eyelid, orbit and lacrimal disorders

Question 1

what is the most common lump found in the eyelid

Answer 1

chalazion

Question 2

what is a chalazion

Answer 2

a mebomian cyst

Question 3

are chalazion painful

Answer 3

no

Question 4

management of chalazion

Answer 4

warm compress
chloramphenicol ointment

Question 5

what does recurrent chalazia indicate

Answer 5

underlying blepharitis
acne rosacea

Question 6

what is a stye

Answer 6

infection of the lash follicle

Question 7

what are cysts of sweat glands filled with

Answer 7

clear fluid

Question 8

name of the cyst filled with clear fluid

Answer 8

cyst of Moll

Question 9

what is the name of lipid secreting glands

Answer 9

cyst of Zeiss

Question 10

what is the most common malignant tumour

Answer 10

basal cell carcinoma

Question 11

where does basal cell carcinoma usually occur

Answer 11

lower lid

Question 12

how does a basal cell carcinoma infiltrate

Answer 12

locally

Question 13

features of basal cell carcinoma

Answer 13

pearly rolled edge
necrotic centre

Question 14

symptoms of blepharitis

Answer 14

gritty eyes
sore eyelids
crust around lid margin

Question 15

associated skin disease with blepharitis

Answer 15

rosacea
eczema
psoriasis

Question 16

where is inflammation of dacryocystitis

Answer 16

medial over the lacrimal sac

Question 17

what is proptosis

Answer 17

globe protrusion

Question 18

what ptosis feature can be seen as a secondary syndrome of carcinoma of lung

Answer 18

Horner syndrome

Question 19

what muscle raises upper eye lid

Answer 19

levator muscle

Question 20

is elevator muscle controlled by

Answer 20

CN3

Question 21

what controls Muller muscle

Answer 21

sympathetic nerve

Question 22

how are the levator muscle and muller muscle attached to

Answer 22

fibrous plate in the eye lid

Question 23

what should you suspect if patient presents with ptosis that worsens throughout the day

Answer 23

myasthenia gravis

Question 24

what nerve palsy may present as ptosis

Answer 24

3rd nerve palsy

Question 25

what else along with ptosis can suggest 3rd nerve palsy

Answer 25

abducted eye dilated pupil

Question 26

what nerve is damaged in Horner syndrome

Answer 26

sympathetic

Question 27

what are lid lag and lid retraction features of

Answer 27

thyroid disease

Question 28

1st line treatment if blockage of lacrimal sac

Answer 28

syringing

Question 29

2nd line treatment for blockage of lacrimal sac

Answer 29

dacryocystorhinostomy (hole is made into the nose from the lacrimal sac)

Question 30

what happens if the inferior rectus gets entrapped

Answer 30

restriction of eye elevation

Question 31

what causes s-shaped deformity of the upper eye lid

Answer 31

neurofibroma type 1

Question 32

what is Gorlin-Goltz syndrome

Answer 32

nevoid BCC syndrome rare autosomal dominant disorder

Question 33

what is Muir-Torre syndrome

Answer 33

rare AD condition predisposes to BCC, sebaceous gland carcinoma

Question 34

where is BCC found in eye

Answer 34

lower eye lid

Question 35

where does BCC tumour arise

Answer 35

from the basal layer of the epidermis

Question 36

features of a nodular BCC

Answer 36

shiny firm pearly nodule slow growing

Question 37

features of modulo-ulcerative BCC

Answer 37

centrally ulcerated pearly raised rolled edge dilated and irregular blood vessels (telangiectasia)

Question 38

features of sclerosing BCC

Answer 38

more difficult to see and differentiate

Question 39

what are pre cursors of SCC

Answer 39

Bowens actinic keratosis intraepidermal carcinoma

Question 40

what patients have increased risk of SCC

Answer 40

immunocompromised aids renal transplantation xeroderma pigmentosum

Question 41

where is an SCC commonly found on the eye

Answer 41

lower eye lid

Question 42

histopathology of SCC

Answer 42

keratin pearls and intercellular bridges

Question 43

features of keratocanthoma

Answer 43

pink dome-shaped hyperkeratotic lesion often on lower eye lid

Question 44

who is most likely to get sebaceous gland carcinoma

Answer 44

affects elderly with predisposition for females

Question 45

where does sebaceous gland carcinoma arise

Answer 45

mebomian glands

Question 46

histopathology of sebaceous gland carcinoma

Answer 46

pale foamy lipid-containing cytoplasm with hyper chromatic nuclei

Question 47

where does a sebaceous gland carcinoma occur

Answer 47

upper eyelid

Question 48

what is yellowish material within the tumour suggestive of

Answer 48

sebaceous gland carcinoma

Question 49

what can SGC be confused with

Answer 49

chronic or recurrent localised mebomian gland inflammation