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Female Anatomy Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Liquor folliculi

A

Fluid contained within the tertiary follicle

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2
Q

Cornua

A

-Either of the two lateral cavities of the uterus
-Fallopian tubes pass into

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3
Q

List the 4 layers common to all portions of the reproductive tract.

A

-Serosa
-Muscularis
-Submucosa
-Mucosa

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4
Q

Serosa

A

-Outermost layer
-Single layer of squamous cells
-Covers reproductive tract

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5
Q

Muscularis

A

-Double layer of smooth muscle: Outer
(Longitudinal), Inner (Circular)
-Aids in transport of secretory products: Peristaltic contraction

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6
Q

Submucosa

A

-Thickness varies
-Supportive tissue
-Contains: Blood vessels, Nerves, and Lymphatics

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7
Q

Mucosa

A

-Secretory layer of epithelium
-Each region has a different type
~Oviduct: Mixture of Ciliated columnar epithelium
and non-ciliated columnar epithelium
~Posterior vagina: Stratified squamous epithelium

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8
Q

Know why the location of the reproductive tract in domestic animals is significant for reproductive management (i.e. transrectal palpation and ultrasound and some of its applications).

A

Below the rectum
-Palpation can be done through the rectal tissue: Less struggle (not through cervix) and less risk of infection
-Rectal tissue: Better view of tract and ultrasound

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9
Q

Know which ovarian structure produces estradiol and the functions of estradiol.

A

-Follicle
-Helps stimulate Estrus behavior, Release oocyte, Thicken endometrium, Prepare for implantation

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10
Q

Know which ovarian structure produces progesterone and the functions of progesterone.

A

-Corpus Luteum
-Helps to maintain pregnancy
-Prevents ovulation while in high concentration

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11
Q

Describe the broad ligament.

A

Double layered connective tissue

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12
Q

Describe the broad ligament embryonic development and origin and its function.

A

-Origin: Peritoneum
-Development and function:
~Suspends Ovaries, Oviducts, Uterus, Cervix, Anterior Vagina
~Houses Vasculature, Nerves, and Lymphatic Vessels

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13
Q

List the 3 portions of the broad ligament.

A

-Mesovarium
-Mesosalpinx
-Mesometrium

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14
Q

Mesovarium

A

-Supports ovary
-Houses blood vessels: Hilus

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15
Q

Mesosalpinx

A

-Supports Oviduct
-Serous portion (thin): Smooth transparent membrane that covers, lines, or attaches to organs.
-Bursa-like pouch

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16
Q

Mesometrium

A

-Supports Uterine Horns
-Largest
-Most conspicuous

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17
Q

List the 4 layers of the ovary.

A

-Germinal eithelium
-Tunica albuginea
-Ovarian cortex
-Ovarian medulla

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18
Q

Germinal eithelium

A

-Single layer of cuboidal cells
-Not related to germinal cells

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19
Q

Tunica albuginea

A

Outer connective tissue

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20
Q

Ovarian cortex

A

-Usually (Not true in horses): Oocytes and Related structures

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21
Q

Ovarian medulla

A

-Central part of ovary,
-Houses Vasculature, Nerves and Lymphatics

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22
Q

Compare/contrast the equine ovary and the non-equine ovary.

A

-Farm Species
~Oocytes: Cortex
~Ovulation: Anywhere on the ovary
-Mares
~Oocyte: Medulla
~Ovulation: Ovulation Fossa

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23
Q

What ovarian structures are in the preovulatory stage?

A

-primordial follicle
-primary follicle
-Secondary follicle
-Tertiary follicle

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24
Q

What ovarian structures are in the postovulatory stage?

Study These Flashcards
A

-Corpus Hemorrhagicum
-Corpus Luteum
-Corpus Albicans

25
primordial follicle
-Most immature -Microscopic -Single layer of squamous cells.
26
primary follicle
-Microscopic -Single layer of cuboidal cells
27
Secondary follicle
-Microscopic -Two or more layers of cuboidal cells.
28
Tertiary follicle
-Antral: Having fluid (liquor folliculi) in the antrum -Graafian: Mature / Ovulating size
29
Corpus Hemorrhagicum
-Bloody site of protruding tissue -On the ovary -Directly after ovulation
30
Corpus Luteum
-Large / obvious -Yellow Bodies -On ovary
31
Corpus Albicans
-White -Scar-like tissue -Degraded CL
32
List the layers of the tertiary follicle.
-Theca externa -Theca interna -Basement membrane -Granulosa -Cumulus oophorus -Oocyte
33
Theca externa
Primary loose connective tissue
34
Theca interna
hormone production
35
Granulosa
-hormone production -oocyte maturation
36
Cumulus oophorus
-A “cloud” of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte -Sticky -Corona Radiata: Special designation of granulosa cells directly bordering (in contact with) the oocyte
37
Oocyte
The egg
38
List the portions of the oviduct.
-Infundibulum -Ostium -Ampulla -Ampullary-isthmic junction -isthmus -Uterotubal junction
39
Infundibulum
-Funnel shaped opening to oviduct -“Catchers Mitt”
40
Ostium
-Opening of the oviduct -“Bottle Neck”
41
Ampulla
-Half or more of the oviduct -Large diameter -Fern like mucosal folds: Ciliated epithelium -Site of fertilization
42
Ampullary-isthmic junction
Site of fertilization
43
isthmus
-Smaller diameter -Thick muscular wall -Fewer mucosal folds
44
Uterotubal junction
Site where oviduct joins the uterus
45
List the 3 types of uteri.
-Duplex -Bicornuate -Simplex
46
Duplex
-2 cervical canals separating each horn into distinct compartment with 1 or 2 vaginal canals -Rabbit (one vagina) -Possum (two vaginas)
47
Bicornuate
-2 uterine horns and small uterine body -All farm species
48
Simplex
-single uterine body with little to no uterine horn -Humans
49
Perimetrium
-Thin sheet of tissue -Equivalent to the serosa
50
Myometrium
-Outer longitudinal muscle layer -Inner circular muscle layer -Equivalent to the muscularis
51
Endometrium
-Innermost layer of uterus -Consists of the mucosa and submucosa
52
Describe the functions of the cervix.
-Barrier to external environment: During pregnancy -Barrier to sperm transport: Cow and Ewe -Produces mucus: During estrus primarily in Cow and Ewe
53
Describe the functions of the vagina.
-Copulatory organ -Birth canal -Site of urine expulsion
54
Cranial vagina
-Generally columnar epithelium -Highly secretory -Fornix: Wide part at the end of the vagina
55
Caudal vagina
Stratified squamous epithelium: Protective functions
56
Vulva
-External portion of female tract -2 labia (major and minor): mostly adipose tissue with small bundles of smooth muscle. -2 commissures: Dorsal and Ventral
57
Clitoris
-Female homologue of penis -In ventral commissure.
58
Perineum
Region surrounding anus and vulva

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