F. Beteta Questions Flashcards
(141 cards)
1
Q
What is the dominant soil type of Champange?
A
Chalk
2
Q
Name the steps of Champagne production.
A
Pressing 1st Fermentation Malolactic Aging/Oak Influence Assemblage 2nd Fermentation Bottle Aging Remuage Dégorgement
3
Q
What is a Pupitre?
A
Rack traditionally used for riddling sparkling wines by hand.
4
Q
What is the minimum aging for a Non-Vintage Champagne?
A
15 months (including 12 months on lees)
5
Q
What is Coteaux Champenois?
A
Appellation for still white, red, and rosé wines in Champagne
6
Q
How is rosé Champagne made?
A
Blending still white and red base wines
Saignée (rare)
7
Q
How much pressure is typical in a Champagne bottle?
A
5-6 atm; 80 psi
8
Q
What is Liqueur de Tirage?
A
Mix of still wine, yeasts, sugar, and fining agents
Catalyst for 2nd Fermentation
9
Q
What is a gyropalatte?
A
Spanish created machine for remuage; holds 504 bottles
10
Q
What is a Prestige Cuvée?
A
Finest, most expensive offering/bottling
11
Q
What is Crémant?
A
French-made Traditional Method wines produced outside of Champagne.
12
Q
What do the following letters represent on a Champagne bottle? RM NM MA SR
A
RM - Récoltant Manipulant
NM - Négociant Manipulant
MA - Marque de Acheteur
SR - Société de Récoltants
13
Q
What do the letters RD mean on a Champagne bottle?
A
Récement Dégorge (Recently Disgorged)
14
Q
Which region of France has the most northerly vineyards?
A
Champagne
15
Q
What is the CIVC?
A
Former regulatory body of Champagne
16
Q
Where in Champagne is Chardonnay the main grape?
A
Côte des Blancs
Côte de Sezanne
17
Q
Describe these vintages in Champagne: ‘96, ‘94, ‘93, ‘90, ‘87, ‘85, ‘82.
A
'96 - Uneven quality; some great wines '94 - Disappointing '93 - Moderate '90 - Ripe, excellent '87 - Co-op vintage '85 - Pinot Noir, excellent '82 - Rich, great consistency
18
Q
Name the 5 main areas in Champagne.
A
Montagne de Reims Vallée de la Marne Côte des Blancs Côte de Sezanne Côte des Bars (Aube)
19
Q
Which Champagne region produces the most blanc grapes?
A
Vallée de la Marne
20
Q
Under the Echelle des Crus, what percentage of a fixed price could be charged for Grand Cru, Premier Cru, and Cru level grapes?
A
Grand Cru - 100%
Premier Cru - 90-99%
Cru - < 90%
21
Q
Name the 4 permitted pruning methods in Champagne.
A
Chablis
Guyot (simple, double)
Cordon de Royat
Vallée de la Marne (Meunier only)
22
Q
Vintage Champagne may or may not contain wine from previous vintages.
A
100% state vintage
Liqueur de Tirage / d’Expédition excluded
23
Q
What is Liqueur d’Expédition?
A
Sugar dissolved in still wine, added to Champagne after disgorgement
24
Q
Who is credited with starting the remuage portion of the Champagne process?
A
Nicole Barbe Ponsardin
25
What is the maximum amount of must permitted per kg of grapes in champagne production?
102 liters/160 kg grapes
26
Name the levels of sweetness/dryness for Champagne.
```
Brut Nature
Extra Brut
Brut
Extra Sec
Sec
Demi-Sec
Doux
```
27
Name the bottle sizes in Champagne.
```
Quarter/Piccolo
Half/Demi
Bottle
Magnum
Jeroboam
Rehoboam (discontinued)
Methuselah
Salamanzar
Balthazar
Nebuchadnezzar
Solomon
```
28
Most Blanc de Blancs Champagne comes from which region?
Côte des Blancs
29
Name the only AOP in France to allow the blending of red and white wines for make rosé.
