factors affecting cardiorespiratory system Flashcards
(14 cards)
factors that effect cardiovascular health
atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, hypertension
what is atherosclerosis
hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to plaque buildup, which restricts blood flow.
what effects on activity does atherosclerosis have
it reduces blood flow making exercise more difficult and increasing the risk of heart attack during physical activity.
what is coronary heart disease CHD
its caused by blocked coronary arteries, limiting blood to the heart.
how does coronary heart disease effect activity
reduces the heart’s ability to pump effectively, causing chest pain and fatigue, which limits endurance and performance
define hypertension (high blood pressure)
increased pressure in the arteries, putting stress on the heart
effects on activity that hypertension has
it makes physical activity harder on the heart and increases the risk of stroke or heart attack during exercise.
what is LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein)
‘Bad’ cholesterol- it contributes to plaque buildup in arteries, increasing heart disease risk
what is HDL (High-density Lipoprotein)
‘good’ cholesterol- it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, reducing heart disease risk
factors affecting respiratory health
COPD- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Emphysema
What is COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
a group of lung diseases including emphysema that blocks airflow and makes breathing difficult
factors contributing to COPD
smoking, air pollution and genetics
what is emphysema
Damage to the alveoli air sacs in the lungs, reducing oxygen exchange.
factors contributing to emphysema
mainly caused by smoking but also linked to long term exposure to pollutants.
