federalism

Question 1

What is federalism?

Answer 1

It is a system of govt in which power is distributed between a central authority and regional units.

Question 2

Key features of federalism.

Answer 2

1. Atleast 2 levels of govt
2. Each level has its own jurisdiction and powers.
3. The powers and division are clearly spelt out in the constitution.
4. In case of any disputes, there is an independent judiciary to settle them.

Question 3

What is Article 1 of the Constitution?

Answer 3

1) India that is Bharat, shall be a union of states.
2) States and territories shall be specified in the First Schedule.

Question 4

What does the 7th schedule of the constitution talk about?

Answer 4

It demarcates subjects into union, state and concurrent lists.

Question 5

What are residuary powers?

Answer 5

All the matters that aren’t listed in the schedule are under the jurisdiction of the center.

Question 6

7 provisions that make the central govt strong.

Answer 6

1. Parliament can alter state boundaries.
2. The federal system can be converted into a centralized system during emergency.
3. revenue s collected by the center.
4. Governor can dismiss state govt.
5. Centre can make laws on state matters upon approval from Rajya Sabha.
6. Only center can take action against IAS and IPS officers.
7. Centre can protect service persons from being penalized for any action they’ve taken during martial law.

Question 7

Centre-state relations in different phases.

Answer 7

1950’s to 60’s: Congress domination. Formation of new states.
60’s to 90’s: Congress declined, regional parties rose
from 90’s: Coalition

Question 8

4 aspects of autonomy.

Answer 8

1. Control over revenue.
2. Change in division of power
3. States should control administrative machinery
4. Imposition of hindi

Question 9

What is article 356?

Answer 9

Presidents rule. Imposed if state govt can’t function according to the constitution. Govt can recommend.

Question 10

2 types of inter- state conflict.

Answer 10

1. Border dispute
2. Rivers

Question 11

What are special provisions for?

Answer 11

They are for some states given their peculiar social and historical circumstances.

Question 12

What is article 370 for?

Answer 12

It allowed for J&K to have its own constitution and flag. No emergency can be imposed without states concurrence. DPSP and amendments won’t apply without concurrence.

Question 13

When was Article 370 abrogated?

Answer 13

31st October 2019. J&K Reorganization Act.