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Sir Wilton Midterm > Eyes > Flashcards

Eyes Flashcards

(105 cards)

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1
Q

Transmits visual stimuli to the brain for interpretation and, in doing so, functions as the organ of vision?

A

Eye

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2
Q

Is located in the eye orbit, a round, bony hollow formed by several different bones of the skull?

A

Eyeball

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3
Q

External Structures of the eye?

A

Eyelids
Eyelashes
Conjunctiva
Lacrimal Apparatus
Extraocular Muscles

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4
Q

Are two movable structures composed of skin and two types of muscle?

A

Eyelids

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5
Q

Are projections of stiff hair curving outward along the margins of the eyelids?

A

Eyelashes

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6
Q

Is a thin, transparent, continuous membrane that is divided into two portions?

A

Conjunctiva

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7
Q

Two portions of conjunctiva?

A

*Palpebral
*Bulbar

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8
Q

Consists of glands and ducts that lubricates the eyes?

A

Lacrimal Apparatus

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9
Q

Are the six muscles attached to the outer surface of the eyeball?

A

Extraocular Muscles

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10
Q

Three cranial nerves responsible for the eyes?

A

Oculomotor (III)
Trochlear (IV)
Abducens (VI)

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11
Q

Internal structures of the eye?

A

Eyeball
Iris
Lens
Choroid Layer
Retina
Optic Disk
Retinal Vessel

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12
Q

Is a circular disc of muscle containing pigments that determine eye color?

A

Iris

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13
Q

Is a biconcave, transparent, avascular, encapsulated structure located immediately posterior to iris?

A

Lens

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14
Q

Contains the vascularity necessary to provide nourishment to the inner aspect of the eye?

A

Choroid Layer

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15
Q

Extends only to ciliary body anteriorly. It receives visual stimuli and sends it to the brain?

A

Retina

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16
Q

Is a cream-colored, circular area located on the retina toward the medial or nasal side of the eye?

A

Optic Disc

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17
Q

Can be readily viewed with the aid of an ophthalmoscope?

A

Retinal Vessels

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18
Q

Refers to what a person sees with one eye?

A

Visual Fields

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19
Q

Occurs as light rays strike the retina, where they are transformed into nerve impulses conducted to the brain through optic nerve, and interpreted?

A

Visual Perception

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20
Q

Two types of visual reflexes?

A

Pupillary Light Reflex
Accomodation

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21
Q

Causes pupils to constrict immediately when exposed to bright light?

A

Pupillary Light Reflex

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22
Q

Is a functional reflex allowing the eyes to focus on a near object?

A

Accomodation

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23
Q

Legal blindness visual acuity?

A

20/200

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24
Q

Spots and floaters are common in clients with ____?

