the respiratory system Flashcards
(14 cards)
define the main structure of the respiratory system
Nasal Cavity and Mouth: Entry points where air is warmed, filtered, and humidified.
Pharynx: The throat, which directs air from the mouth and nasal cavity to the trachea.
Larynx: The voice box, connecting the pharynx to the trachea and protecting the airway.
Trachea: The windpipe that allows air passage to the lungs.
Bronchi: Two main branches of the trachea, each leading into a lung.
Bronchioles: Smaller air passages in the lungs that branch from the bronchi and direct air to the alveoli.
Alveoli: Tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles where gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) occurs
explain the process of inspiration
breathing in- the diaphragm contracts and moves down, expanding the lungs and drawing in air
explain the processes of expiration
breathing out- diaphragm relaxes, reducing lung volume and pushing air out.
what is diffusion
the movement of gases from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
where does diffusion occur
it occurs in the alveoli where oxygen moves into the blood and carbon dioxide moves out.
define respiratory rate
the number of breaths per minute
define tidal volume
the amount of air taken in with each breath.
define ventilation
total air moved in and out per minute
respiratory rate x tidal volume
what is a-VO2 difference
the difference in oxygen levels between the arteries and veins, indicating how much oxygen is used by the muscles.
define steady state
the point during exercise when oxygen supply meets oxygen demand
- oxygen supply meets the demand during sustained exercise .
what does steady state process include
O2 deficit, steady state, VO2 maximum, EPOC Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption
define O2 deficit
at the start if exercise, oxygen demand is higher than supply
VO2 maximum define
the highest amount of oxygen the body can use during intense exercise
define EPOC
Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption
After exercise the body uses extra oxygen to recover and return to resting state.
