Extra Practical Exam Cards Flashcards by Taylor Glotzbach

Primary Hyperthyroidism is associated with what disease?

Graves

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Primary Hypothyroidism is associated with what disease?

Hashimoto’s

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Secondary Hyperthyroidism is associated with what disease?

Pituitary Adenoma

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Secondary Hypothyroidism is associated with what disease?

Pituitary Adenoma

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Tertiary Hyperthyroidism is associated with what disease?

Chronic Kidney Disease/ Hypothalamus

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Tertiary Hypothyroidism is associated with what disease?

Hypothalamus tumor

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TRH, TSH & T3/T4 Levels in Primary Hyperthyroidism:

TRH: Decreased
TSH: Decreased
T3/T4: Increased

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TRH, TSH & T3/T4 Levels in Primary Hypothyroidism:

TRH: Increased
TSH: Increased
T3/T4: Decreased

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TRH, TSH & T3/T4 Levels in Secondary Hyperthyroidism:

TRH: Decreased
TSH: Increased
T3/T4: Increased

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TRH, TSH & T3/T4 Levels in Secondary Hypothyroidism:

TRH: Increased
TSH: Decreased
T3/T4: Decreased

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TRH, TSH & T3/T4 Levels in Tertiary Hyperthyroidism:

TRH: Increased
TSH: Increased
T3/T4: Increased

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TRH, TSH & T3/T4 Levels in Tertiary Hypothyroidism:

TRH: Decreased
TSH: Decreased
T3/T4: Decreased

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Ankylosis Spondylitis Symptoms: (3)

1) Intermittent LBP
2) Decreased ROM
3) SI Joint Fusion

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Ankylosis Spondylitis Lab Findings: (3)

1) Decreased Sodium
2) Decreased Bilirubin
3) + HLA-B27

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Hyperparathyroidism Symptoms: (4)

1) Polydypsia/Polyuria
2) Osteopenia
3) Osteolysis of Distal Tuffs
4) Salt & Pepper Skull

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Hyperparathyroidism Lab Findings: (5)

1) Decreased Phosphorus
2) Increased Calcium
3) Increased LDH & CPK
4) Increased PTH
5) Increased Calcitonin

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Psoriatic Arthritis Symptoms: (4)

1) Auspitz Sign
2) Pitting Nails
3) Pencil-In-Cup
4) Distal Tuff Erosion

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Psoriatic Arthritis Lab Findings: (2)

1) Increased LDH & CPK
2) Increased IgG

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Sickle Cell Crisis Symptoms: (3)

1) Hx of Sickle Cell
2) Chronic Anemia
3) Jaundice

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Sickle Cell Crisis Lab Findings: (2)

1) Amber Color Urine
2) Urobilinogen 8EU

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Acute Glomerulonephritis Symptoms: (4)

1) Hx of Strep Throat
2) Anorexia
3) Periorbital Edema
4) Oliguria

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Acute Glomerulonephritis Lab Findings: (5)

1) Blood in Urine
2) Cloudy
3) Protein 3+
4) RBC Casts
5) Urate Crystals

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Pyelonephritis Symptoms: (5)

1) 6 Months Pregnant
2) Back Pain
3) Fever
4) Chills
5) Vomiting

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Pyelonephritis Lab Findings: (5)

1) Increased Neutrophils
2) +SSA +2 Urine
3) Protein in the Urine
4) + Leuk Esterase
5) Cellular & Granular Casts

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What is the rate-limiting step to convert Linoleic Acid to Alpha-Linolenic Acid?

6-Desaturase

True or False. Series 2 & 4 are anti-Inflammatory steps of the EFA Pathway.

False

Are serum fatty acids a reliable indicator of true fatty acid status?

What has a significant effect on Eicosanoid production?

Too much or too little Insulin

Insulin Resistance does what to Delta-6 activity?

Inhibits

Eating what macromolecule greatly increases delta-6 desaturate production?

Refined Carbohydrates

Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) contributes to what?

Membrane fluidity and Permeability in both cell and organelle membranes.

Omega-3 Oils have been shown to: (2)

1) Reduce Cytokine production 2) Inhibit inflammatory eicosanoids from arachidonic acid

What supplementation is good for Colitis patients?

Finish Oil

Fatty Acid Imbalance is related to: (50

1) Crohn’s Disease 2) CVD 3) Insulin Resistance 4) Syndrome X 5) Auto-Immune Conditions

If Alpha-Linolenic is low… recommend: (4)

1) Flaxseeds 2) Walnuts 3) Unroasted Nuts/Seeds 4) Dark Leafy Green Vegetables

If Eicosapentaenoic Acid is low… recommend: (6)

1) Salmon 2) Wild Trout 3) Sardines 4) Herring 5) Fish Oil 6) Algae-derived DHA

If Linoleic Acid &/or Arachidonic Acid are Elevated… recommend: (4)

1) Only use Olive/Coconut Oils 2) Avoid Vegetable Oil 3) Avoid Margarine/Shortening 4) Avoid Animal Fats

With High Linoleic and Low DGLA… recommend: (3)

1) Primrose Oil 2) Borage Seed Oil 3) Black Currant Seed Oil

If Arachidonic is Low… Recommend: (2)

1) Egg Yolk 2) Lean Hormone-free Beef

With low EPA and DHA… Recommend: (2)

1) Increase Ground flax seed, nuts, seeds 2) Supplement with EPA and DHA

What is important to do for someone who’s EPA and DHA are low?

