7

cognitive impairment characterized by loss of intellectual brain function

Answer 7

dementia

Question 8

condition characterized by recurrent seizures

Answer 8

epilepsy

Question 9

congenital or acquired disorder caused by obstructed circulation of cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 9

hydrocephalus

Question 10

bleeding into the brain as a result of a ruptured blood vessel within the brain

Answer 10

intracerebral hemorrhage

Question 11

chronic degenerative disease characterized by sclerotic patches along the brain and spinal cord

Answer 11

multiple sclerosis

Question 12

chronic degenerative disease of the CNS; resting tremors of hands and feet, shuffling gait, usually 50+

Answer 12

Parkinson disease

Question 13

inflammation of the sciatic nerce

Answer 13

sciatica

Question 14

viral disease that affects the peripheral nerves and causes blisters on the skin that follow the course of the affected nerves

Answer 14

shingles

Question 15

occurs when there is an interruption of blood supply to the region of the brain, depriving nerve cells in the affected area of oxygen and nutrients

Answer 15

stroke

Question 16

bleeding caused by a ruptured blood vessel just outside of the brain that rapidly fills the space between the piameter and arachnoid layers of the meninges with blood

Answer 16

subarachnoid hemorrhage

Question 17

sudden deficient supply of blood to the brain lasting a short time

Answer 17

transient ischemic attack

Question 18

computerized radiographic process producing a series of sectional images of brain tissue

Answer 18

computated tomography (CT) of the brain

Question 19

high-strength computer-controlled magnetic fields producing a series of sectional images of the soft tissues of the brain or spine

Answer 19

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain or spine

Question 20

nuclear medicine procedure combining CT and radioactive chemicals producing sectional images of the brain to examine blood flow and metabolic activity

Answer 20

positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the brain

Question 21

group of diagnostic tests that measure changes and responses in brain waves elicited by visual, auditory, or somatosensory stimuli

Answer 21

evoked potential studies (EP studies)

Question 22

diagnostic procedure performed by inserting a needle into the subarachnoid space usually between the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae (aka- spinal tap)

Answer 22

lumbar puncture

Question 23

conveying toward a center

Answer 23

afferent

Question 24

lack of muscle coordination

Answer 24

ataxia

Question 25

pertaining to the mental process of comprehension, judgement, memory, and reason

Answer 25

cognitive

Question 26

state of profound unconsciousness

Answer 26

coma

Question 27

injury to the brain caused by minor head trauma

Answer 27

concussion

Question 28

awake, alert, aware of one's surroundings

Answer 28

conscious

Question 29

sudden involuntary contraction of a group of muscles; may be present during a siezure

Answer 29

convulsion

Question 30

a state of mental confusion as to time, place, or identity

Answer 30

disorientation

Question 31

the inability to use speech that is distinct and connected because of a loss of muscle control after damage to the peripheral or central nervous system

Answer 31

dysarthria

Question 32

conveying away from the center

Answer 32

efferent

Question 33

a manner of style of walking

Answer 33

gait

Question 34

unable to express one's thoughts or ideas in an orderly, intelligible manner

Answer 34

incoherent

Question 35

paralysis from the waist down caused by damage to the lower level of the spinal cord

Answer 35

paraplegia

Question 36

sudden, abnormal surge of electrical activity of the brain, resulting in involuntary body movements or behaviors

Answer 36

seizures

Question 37

fainting or sudden loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood supply to the brain

Answer 37

syncope

Question 38

state of being unaware of surroundings and incapable of responding to stimuli as a result or injury, shock, illness, or drugs

Answer 38

unconsciousness

Question 39

eating disorder characterized by a disturbed perception of body image resulting in failure to maintain body weight

Answer 39

anorexia nervosa

Question 40

emotional disorder characterized by feelings of apprehension, tension, uneasiness, arising typically from the anticipation of unreal or imagined danger

Answer 40

anxiety disorder

Question 41

disorder of learning and behavioral problems characterized by marked attention, distractibility, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity

Answer 41

attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Question 42

spectrum of mental disorders which include onset during infancy or childhood- inability to interact socially and impaired communication

Answer 42

autism

Question 43

major psychological disorder typified by a disturbance in mood

Answer 43

bipolar disorder

Question 44

eating disorder characterized by uncontrolled binge eating followed by purging

Answer 44

bulimia nervosa

Question 45

mood disturbance characterized by feelings of sadness, despair, discouragement, hopelessness, etc...

Answer 45

major depression

Question 46

disorder characterized by intrusive, unwanted thoughts that result in the tendency to perform repetitive acts or rituals usually as a means of releasing tension or anxiety

Answer 46

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Question 47

episode of sudden onset of acute anxiety; occurring unpredictably, with feelings of acute apprehension, dizziness, sweating, and/or chest pain

Answer 47

panic attack

Question 48

marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable

Answer 48

phobia

Question 49

compulsive eating of nonnutritive substances such as clay or ice; often a result of iron deficiency

Answer 49

pica

Question 50

disorder characterized by a chronic, debilitating emotional response to a traumatic event perceived as life threatening or severe emotional stress

Answer 50

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Question 51

any one of a large group of psychotic disorders characterized by gross distortions of reality

Answer 51

schizophrenia

Question 52

disorders characterized by physical symptoms for which no known physical cause exists

Answer 52

somatoform disorders