Eyes And Ears

Question 1

Lacrimal Apparatus

Answer 1

Lacrimal gland produces tears and tears flow through remaining structures

Question 2

Flow of tears

Answer 2

Lacrimal gland, surface of eye, lacrimal punctum, lacrimal canals, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct

Question 3

Superior rectus muscle

Answer 3

Elevates eye and innervated by oculomotor (III)

Question 4

Inferior rectus muscle

Answer 4

Depresses eye and innervated by oculomotor (III)

Question 5

Medial rectus muscle

Answer 5

Moves eye medially and innervated by oculomotor (III)

Question 6

Lateral rectus muscle

Answer 6

Moves eye laterally and innervated by abducens (VI)

Question 7

Superior oblique muscle

Answer 7

Depresses and turns eye laterally and innervated by trochlear (VI)

Question 8

Inferior oblique muscle

Answer 8

Elevates and turns eye laterally and innervated by oculomotor (III)

Question 9

Sclera

Answer 9

White of the eye formed from dense collagenous connective tissue. Shapes the eye and anchors extrinsic muscles

Question 10

Choroid

Answer 10

Helps absorb light and provide nutrients to retina

Question 11

Iris

Answer 11

Adjustable diaphragm that controls the diameter of the pupil

Question 12

Pupil

Answer 12

Opening created by the iris which allows light to pass into the eye

Question 13

Retina

Answer 13

Cup-shaped extension of the diencephalon that contains a pigmented and a neural/sensory layer

Question 14

Fovea Centralis

Answer 14

Produces finely detailed images and houses majority of cones

Question 15

Cones

Answer 15

Photoreceptors responsible for color vision and respond to bright light. Provide higher detail

Question 16

Rods

Answer 16

Photoreceptors responsible for night vision and produce images in shades of gray. Most numerous photoreceptor

Question 17

External auditory meatus/canal

Answer 17

Passage leading from the auricle, through the temporal bone to the tympanic membrane

Question 18

Tympanic membrane

Answer 18

Ear drum that separates the external auditory canal from the tympanic cavity. Transfers vibrations to the auditory ossicles

Question 19

Oval window

Answer 19

Connected to stapes and transfers vibrations to cochlea

Question 20

Round window

Answer 20

Found at the end of the cochlea acting as a pressure relief

Question 21

Tensor tympani muscle

Answer 21

Pulls malleus away from eardrum

Question 22

Stapedius muscle

Answer 22

Reduces motion of stapes to lessen effect on inner ear

Question 23

Malleus

Answer 23

Hammer that is found between tympanic membrane and incus. Connected to tensor tympani muscle

Question 24

Incus

Answer 24

Anvil found between malleus and stapes

Question 25

Stapes

Answer 25

Stirrup that is found between incus and oval window. Connected to stapedius muscle

Question 26

Saccule

Answer 26

Portion of the vestibule that leads to the cochlea. Contains maculae responsible for linear acceleration

Question 27

Utricle

Answer 27

Portion of the vestibule that leads to the semicircular canals. Contains maculae responsible for linear acceleration

Question 28

Maculae

Answer 28

Equilibrium receptors found in the vestibule that respond to gravitational pull and changes in head position

Question 29

Semicircular canals

Answer 29

Responsible for sense of equilibrium and made up of anterior, posterior, and lateral ducts which respond to angular movement of the head

Question 30

Cochlea

Answer 30

Coiled, snail shell-like organ for hearing that arises from the vestibule

Question 31

Scala vestibuli

Answer 31

Begins near the oval window and is filled with perilymph, transfers vibrations to hair cells

Question 32

Scala media

Answer 32

Filled with endolymph and contains spiral organ of corti, transfers vibrations to hair cells

Question 33

Scala tympani

Answer 33

Filled with perilymph and ends at the round window, transfers vibrations to hair cells

Question 34

Spiral organ of corti

Answer 34

Structure that converts vibrations to neural impulses

Question 35

Tectorial membrane

Answer 35

Feather-shaped gelatinous substance that acts to open channels for depolarization. Part of the spiral organ of corti

Question 36

Basilar membrane

Answer 36

Separates the cochlear duct from the Scala tympani

Question 37

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

Answer 37

Sensory nerve for hearing and balance