FCA ART 3 VOLUME 1 Flashcards

1
Q

301.1. - Purpose. The purpose of this article is to establish procedures in accordance with due process of law

(a) to determine whether a person is a juvenile delinquent and

(b) to issue an appropriate order of disposition for any person who is adjudged a juvenile delinquent.

A

301.1. - Purpose. The purpose of this article is to establish procedures in accordance with due process of law

(a) to determine whether a person is a juvenile delinquent and
(b) to issue an appropriate order of disposition for any person who is adjudged a juvenile delinquent.

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2
Q

301.1 - In any proceeding under this article, the court shall consider the needs and best interests of the ___________ as well as the need for protection of the community.

A

respondent

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3
Q

“Detention” means the temporary care and maintenance of children away from their own homes in a facility certified by ________ as a detention facility.

A

The division for youth

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4
Q

__________ means a facility characterized by physically restricting construction, hardware and procedures.

A

“Secure detention facility”

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5
Q

“Designated class A felony act” means a designated felony act that would constitute a __________ felony if committed by an adult.

A

class A

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6
Q

“Secure Facility” characterized by Physically restrictive construction, hardware and procedures and is designated as a secure facility by ____________

A

the division of youth.

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7
Q

“Fact-finding hearing” means a hearing to determine whether the respondent or respondents _____________ alleged in the petition or petitions.

A

committed the crime or crimes

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8
Q

FCA 3

“Dispositional hearing” means a hearing to determine whether the respondent requires _________, _____________, or _____________

A

supervision, treatment or confinement.

SuTreCon

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9
Q

The agency or authority which is responsible for presenting a juvenile delinquency petition

A

* Presentment Agency*

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10
Q

* Presentment Agency*

IN NYC

A

CORPORATION COUNSEL

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11
Q

* Presentment Agency*

OUTSIDE NYC

A

COUNTY ATTORNEY

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12
Q

* Presentment Agency*

ONLY ON DESIGNATED FELONY ACT

A

DISTRICT ATTORNEY

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13
Q

“Incapacitated Person” Means a respondent who, as a result of mental illness, or intellectual or developmental disability, lacks the capacity to __________ or _____________

A

understand the proceedings against him/her or to assist in his/her own defense.

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14
Q

Aggravated circumstances:

where a child has been either ________ or ________

A

severely or repeatedly abused

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15
Q

Aggravated circumstances:

or where a child has subsequently been found to be an abused child within ____________ after return home following placement in foster care as a result of being found to be a neglected child provided that the respondent or respondents in each of the foregoing proceedings was the same;

A

FIVE (5) YEARS

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16
Q

Aggravated circumstances:

or where the court finds by clear and convincing evidence that the parent of a child in foster care has refused and has failed completely, over a period of at least __________ from the date of removal, to engage in services necessary to eliminate the risk of abuse or neglect if returned to the parent, and has failed to secure services on his or her own or otherwise adequately prepare for the return home and, after being informed by the court that such an admission could eliminate the requirement that the local department of social services provide reunification services to the parent, the parent has stated in court under oath that he or she intends to continue to refuse such necessary services and is unwilling to secure such services independently or otherwise prepare for the child’s return home; provided, however, that if the court finds that adequate justification exists for the failure to engage in or secure such services, including but not limited to a lack of child care, a lack of transportation, and an inability to attend services that conflict with the parent’s work schedule, such failure shall not constitute an aggravated circumstance;

A

SIX (6) MONTHS

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17
Q

Aggravated circumstances:

or where a court has determined a CHILD ___________ was abandoned by a parent with an intent to wholly abandon such child and with the intent that the child be safe from physical injury and cared for in an appropriate manner

A

FIVE (5) DAYS OLD OR YOUNGER

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18
Q

Permanency Hearing: Means an initial hearing or subsequent hearing held for the purpose of reviewing the______________ and the appropriateness of the permanency plan developed by the Commissioner of Social Services or the Office Of Children And Family Services.

A

foster care status of the respondent

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19
Q

“Designated educational official” shall mean an employee or representative of a school who is designated to receive records pursuant to this article and to coordinate the student’s participation in programs which may exist in the school district or community.
Such notification shall be kept separate and apart from such student’s school records and shall be accessible only by the designated educational official.
Such notification shall not be part of such student’s permanent school record and shall not be included in any documentation regarding such student and shall be destroyed at such time as such student is no longer enrolled in the school district.
At no time shall such notification be used for any purpose other than those specified in this subdivision.

