export_sst viruses i

Question 1

What causes non-infectious skin lesions in viral infections?

Answer 1

Immune response

Question 2

What causes infectious skin lesions in viral infections?

Answer 2

Viral replication

Question 3

Papilloma

Answer 3

Benign growth on the surface of the skin or mucous membrane

Question 4

Macule

Answer 4

Small discolored patch of skin that forms an area distinct from the normal surrounding surface

Question 5

Papule

Answer 5

Small, circumscribed, raised portion of the skin

Question 6

Vesicle

Answer 6

Small pouch on the surface of the skin filled with clear liquid

Question 7

Pustule

Answer 7

Small, circumscribed, raised portion of the skin filled with purulent material

Question 8

Warts general features

Answer 8

Hyperkeratotic
Usually painless

Koilocytes may be found

Lump/nodule/papilloma

Caused by HPV

Question 9

Verruca valgaris

Answer 9

Cutaneous warts
Common, can be in groups

Most commonly on hands, elbows, and knees

Question 10

Verruca plantaris

Answer 10

Flat, flushed cutaneous warts

Found on the feet

Question 11

Verruca plana

Answer 11

Less common cutaneous wart
Flat

Most common in children, on the face, on the chest

Question 12

HPV virus family features

Answer 12

Papovaviridae
Non-enveloped

dsDNA

Replication associated with differentiation status of tissue

Question 13

HPV virulence factors

Answer 13

HPV E7

HPV E6

Question 14

HPV E7

Answer 14

Inhibits Rb

Question 15

HPV E6

Answer 15

Inhibits p53

Question 16

HPV serotypes that cause common cutaneous warts

Answer 16

HPV 2
HPV 3

HPV 10

Question 17

HPV serotypes that cause plantar warts

Answer 17

HPV 1

HPV 4

Question 18

Diagnose warts

Answer 18

Clinical appearance

Hyperkeratosis and Koilodal cells

Question 19

Wart removal

Answer 19

Cryotherapy
Cytotoxic chemicals

Surgical removal

Question 20

Molluscum contagiosum presentation

Answer 20

Painless, p early, u mbilicated n odules

Question 21

Molluscum contagiosum virus family features

Answer 21

Poxviridae family
dsDNA genome

Replicates in cytoplasm

Question 22

Molluscum contagiosum transmission and treatment

Answer 22

Direct contact (sexual activity) or fomite transmission
Often resolves on its own, but removal also through surgery and cryotherapy

Question 23

Herpes labialis presentation

Answer 23

Cold sores, on mouth

Question 24

Herpes labialis causative agent

Answer 24

HSV

Question 25

HSV primary infection

Answer 25

Can be asymptomatic Can be a normal cold sore Can have widespread lesions inside (primary herpetic gingivostomatitis) and around mouth

Question 26

Herpes simplex keratitis

Answer 26

Leading cause of blindness in the U.S. Initially causes conjunctivitis Recurrent disease leads to corneal opacity

Question 27

Herpes simplex encephalitis

Answer 27

Most common cause of infectious encephalitis in the U.S. High mortality rate Survivors often have neurologic dysfunction

Question 28

Herpetic whitlow

Answer 28

HSV lesion on fingers (also toes)

Question 29

HSV virus family and features

Answer 29

Herpesviridae Enveloped dsDNA Latent and lytic phases of life cycle

Question 30

What form is the HSV virus in when it is causing a cold sore?

Answer 30

Lytic phase

Question 31

Where is the HSV found in the latent phase?

Answer 31

Neurons

Question 32

Which serotype of HSV is more commonly associated with oral lesions?

Answer 32

HSV-1

Question 33

Treatment for HSV

Answer 33

Acyclovir

Question 34

Acyclovir mechanism of action

Answer 34

Inhibits viral DNA polymerase

Question 35

Chickenpox causative agent

Answer 35

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

Question 36

Chicken pox lesion evolution

Answer 36

Vesicles Pustules Scabs

Question 37

Where are chicken pox lesions usually not found?

Answer 37

Soles of feet | Palms of hands

Question 38

Neonatal chicken pox

Answer 38

Pregnant mother infected within first 20 weeks - low birth weight, skin scarring Infection late/right after birth results in disseminated infections, much more serious

Question 39

Zoster/Shingles features

Answer 39

Elderly/immunosupproessed Paresthesia prodrome Vesicular lesions are unilateral Fever and malaise Postherpetic neuralgia

Question 40

Postherpetic neuralgia

Answer 40

Pain at site of lesions for months after lesion resolution

Question 41

Zoster/Shingles cause

Answer 41

VZV reactivation

Question 42

What is the pattern of zoster/shingles in the affected individual?

Answer 42

Follows one dermatome

Question 43

VZV virus family and features

Answer 43

Herpesviridae Enveloped dsDNA Latent infection

Question 44

Diagnose VZV

Answer 44

Based on clinical presentation of lesions | Tzanck smear

Question 45

Prevent VZV

Answer 45

Varicella vaccine | Zoster vaccine

Question 46

Varicella vaccine features

Answer 46

Live attenuated Combined with MMR One dose at 12-15 months, second at 4-6 years Used to prevent primary infection

Question 47

Zoster vaccine features

Answer 47

Same live attenuated strain as varicella vaccine (higher titer) Used to protect from VZV reactivation

Question 48

Treat VZV

Answer 48

``` Antiherpetic drugs (acyclovir) in severe cases VZV is not as sensitive to these drugs as HSV ```