Champagne AOP
30
What is an Autoclave?
Enamel-lined tank used for 2nd Fermentation in the Charmat Method
31
What is Carbonation?
The injection of CO2 into a liquid
32
What does Pétillant mean?
Lightly sparkling wine; 2.5-3.5 atm
33
Describe the Charmat process?
Bulk production sparkling wine
| 2nd fermentation in pressurized tank; less lees contact
34
Describe the Transversage method.
Wines disgorged into pressurized tank, filtered, dosage added, then rebottled under pressure
35
What is Vin Mousseux?
Sparkling wine; 3.5-6 atm
36
What does Perlant mean?
Very lightly sparkling
| Less than 2.5 atm
37
What does Spritzig mean?
German synonym for pétillant
38
What is Perlwein?
German semi-sparkling wines made via carbonation
39
What is Schaumwein?
Sparkling wine, Sekt
40
What is Spumante?
Italian term for fully-sparkling wine
41
Name the anbaugebiet of Germany.
```
Ahr
Baden
Franken
Hessiche-Bergstrasse
Mittelrhein
Mosel
Nahe
Pfalz
Rheingau
Rheinhessen
Saale-Unstrut
Sachsen
Württemberg
```
42
Name the top Bordeaux districts.
```
Saint-Estephe
Saint-Julien
Pauillac
Margaux
Pessac-Leognan
Graves
Sauternes
Pomerol
Saint-Emilion
```
43
Name the Grand Crus of the Côte de Nuits.
```
Mazis-Chambertin
Ruchottes-Chambertin
Clos de Beze
Griotte-Chambertin
Chambertin
Charmes-Chambertin
Latricières-Chambertin
Mazoyères-Chambertin
Clos de la Roche
Clos Saint Denis
Clos de Lambrays
Clos de Tart
Bonnes Mares
Musigny
Clos de Vougeot
Echezeaux
Grands Echezeaux
Richebourg
Romanee Saint Vivant
Romanee Conti
La Romanee
La Grand Rue
La Tache
```
44
What does AVA stand for?
American Viticultural Area
45
What was the first AVA?
Augusta, Missouri (1980)
46
What is Bairrada?
DOP within Beira Atlantico region of Portugal
47
Name 3 DOCG wines.
Chianti Classico
Brunello di Montalcino
Barolo
48
What grapes are used to make Spanish sparkling wines?
```
Parellada
Macabeo
Xarel-lo
Chardonnay
Subirat Parent (Malvasia)
Pinot Noir
Monastrell
Garnacha Tinta
Trépat (only for rosé)
```
49
Name 2 AVA on the East Coast.
Long Island AVA
| North Fork of Long Island AVA
50
What % of the stated grape variety must be used in making German QmP wines?
85% (per EU standard)
51
What is the sweetest level of German wine?
Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA)
52
What are the primary grapes used to makes Sauternes?
Muscadelle
Sauvignon Blanc
Sémillon
53
Name 2 wines from the Central Valley of Loire.
Chinon
| Vouvray
54
Where is Marsala made, and what is it made from?
Sicily
Grillo, Ansonica (Inzolia), Cataratto, Damaschino
Perricone, Calabrese (Nero d'Avola), Nerello Mascalese
55
What grapes are used to make Hermitage?
Roussanne, Marsanne, Syrah
56
Name a white wine appellation in Rhône.
Condrieu AOP
57
What does AOC/P stand for?
Appellation d'Origine Controlée/Protegée
58
Name 4 grapes grown in Burgundy other than Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.
Aligoté
César
Sacy
Sauvignon Blanc/Gris
59
What grape is used to make Gavi?
Cortese
60
What grapes are use to make Rioja?
Viura, Malvasia, Garnacha Blanca, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Verdejo, Tempranillo Blanca, Maturana Blanca, Turruntés
Tempranillo, Garnacha Tinta, Mazuelo, Graciano, Maturana Tinta
61
What is the main grape of Taurasi?