A

“Designated educational official” shall mean an employee or representative of a school who is designated to receive records pursuant to this article and to coordinate the student’s participation in programs which may exist in the school district or community.
Such notification shall be kept separate and apart from such student’s school records and shall be accessible only by the designated educational official.
Such notification shall not be part of such student’s permanent school record and shall not be included in any documentation regarding such student and shall be destroyed at such time as such student is no longer enrolled in the school district.
At no time shall such notification be used for any purpose other than those specified in this subdivision.

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20
Q

301.3. Applicability of article to actions and matters occurring before and after effective date

The provisions of this article apply to:

  • all juvenile delinquency actions and proceedings commenced upon or after the effective date of this article and all appeals and other post-judgment proceedings
  • All juvenile delinquency actions and proceedings commenced prior to the effective date of this article but still pending on such effective date
  • Appeals and other post-judgment proceedings commenced upon or after such effective date which relate or attach to juvenile delinquency
  • Actions and proceedings commenced or concluded prior to such effective date provided that, if application of such provisions in any particular case would not be feasible or would work injustice, the provisions of article seven pertaining to juvenile delinquency actions apply thereto, as such article seven read immediately prior to the effective date of this article.
A

301.3. Applicability of article to actions and matters occurring before and after effective date
The provisions of this article apply to:
all juvenile delinquency actions and proceedings commenced upon or after the effective date of this article and all appeals and other post-judgment proceedings
all juvenile delinquency actions and proceedings commenced prior to the effective date of this article but still pending on such effective date
appeals and other post-judgment proceedings commenced upon or after such effective date which relate or attach to juvenile delinquency actions and proceedings commenced or concluded prior to such effective date provided that, if application of such provisions in any particular case would not be feasible or would work injustice, the provisions of article seven pertaining to juvenile delinquency actions apply thereto, as such article seven read immediately prior to the effective date of this article.

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21
Q

FCA 302.1 – JURISDICTION

Family Court has_______________ to determine if a person is JD.

A

EXCLUSIVE ORIGINAL JURISDICTION

22
Q

FCA 302.1 – JURISDICTION

AGE AT _____________ CONTROLS.

A

TIME ACT COMMITTED

23
Q

FCA 302.1 – JURISDICTION

With respect to a person over __________ and __________ , whenever a crime and a violation arise out of the same transaction or occurrence, a charge alleging both offenses shall be made returnable before the court having jurisdiction over the ________

Nothing herein provided shall be construed to prevent a court, having jurisdiction over a violation relating to a criminal act from lawfully entering a fact finding order where such order is not based upon the count or counts of the petition alleging such criminal act.
(MAYBE? BARD THINKS IT MEANS THIS: In other words, even if a court is hearing a case about a violation related to a criminal act, it can still issue an order that is not related to the criminal act, as long as the order is allowed under section 345.1 of the law. For example, a court could issue an order requiring a person to attend drug treatment, even if the person is not being charged with a drug crime.”

A

AIXTEEN (16) AND LESS THAN EIGHTEEN (18) YEARS OF AGE……….. CRIME.

24
Q

FCA 302.1 – JURISDICTION

Where a proceeding had been commenced in the youth part of a superior court for an act alleged to have been committed prior a person’s ____________ and then had been removed to family court, the ___________ shall exercise jurisdiction under this article, even if the respondent may be over the age of _________ prior to the proceeding having commenced in the family court.

A

EIGHTEENTH (18) BIRTHDAY…… family court …….. EIGHTEEN (18)

25
Q

FCA 302.2 - STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS

Basic Juvenile Delinquency proceeding

A

CPL 30.10 SOL or 18th birthday, whichever is earlier

26
Q

FCA 302.2 - STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
Designated felony or is an act allegedly committed when the respondent was aged sixteen (16) years or older

A

CPL 30.10 SOL or 20th birthday, whichever is earlier

27
Q

FCA 302.2 - STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS

When a proceeding had been commenced in the youth part of a superior court for an act alleged to have been committed prior to his or her eighteenth (18) birthday and then had been removed to family court, a proceeding commenced for an act allegedly committed when the respondent was aged sixteen (16) years or older

A

CPL 30.10 SOL or 20th birthday, whichever is earlier

28
Q

FCA 302.3 VENUE

JD proceedings SHALL be originated in the county in which the ACT or ACTS referred to in the petition ___________

A

OCCURRED.

