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Biomedicine Specialised Core Subjects > Fats > Flashcards

Fats Flashcards

1
Q

What is the monomer of lipids

A

Fatty acids

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2
Q

What are the functions of lipids

A

Energy storage, insulation, water repellent, membrane structure, enzyme cofactors, signalling molecules, pigments, antioxidants

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3
Q

What are lipids characterised by

A

Being hydrophobic

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4
Q

What are the two types of lipids

A

Storage lipids and membrane lipids

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5
Q

What are storage lipids

A

Triglycerides, used for energy storage

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6
Q

What is the function of membrane lipids

A

Used in the cell membrane

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7
Q

What are the two types of membrane lipids

A

Phospholipids and glycolipids

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8
Q

Why are triglycerides used for energy storage

A

Because they can be split into two units which then can oxidise easily

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9
Q

How long are fatty acids

A

4-36 carbons long

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10
Q

What are saturated fats

A

no C=C bond

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11
Q

What is an monounsaturated fat

A

one C=C bond

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12
Q

What is a polyunsaturated fat

A

multiple C=C bonds

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13
Q

What determines melting point

A

Length and saturation (more saturated = higher MP)

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14
Q

What is trans fats

A

Unsaturated fats partially dehydrogenated

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15
Q

Why is it useful for deep frying

A

Stable at high temperatures

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16
Q

What does the delta number mean in context of nomenclature

A

where the double bonds are

17
Q

Do fatty acids usually have odd or even number of carbons

A

Even

18
Q

Why is omega 3 important

A

Humans cannot synthesise them

19
Q

What is an omega 3 fatty acid

A

Where there is a double bond at the third carbon from the back end

20
Q

What is a phospholipid

A

A Triglyceride where one of the fatty acids is replaced with a phosphate and alcohol

21
Q

Are phospholipids amphiphillic or amphoteric

A

amphiphillic

22
Q

what is amphiphillic (amphiphatic)

A

Both being soluble and insoluble in water

23
Q

Where are phospholipids in the human body

A

Cell membranes

24
Q

What is a lipid that does not contain fatty acids

A

Steroids

25
Q

What are steroids composed of instead

A

Interconnected rings

26
Q

What is cholestorol

A

A steroid that causes lipids in cell membranes to be more tightly packed making order

Biomedicine Specialised Core Subjects (20 decks)

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