extraversion and neuroticism- pt 2 Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is grays reinforcement sensitivity theory?
linked extraversion to reward so a link to the midbrain.
dopamine is linked to us…
doing things reward based e.g. cocaine increased dopamine levels.
what is the mesolimbic pathway?
DA from the VTA to the nucleus accumbens.
what is the mesocortical pathway?
DA from the VTA to the pre-frontal cortex.
the nucleus accumbens were more active…
in brain imaging to larger rewards than to smaller rewards. self reported happiness in reward cues correlated to the observed mid-brain area size.
extraversion and mid brain reward system
how did they study the correlation between extraversion and reward system
monetary gain trials whilst participants in fMRI. Predicted that greater functional activity among dopamine brain areas = higher extraversion.
extraversion and mid brain reward system
what were the findings of the fmri and monetary gain study
when anticipating a large monetary gain the left nucleus accumbens activity correlated significanlty- positive arousal.
the medial orbifrontal cortex…
higher volume in this area is positively correlated with a higher extraversion score.
DeYoung cybernetic big five theory
extraversion defined by those whoa re more motivated by the possibility of a reward and get more enjoyment from gaining the reward.
DeYoung argues dopamine…
is not feel good as it usually abused to produce other feels than pleasure.
DeYoung theory
the positive hedonic response (pleasure) may not be directly due to…
dopamine but other NTs like endogenous opiates
DeYoung argues that wanting a reward…
may be associated with dopaminergic reward whilst liking the reward is produced by the opiod system.
responsiveness of distress system
how did they study the distress system- neuroticism?
they rain monetary trials whilst participants are in a fMRI. Those higher in N have a greater function in the distress system.
what areas does the defensive distress system include?
amygdala, ACC and insular cortex.
findings of the study of neuroticism and monetary gain.
anticipating large money losses the right anterior insula did correlate with negative aroudal.
what is Eysneck’s theory of neuroticism?
determined by the interaction of the ascending reticular activating system in the limbic system.
Eysneck viewed N as…
emotionality.
eysneck theory
high in N… whereas Low in N…
High: experience extreme emotional responses to life events. Low: stoic or emotionally unmoved by life events.
when we experience stressful events what does the amygdala do?
it interprets the incoming emotional information and sends signal to hypothalamus which controls the SNS.
N and amygdala
amygdala is important for…
memory, fear and the flight or fight response.
N and Amygdala
Patient SM
rare genetic condition that resulted in a bilateral amygdala destruction- they could not experience fear.
findings suggest that there is a close relationship between…
psychiatric symptoms and amygdala response to emotional material. The amygdala is the core of emotional processing.