29
Q

FCA 302.3 VENUE

Upon motion of the respondent or the appropriate presentment agency the family court in which the proceedings have been originated (MUST/MAY) order, for good cause shown, that the proceeding be transferred to another county.

A

MAY

30
Q

FCA 302.3 VENUE

Any motion for removal of the proceeding to another county made by the respondent must be made within ____________

A

thirty (30) days of the initial appearance.

31
Q

FCA 302.3 VENUE
Any motion for removal of the proceeding to another county by the presentment agency must be made within _______________

A

Thirty (30) days of the origination of the action

32
Q

FCA 302.3 VENUE

Unless the case involves a DESIGNATED FELONY, after a fact-finding, the dispositional hearing (MUST/MAY) be transferred to the respondent’s ____________.

A

MAY… county of residence

Designated felony cases CANNOT be transferred.

33
Q

FCA 303.1- CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW

The criminal procedure law (DOES/DOES NOT) apply to JD proceedings UNLESS the FCA specifically states that it (DOES/DOES NOT) apply.

A

DOES NOT…. DOES

However, the court may consider judicial interpretations (case law) of appropriate provisions of the criminal procedure law, to the extent that it may assist the court in interpreting similar provisions of the FCA.

This is different than the rule for the CPLR, which applies automatically, unless the FCA has set out a specific procedure.

34
Q

FCA 303.2 – DOUBLE JEOPARDY

The Provisions of CPL 40 state that a person may not be twice prosecuted for the same offense. This is the extent to what you should be familiar with.

DOES THIS APPLIES TO FCA ARTICLE 3?

A

YES

35
Q

FCA 303.3 – AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSES (ARTS. 25, 35, 40, & 30.05 of PL)

List the JD affirmative defenses:

A

Duress - Undue influence, threats, violence committed against them to do something against their will
Justification - Legal right to use force to protect yourself or another person
REnunciation - To decide that you do not want to be part of a criminal enterprise anymore and you completely withdraw from it. You have to make an effort to prevent the event from occurring. (e.g. going to the police and reporting an act that will happen to prevent it
Mental defect - Lacked the capacity to understand the nature and consequences of their conduct or conduct was wrong

36
Q

FCA 304.1 - DETENTION (KNOW THIS)

Detention facilities MUST BE APPROVED BY _________

A

OCFS- Office of Children and Family Services.

No child shall be detained in any prison, jail, lockup, or other place used for adults convicted of crime or under arrest and charged with crime without the approval of the office of children and family services

37
Q

FCA 304.1 - DETENTION (KNOW THIS)

(NEW) The detention of a child under ____________ in a secure detention facility SHALL NOT be directed, unless such child is at least ____________ and is considered a juvenile delinquent

A

THIRTEEN (13) YEARS OF AGE……… TEN (10) YEARS OLD

(This new statute implies, as the old statute stated explicitly, that there shall be no secure detention of a child under TEN (10) YEARS OF AGE)

38
Q

FCA 304.1 - DETENTION (KNOW THIS)

The detention of a child adjudicated solely for an act that would constitute a ________ SHALL NOT be directed

A

violation

39
Q

FCA 304.1 - DETENTION (KNOW THIS)

a detention facility receiving a child __________ notify the parent of the child’s location.

A. Must Without unnecessary delay
B. Must Within a reasonable time
C. Must immediately
D. With all due speed

A

C. Must immediately

40
Q

FCA 304.2- Upon application of the presentment agency the court may issue a temporary order of protection against a respondent:

  1. Ex parte or upon notice
  2. Any time the juvenile is taken into custody
  3. Upon the issuance of an appearance ticket
  4. Upon the filing of a petition

Such order of protection (IS/IS NOT) a finding of wrongdoing and may remain in effect until an order of disposition is entered

A

IS NOT

41
Q

FCA 305.1 - CUSTODY BY A PRIVATE PERSON

A private person (CAN/CANNOT) take a child WHO MAY BE THE SUBJECT OF AN ART 3 PROCEEDING for committing an act that would be a crime if committed by an adult into custody.

A

CAN

42
Q

FCA 305.1 - CUSTODY BY A PRIVATE PERSON

Before taking such a child under the AGE OF _______________ Into custody, a private person must inform the child of the cause thereof and require him to submit, except when he is taken into custody on pursuit immediately after the commission of a crime.

