Failure to obtain blood and Special venipuncture Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are some common complications of failure to obtain blood?
- The tube has lost its vacuum,
- improperly positioned needles
- collapsed vein
What are special collecting or handling procedures?
- Fasting before collection,
- timed specimens,
- two-hour postprandial test,
- oral glucose tolerance test (OFTT),
- Therapeutic drug monitoring,
- Blood cultures (BC),
- PKU
How many hours does a patient need refrain exercise or eat before a drawl if needed?
12 hours
What are timed specimens?
They often monitor the level of a specific substance or condition.
What are three
reasons blood is drawn at a specific time?
- To measure blood levels of substances exhibiting diurnal variation
- To determine blood levels of medication
- To monitor changes in a patient’s condition
What is the two-hour postprandial test?
This test is used to evaluate diabetes mellitus. Their glucose level is compared to a level 2 hours after eating a full meal or ingesting a measured amount of glucose.
What is the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) ?
This test is used to diagnose diabetes mellitus and evaluate patients with frequent low blood sugar.
What are the 3-hour and 5-hour oral glucose tolerance test used to test?
The 3-hour is the test hyperglycemia and diagnose diabetes mellitus.
The 5 -hour is used to evaluate hypoglycemia for disorder of carbohydrate metabolism.
What times do OGTT test schedule?
0700 and 0900
What is a therapeutic drug monitoring?
It used to monitor the blood level of certain medication to ensure patient safety and also maintain a plasma level. Blood is drawn to coincide with the lowest blood level (trough) or the highest blood level (peak).
Trough and peak levels are collected how many minutes before the scheduled dose?
Trough levels are are collected 30 minutes before the scheduled dose.
Peak level depends on the medication, patient’s metabolism and route of administration.
What are blood cultures (BC) ?
They are used to detect presence of microorganism in the patient’s blood. They are usually order STAT or as a timed specimen and collection requires strict aseptic technique.
What are possible indications presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the blood that would require a Blood culture (BC)?
Chills and fever
What is a PKU ?
This test is for infants to detect phenylketonuria, a genetic disease that causes mental retardation and brain damage. Test is done on blood from the newborn’s heel or urine.
