External structures of the Eye

Question 1

To what lymph nodes does the lateral conjunctiva drain?

Answer 1

Preauricular lymph nodes

Question 2

To what lymph nodes does the nasal conjunctiva drain?

Answer 2

Submandibular lymph nodes

Question 3

What are the function of meibomian glands?

Answer 3

Meibomian glands secrete an oily substance in the tears which prevents dessication and lubricates the eyelids.

Question 4

How can one test for corneal sensitivity?

Answer 4

Corneal sensitivity may be tested by touching a sterile cotton tip applicator to each eye and comparing blink reflexes.

Question 5

What test measures tears on the surface of the eye?

Answer 5

Schirmer test

Question 6

What do you treat dry eyes in the daytime with?

Answer 6

Artificial tears

Question 7

What do you treat dry eyes at night with?

Answer 7

Ointments

Question 8

Once increased tear production is ruled out, what is the next step in the workup of excessive tearing?

Answer 8

Access the patency of the ducts.

Question 9

Failure of tears to reach the puncta can be caused by…?

Answer 9

1. horizontal laxity of the lower lid which decreases pumping action of the blink reflex.
2. an everted puncta which occurs in ectropion.

Question 10

How can you fix horizontal laxity of the lower lid or everted puncta?

Answer 10

By surgically tightening the lower lid with a full-thickness wedge resection.