Aglianico
62
In what are would you find the Hunter Valley?
New South Wales, Australia
63
Where would you find Pinotage, and what is it?
South Africa
| Hybrid of Pinot Noir x Cinsault
64
Name 5 grapes used to make Châteauneuf-du-Pape.
```
Grenache
Syrah
Mouvèdre
Cinsault
Carignan
```
65
What is Retsina?
Aromatized wine; flavored w/ Aleppo pine resin
66
What is Passerilage?
Allowing grapes to raisinate while still on the vine
67
What is Savennières?
Appellation/wine from Anjou-Saumur; 100% Chenin Blanc
68
What are the 5 main grapes used in classic Bordeaux?
```
Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Franc
Merlot
Petit Verdot
Côt (Malbec)
```
69
What is the full name of the fungus responsible for making sweet wines of Sauternes and sweet German wines?
Botrytis cinerea
70
Name the 6 communes of the Médoc classified in 1855.
```
Saint-Estephe
Saint-Julien
Pauillac
Margaux
Haut-Médoc
Graves
```
71
Which grapes are used to make Cognac?
```
Colombard
Folle Blanche
Montils
Sémillon
Ugni Blanc
Folignan (F. Blanche x U. Blanc)
```
72
What is the main flavoring agent for Kirsch, Framboise, Quetsch?
Kirsch - Morello cherry
Framboise - raspberry
Quetsch - plum
73
Name 4 grapes that can be used to make Grand Cru wines in Alsace.
Riesling
Pinot Gris
Muscat
Gewurztraminer
74
What is Loupiac?
Appellation for sweet wines (liquoreux) from Bordeaux
75
What grapes can a Blanc de Noirs Champagne be made from?
Pinot Noir
| Meunier
76
What does CM stand for on a bottle of Champagne?
Cooperative Manipulant
77
What is a matriculation number?
A code assigned to each producer by CIVC.
78
Name 3 dessert wine styles from Loire.
Coteaux de l'Aubance
Coteaux du Layon
Quarts de Chaume
79
Name 2 AVAs in Oregon.
Applegate Valley
| Rogue Valley
80
Name 2 AVAs in Washington State.
Puget Sound
| Columbia Gorge
81
What is the main growing area in Argentina?
Mendoza
82
Name 6 California AVAs.
```
Napa Valley
Los Carneros
Coombsville
Wild Horse Valley
Chiles Valley
Stag's Leap District
```
83
Where is Barossa Valley?
Australia - South Australia - Barossa Zone - Barossa Valley GI
84
What area can legally produce Liebfraumilch?
Nahe
Pfalz
Rheingau
Rheinhessen
85
What grapes are used to make Bardolino?
Corvina Veronese
Rondinella
Molinara
86
What is the main wine growing region of Chile?
Central Valley
87
Where is Margaret River?
Australia - Western Australia - South West Australia Zone - Margaret River GI
88
What is Vin Santo?
Traditional dessert bottling
Grapes dried, aged oxidatively
Alcohol concentration through evaporation
Liquoroso = fortified
89
What is the sweetest style of Madeira?
Malmsey (Malvasia)
90
What is a puttony?
Traditional 25kg containers for aszú
91
What do you call the final liquid added to Champagne?
Liqueur d'Expédition
92
What does Methode Rurale refer to?
Methode Ancestrale
93
What is the principal flavoring ingredient in vermouth?
Wormwood
94
What is a VDN?
Vin Doux Naturel
| Produced via mutage/arresting fermentation
95
How long must non-vintage Champagne be aged?
15 months (12 months on lees)
96
What is Passetoutgrains?
Burgundy field blend
Min. 30% Pinot Noir, 15% Gamay
Max. 15% mixed Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris
97
What grapes can be used for Vouvray?
Chenin Blanc
| Orbois
98
What is a teinturier?
A grape/varietal with red (pigmented) flesh
99
What is the best soil for Chablis?
Kimmeridgian limestone
100
Name 2 Grand Crus in the Côte de Beaune?
