Feed Regulations Flashcards
What are feeding standards
Statements or descriptions of the amounts of nutrients and energy that a specific animal requires to be healthy.
AAFCO
Association of American Feed Control Officials. Another organization that researches and studies nutritional needs of animals. They also publish guidelines of the correct way to label animal foods and the correct way to handle foods safely for both humans and animals.
Carcinogenic
Cancer causing
Mycotoxin
A toxin produced by a fungus under special conditions of moisture and temperature (mold).
NRC
National Research Council - An organization that among other things publishes feeding standards for all livestock, lab animals, & most pets.
Vegan
Someone that strictly eats nothing that is made with any animal products at all (no animal oils, fats, etc. is typically referred to as a vegan).
Vegetarian
A vegetarian is an eater of fruits and grains and nuts; someone who eats no meat or fish or (often) any animal products.
Are feed standards 100% complete
No and new research is continuing as we know it
Are feeding standards the end all be all when it comes to feeding animals?
No, just as human need different diets animals diets can change per animal.
Do we understand the nutrient feed more for livestock than we do humans?
Yes, because we can test more with animals than we can for humans.
What body functions have nutritional needed been studied in livestock.
-Maintenance
-Growth & fattening (It is important to note that getting fat is not the same as growth!)
-Work
-Reproduction
-Lactation (think about a dairy animal versus a normal Mom … obviously the requirements are different)
-Disease / stressors
What other researched factors that contribute to different nutritional requirements?
Genetics and nutritional individuality
Should children be vegan or vegetarian?
No as it may affect their growth.
Who reports information on potential toxins that can be found in human and animal foods?
AAFCO & NRC
Where can aflatoxin be found
in peanuts
what is mycotoxin?
A poison produced by fungi (mold)
Are all mycotoxins bad?
No, penicillin is a mycotoxin
When can mold grow?
During:
plant growth
processing feeds
storage
What are feeds that are affected?
Corn
Peanuts
cottonseed products
What can the presence of dangerous mycotoxins cause?
Death
Chronic disease
reduced performance
liver damage or cancer
What conditions favor mold growth?
Moisture
oxygen
nutrients
How does mold occur?
-Spores - many fungi exist through the winter as spores, so that mold may not be actively growing, but when the conditions are right, it can develop. The spores may be present in soil or plant debris.
-Dispersion by air, wind, rain, birds, or insects
-Crop damage – particularly when the integrity of the outer coating of grain is compromised
-Insect damage
-Plant weakened by drought
-Bird damage
Can human added preservative prevent mold growth?
Yes
Where does aflatoxins attack in the body?
Aflatoxins attack the liver
