Eyes

Question 1

ptosis

Answer 1

eyelid drooping- CN7

Question 2

accommodation

Answer 2

lens thickens to look close

Question 3

miosis

Answer 3

conctriction of pupil

Question 4

mydriasis

Answer 4

dilated pupil - opioid overdose

Question 5

exophthalmos

Answer 5

anterior displacement - graves

Question 6

enophthalmos

Answer 6

posterior displacement- horners

Question 7

chemosis

Answer 7

periorbital oedema- graves

Question 8

nystagmus

Answer 8

involuntary movements of eye

Question 9

saccades

Answer 9

reading

Question 10

papilloedema

Answer 10

raised ICP

Question 11

optic chiasm lesion

Answer 11

bitemporal hemianopia

Question 12

optic tract lesion

Answer 12

homonymous hemianopia

Question 13

marcus gunn pupil

Answer 13

RAPD

paradoxical constriction to light

Question 14

heroin- eyes?

Answer 14

pinpoint

Question 15

pathway for accomodation and pupil constriction

Answer 15

retina
CN2
pretectal nuclei(crosses)
edinger westphal nuclei
CN3
ciliary sphincter

Question 16

holmes adie

Answer 16

young women, slow reaction, better accomodation

Question 17

argyle robinson- caused by tertiary syphilis(prostitutes)

Answer 17

accomodation to light but no reaction

Question 18

action of superior oblique

Answer 18

when eye is looking laterally, twists inwards (intorsion and abducts)
medial rotation, eye depression abduction

Question 19

trochlear nerve palsy

Answer 19

difficulty reading books

Question 20

medical third nerve palsy

Answer 20

unable to move eye , then blown pupil

Question 21

surgical third nerve palsy

Answer 21

uncal herniation, first dilated then blown

Question 22

intranuclear opthalmoplegia

Answer 22

medial longitudinal fasicilus damage which connects CN3 to CN6 - ipsilateral eye cannot adduct

Question 23

parinauds

Answer 23

upward gaze palsy

convergence retraction nystagmus

Question 24

level of inferior colliculus

Answer 24

decussation of superior peduncles

Question 25

level of superior colliculus

Answer 25

red nucleus

Question 26

action of inferior oblique

Answer 26

abduction, eye elevation, lateral rotation

Question 27

what do both the superior and inferior rectus muscles produce

Answer 27

adduction of eye

Question 28

superior rectus muscle action

Answer 28

elevation, medial rotation and adduction

Question 29

inferior rectus muscle action

Answer 29

depression, lateral rotation, adduction

Question 30

superior muscles always do

Answer 30

medial rotation

Question 31

inferior muscles always do

Answer 31

lateral rotation

Question 32

what muscles elevate the eye

Answer 32

superior rectus and inferior oblique

Question 33

what muscle depress the eye

Answer 33

inferior rectus and superior oblique

Question 34

lesion in superior part of occipital lobe extending into visual cortex of the parietal lobe

Answer 34

ocular apraxia= inability to direct the gaze at a consciously selected target in visual field because rapid eye movements are inaccurate

Question 35

what is ocular apraxia associated with

Answer 35

optic ataxia- loss of ability to carry out visually guided movements of hands

Question 36

Balints syndrome

Answer 36

visual disorientation ocular apraxia optic ataxia

Question 37

lesion in the inferior surface of occipital cortex

Answer 37

acquired achromatopsia = loss of colour vision in contralateral halves of visual fields in both eyes