Discover what is Inhibiting Delta-6

When DGLA is Low and a is High… Recommend: (5)

1) Only Olive oil to cook 2) Reduce Omega-6 fats 3) Supplement EPA 4) Decrease refined sugars 5) Increase fiber-rich veggies/legumes

Which of the following tests would be best if you suspected your patient was having a stroke? A) Stress Test B) Nuclear Profusion C) Computed Tomography D) EKG 5) MRI

C) Computed Tomography

What test is Best for a stroke? A) CPK B) ESR C) HLA-B27 D) CRP E) CCR

A) CPK

Which test is best if your patient presented with extreme swelling? A) GTT B) CBC w/ Differential C) CCR D) GGTP E) AST

C) CCR

Patient presents with Ulnar Deviation. What test do you do?

SANA & FANA

Which of the following tests is best if you suspected your pt. Had Multiple Myeloma? A) Bone Scan B) ESR C) Phoretic Study D) CRP E) CCR

C) Phoretic Study

Which of the following could be associated with a patient who presents with LBP? A) HLA-B27 B) HCG C) +Nitr D) Gonorrhea E) AAA

ALL OF THEM

Which of the following tests is best if you suspected you rot. Had Anemia? A) Urobilinogen B) MCV C) HgbA1c D) CRP E) CCR

B) MCV

What is the gold standard test for Iron deficiency?

Bone aspiration

What test do you run if you suspect your pt. Has METs?

Scintigraphy (Bone Scan)

Which of the Following are associated with Renal Calculi? (Pick 3) A) Crystals B) Blood C) Nitrite D) White Foam in the Urine E) Increased Specific Gravity

A) Crystals B) Blood C) Increased Specific Gravity

Which of the following tests is best is you suspect your pt. Has Cholelithiasis? (Pick 2) A) ALT B) Indirect Bilirubin C) Crystals D) Direct Bilirubin E) Casts

A) ALT D) Direct Bilirubin

Which test is best for a pt. With Tophi?

Aspiration

What test is best for a pt. Who presents with clay-colored stools?

Bilirubin

Pt. Presents with Upper back pain/stiffness that is worse in the morning. She has difficulty swallowing & is hoarse. Labs show +HLA-B8. Diagnosis?

DISH

Which of the following are most associated with the heart? (Pick 2) A) AST B) Troponin C) LDH-2 D) CPK-MM E) ESR

A) AST B) Troponin

Pt. Presents with recurrent upset stomach, bloating & tingling in the hands & feet. She has a “fullness in her upper abdomen” and feels like her legs are weak. Findings include: decreased deep touch pressure/vibration. Sense, Decreased Hb and Inc. MCV. Diagnosis?

Chronic Gastritis leading to Macrocytic Anemia leading to PLS

Which test is best for a pt. With a Brodie’s Abscess? (Pick 2) A) CBC w/ Differential B) MRI C) Tomogram D) Aspiration E) Urinalysis

A) CBC w/ Differentail C) Tomogram

What are the 3 major classifications of Anemia?

1) Factor Deficiency 2) Production Defect 3) Depletion

16 yo presents with photophobia, nausea & vomiting. Also complains of headache, fever & a stiff neck. Labs show Increased Lymphocytes. Diagnosis?

Viral Meningitis

If pain increases with Carnett’s Sign, what do you suspect?

Abdominal Wall issue

If pain does not increase with Carnett’s sign, what do you suspect?

Visceral issue

What is typically found with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Painless Cervical Lymph Nodes

Where is Intrinsic Factor made?

Parietal Cells in the Gastric Body & the Fundus

What test is best for atherosclerosis?

Lipids Panel (Total Cholesterol/HDL)

Sickle Cell Anemia is what type of anemia?

Depletion Anemia

Which lab test is most specific for liver disease?

ALT

MC Cause of Microcytic Anemia;

Chronic Iron Deficiency

What wintrobe induce do we look at to determine the cause of anemia/

MCV

If you suspect Type 1 DM, what test is best to run?

Serum Glucose

Elevated RDW means the RBCs are _____________.

Varied In Size

Which test is best for pernicious Anemia?

Schilling’s test

What is the difference between Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia?

Protein in the Urine

What is the difference between Eclampsia & Preeclampsia?

Seizures

Extra Practical Exam Cards Flashcards

(75 cards)