A

Myopia

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25
A blind spot?
Scotoma
26
Intermittent blind spots may be associated with vascular spasms?
Opthalmic Migraines
27
Seeing halos around lights is associated with _____?
Narrow-Angle Glaucoma
28
Double vision is called?
Diplopia
29
Excessive tearing?
Epiphora
30
Term used in measuring eye pressure?
Tanometry
31
Macular degeneration test?
Amsler Test
32
Normal eye pressure range?
10-21 mmHg
33
Many eye disorders have familial tendencies, some examples are?
Glaucoma Refraction Errors Allergies Macular Degeneration
34
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation puts the client at risk for the development of ____?
Cataracts
35
Is a group of eye diseases that damages the optic nerve, often caused by abnormally high pressure within the eye?
Glaucoma
36
Two most common glaucoma?
Open-angle Glaucoma Acute-Angle Glaucoma
37
Is a major cause of visual impairment that affects the macula portion of the retina?
AMD
38
Two types of AMD?
Dry Wet
39
Which are often preventable, are leading causes of blindness today?
Cataracts
40
Are a clouding of the usually clear lens of the eye?
Cataracts
41
Causes deterioration of the macula portion of the retina?
AMD
42
Used to test distant visual acuity?
Snellen Chart
43
Is a hand-held instrument that allows the examiner to view the fundus of the eye?
Ophthalmoscope
44
Impaired far vision?
Myopia
45
Impaired near vision?
Presbyopia
46
____ is a term used to describe misalignment that occurs only when fusion reflex is blocked?
Phoria
47
Is constant malignant of the eye?
Strabismus
48
Is a specific type of misalignment?
Tropia
49
Is an inward turn of the eye?
Esotropia
50
A test that assesses the eye muscle strength and cranial nerve function?
Cardinal Fields of Gaze Test
51
An oscillating (shaking) movement of the eye?
Nystagmus
52
Drooping of the upper lid?
Ptosis
53
An inverted inward lower lid is a condition called?
Entropion
54
An inverted outward lower eyelid, results in exposure and drying of conjunctiva?
Ectropion
55
Protrusion of the eyeball accompanied by retracted eyelid margins is termed as ____?
Exophthalmos
56
Generalized redness of the conjunctiva suggests ____?
Conjunctivitis
57
Is a local, noninfectious inflammation of the sclera?
Episcleritis
58
Yellow sclera occurs when the client has ______?
Jaundice
59
Bright red areas on the sclera indicate a _______?
Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
60
Can be detected when light directed to the blind eye results in no response in either pupils?
Monocular Blindness
61
Swelling of the optic disc?
Papilledema
62
Is evidenced by the disc being white in color and lack.of.dic vessels?
Optic atrophy
63
Occurs when injury causes red blood cells to collect in the lower half of the anterior chamber?
Hyphema
64
Isually results from an inflammatory response in which white blood cells accumulate in the anterior chamber and produce cloudiness in front of the iris?
Hyphema
65
Abnormal Findings of Extraocular Muscles?
*Strabismus *Pseudostrabismus *Esotropia *Exotropia *Phoria *Paralytic Strabismus
66
Constant malalignment of the eye axis?
Strabismus
67
Normal in young children the pupils will appear at the inner canthus?
Pseudostrabismus
68
Noticeable only with the cover?
Phoria
69
Noticable with the position test?
Paralytic Strabismus
70
Abnormalities of the external eye?
Blepharitis Chalazion Conjunctivitis Diffuse episcleritis Ectropion Entropion Exophthalmos Hordeolum Ptsosis Scleral Jaundice Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
71
Drooping eye?
Ptosis
72
Outwardly Turned lower lid?
Ectropion
73
Generalized inflammation of the conjunctiva?
Conjunctivitis
74
Protruding eyeballs and retracted eyelids?
Exophthalmos
75
Infected meibomian gland?
Chalazion
76
Stye?
Hordeolum
77
Inwardly turned lower eyelid?
Entropion
78
Staphylococcal infection of the eyelids?
Blepharitis
79
Inflammation of the sclera?
Diffuse Scleritis
80
Bright red areas of the sclera?
Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
81
Abnormalities of the cornea and lens?
Corneal Scar Early Pterygium Nuclear cataract Peripheral cataracts
82
Which appears grayish white may be due to inflammation or an old injury?
Corneal Scar
83
A thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva that extends across the nasal side?
Early Pterygium
84
Appear gray when seen with flashlight; they appear as a black spot against the red reflex when seen through an ophthalmoscope?
Nuclear Cataract
85
Look like grace spokes that point in ward when seen with a flashlight; they look like black spokes that point inward against the red reflex when seen through an ophthalmoscope?
Peripheral Cataracts
86
Abnormalities of Iris and Pupil
Close-angle Glaucoma Narrow-angle Glaucoma Miosis Anisocoria Mydriasis
87
Also known as pinpoint pupils?
Miosis
88
Pupils of unequal size?
Anisocoria
89
Dilated and fixed pupils typically resulting from central nervous system injury circulatory collapse or deep anesthesia?
Mydriasis
90
Abnormal findings of the optic disc?
Papilledema Glaucoma Optic Atrophy
91
Swollen optic disk?
Papilledema
92
Enlarged physiological cup occupying more than half of the disc's diameter?
Glaucoma
93
White optic disc, lack of disc vessel?
Optic Atrophy
94
Abnormal findings of the retinal vessels and background?
Constricted arteriole Copper wire arteriole Silver wire arteriole Arteriovenous nicking Arteriovenous tapering Arteriovenous banking Cotton wall patches Hard Exudate Superficial Retinal Hemorrhage Deep Retinal Hemorrhage Microaneurysm
95
Narrowing of the arteriole, occurs with Hypertension?
Constricted Arteriole
96
Widening of the light reflex and a coppery color?
Copper Wire Arteriole
97
Opaque or silver appears caused by thickening of the Arteriole wall?
Silver wire arteriole
98
AV crossing abnormality characterized by vein appearing to stop short on either side of arteriole?
Arteriovenous Nicking
99
AV crossing abnormality characterized by vein appearing to taper to a point on either side of arteriole?
Arteriovenous Tapering
100
av crossing abnormality characterized by twisting of the vein on the arteriole's distal side and information of a dark, knuckle+like structure?
Arteriovenous Banking
101
Also known as soft exudates?
Cotton Wool Patches
102
Solid, smooth surface and well-defined edges?
Hard Exudate
103
Appear as small, flame-shaped, linear res streaks on the retinal background?
Superficial Retinal Hemorrhage
104
Appear as small, irregular res spots with blurred edges on retinal edges?
Deep Retinal Hemorrhage
105
Round, tiny red dots with smooth edges on retinal background?
Microaneurysm

Sir Wilton Midterm (5 decks)

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