Corton
| Montrachet
101
Name 4 recommended grapes for Port.
Aragonez (Tinta Roriz)
Touriga Nacional
Touriga Francesca
Tinta Barroca
102
What is Bandol?
Appellation in Provence for white, rosé, and red wines.
103
What is an Oeschsle?
Scale for measuring grape ripeness used in Germany.
104
What is the main grape used in Asti Spumante?
Moscato Bianco
105
What is the aging requirement for Barolo?
Normale - 38 months, 18 in wood
| Riserva - 62 months, 18 in wood
106
Name 3 generally declared vintages for Port in the 1970s.
1970, 75, 77, 78
107
What Médoc wines were rated premier Crus in the 1855 Classification?
Château Lafite-Rothschild
Château Latour
Château Margaux
Châteaux Haut-Brion
108
How many Premier Crus were there for white wines in the 1855 Classification?
Médoc - 0
| Sauternes - 11
109
What does "Foxy" refer to?
Unpleasant, animalistic odors in wine
| Notably from vitis labrusca varietals
110
What is the name of the louse responsible for widespread vineyard destruction?
Phylloxera vastatrix
111
What is the driest category for Champagne?
Brut Nature
112
Which type of beer it top-fermented?
Ale
113
What is Tequila made from?
Min. 51% Blue Agave
114
What is the driest style of Sherry?
Generoso
115
What is bâtonnage?
Lees stirring
116
What grape is used to make Château Grillet?
Viognier
117
Name a sparkling wine from Southwest France.
Gaillac AOP
118
Name 3 countries that produce rum.
```
Barbados
Guyana
Jamaica
Brazil
Martinique (France)
```
119
Name 2 sparkling wines from France other than Champagne.
Crémant
| Bugey-Cerdon
120
Name 3 Premier Crus from Puligny-Montrachet.
17 total
Le Cailleret
Les Folatières
121
What is Valais?
AOC in Switzerland
| Former home of the duchy that ruled Burgundy
122
What is Fitou?
AOP in Languedoc
| Reds based on Grenache, Carignan, w/ Syrah & Mouvèdre
123
What soil is responsible for the best Chardonnay in Champagne?
Chalk - Belemnite preferred
124
What is a Manzanilla?
Fino sherry aged in Sanlúcar de Barrameda.
125
What is Wort?
Sugar-rich liquid derived from malting grain
126
What is a monopole?
Vineyard with a single owner
127
Name 2 monopoles in Burgundy.
La Tache
| Romanee Conti
128
What is Appassimento?
Process of drying grapes prior to fermentation in lofts
129
What is Crusted Port?
Indicates wine has matured and formed sediment
| A fine, non-vintage Ruby Port
130
What grapes are used for Sherry?
Palomino Fino
Palomino de Jerez
Pedro Ximenez
Moscatel (as a varietal wine, not in blends)
131
Which classification in Bordeaux is reviewed every 10 years?
Saint-Emilion
132
What is an Americano?
Espresso + hot water
| Campari, sweet vermouth, soda water
133
What is a Negroni?
Gin, Campari, sweet vermouth
134
What do you call sparkling wine in Germany?
Sekt
135
What is "Crackling Wine"?
Sparkling wine produced via carbonation
136
What are the 2 basic types of gin?
Gin
Distilled Gin
London Gin
137
What is Boberg?
District in Coastal Region of the Western Cape, South Africa
| Fortified wines for Paarl, Franschhoek, Tulbagh, Wellington
138
What is a Daiquiri?
2oz Rum
3/4 oz Lime Juice
3/4 oz Simple Syrup
Cocktail glass, lime wedge/wheel
139
What is Picolit?
```
White grape in Friuli
Sweet wines (overrated, overpriced)
```
140
What is Crimea?
Wine growing region in Ukraine
141
What communes are allowed Pouilly-Fuissé AOP?
Chaintré
Solutré-Pouilly
Fuissé
Vergisson