A

SIXTEEN (16)

43
Q

FCA 305.1 - CUSTODY BY A PRIVATE PERSON

This private person must WITHOUT UNNECESSARILY DELAY (immediately) take the child to:

A
  • To the Ho, the Po, or the Co
  • the child’s home, OR
  • a police or peace officer, or
  • family court.
44
Q

FCA 305.2 - CUSTODY WITHOUT A WARRANT BY POLICE OR PEACE OFFICER

If a police officer takes a child SUBJECT TO AN ARTICLE 3 JD PROCEEDING into custody without a warrant, he must IMMEDIATELY notify:

A. The parent or person responsible for the child’s care
B. The Court
C. The local probation service
D. The appropriate presentment agency

A

A. The parent or person responsible for the child’s care

45
Q

FCA 305.2 - CUSTODY WITHOUT A WARRANT BY POLICE OR PEACE OFFICER

One of the options after a police officer takes a child SUBJECT TO AN ARTICLE 3 JD PROCEEDING into custody without a warrant is:

Give the child an appearance ticket and return him to ___________ ,

A

his parents

46
Q

FCA 305.2 - CUSTODY WITHOUT A WARRANT BY POLICE OR PEACE OFFICER

One of the options after a police officer takes a child SUBJECT TO AN ARTICLE 3 JD PROCEEDING into custody without a warrant is:

Take him with all reasonable speed (IMMEDIATELY) TO ___________ located in the county in which the act was committed.

The officer SHALL NOT take the child to the police station first

If the family court is not in session, take him to the___________________ , if any, DESIGNATED BY THE APPELLATE DIVISION OF THE SUPREME COURT, UNLESS THE OFFICER DETERMINES THAT IT IS NECESSARY TO QUESTION THE CHILD FIRST. In which case, the officer shall take the child to a facility designated by the CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR OF THE COURTS AS A SUITABLE PLACE FOR QUESTIONING CHILDREN.

Upon the consent of the parent or PLR – the officer may take the child to the child’s residence for questioning for a REASONABLE PERIOD OF TIME.

A

FAMILY COURT…….. most accessible MAGISTRATE

47
Q

FCA 305.2 - CUSTODY WITHOUT A WARRANT BY POLICE OR PEACE OFFICER
One of the options after a police officer takes a child SUBJECT TO AN ARTICLE 3 JD PROCEEDING into custody without a warrant is:

C. Take the child to a facility certified by the division of youth as a _______________

A

JUVENILE DETENTION FACILITY

48
Q

FCA 305.2 - CUSTODY WITHOUT A WARRANT BY POLICE OR PEACE OFFICER

One of the options after a police officer takes a child SUBJECT TO AN ARTICLE 3 JD PROCEEDING into custody without a warrant is:

If taken into custody for prostitution offenses, take the child to an available ___________

A

short term safe-house

49
Q

FCA 305.2 - CUSTODY WITHOUT A WARRANT BY POLICE OR PEACE OFFICER

One of the options after a police officer takes a child SUBJECT TO AN ARTICLE 3 JD PROCEEDING into custody without a warrant is:

If it appears the child is a sexually exploited child, take the child to an available short-term safe house, but only if the ________ consents to such action.

A

child

50
Q

FCA 305.2 - CUSTODY WITHOUT A WARRANT BY POLICE OR PEACE OFFICER

One of the options after a police officer takes a child SUBJECT TO AN ARTICLE 3 JD PROCEEDING into custody without a warrant is:

For a __________ , the child must be taken to family court or to a facility designated by the division for questioning.

A

designated felony

(Basically, if the family court is open, the child will be taken to the court. If it’s not open, the child will be brought to a facility designated by the division for questioning)

All questioning (interrogation), including giving notice of rights, shall be recorded on video

51
Q

FCA 305.2 - CUSTODY WITHOUT A WARRANT BY POLICE OR PEACE OFFICER

One of the options after a police officer takes a child SUBJECT TO AN ARTICLE 3 JD PROCEEDING into custody without a warrant is:

In all other cases besides the ones specfically listed in the statute, the youth must be released with _____________

A

an appearance ticket

52
Q

FCA 305.2 - CUSTODY WITHOUT A WARRANT BY POLICE OR PEACE OFFICER

Child (CAN/CANNOT) be questioned without being read his Miranda rights

A

CANNOT