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Year 2 HD > female pelvic anatomy > Flashcards

female pelvic anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

spinal block inserted into

A

sub-arachnoid space T5/6

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2
Q

spinal block used when

A

c section

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3
Q

epidural administered where

A

below cauda equina, epidural space

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4
Q

does pudendal nerve block affect lower limbs

A

no

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5
Q

pudendal nerve affects

A

perineum, external anal sphincter

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6
Q

anaestthetic injected into labia majora deadens which nerve

A

pudendal

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7
Q

asis is vertically aligned with…

A

pubic symphysis

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8
Q

inguinal lig runs between

A

asis and pubic tubercle

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9
Q

what blood vessels run alongside pudendal nerve and what does it wrap around

A

internal pudendal artery and vein
sacrospinous ligamen

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10
Q

what does blood supply to pelvis come from, what does it split into

A

common iliac artery
internal and external iliac artery

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11
Q

external iliac artery becomes

A

femoral artery

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12
Q

what branches of internal iliac artery leave the pelvis (4)

A

gluteal x 2
obturator
internal pudendal

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13
Q

what 3 major branches of internal iliac stay within the female pelvis

A

superior vesicular (top of bladder)
uterine artery
middle rectal

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14
Q

superior vesicle artery supplies and is abranch of

A

top of bladder
umbilical artery

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15
Q

vaginal artery is a branch of

A

uterine artery

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16
Q

sacroiliac joint fracture which artery in danger

A

superior gluteal

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17
Q
A

A superior gluteal
B obturator

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18
Q

what muscle does the sacral plexus overlie

A

piriformis

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19
Q

which muscle overlies obturator foramen

A

obturator internus

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20
Q

which muscle is the sling muscle which has to relax for defaecation

A

puborectalis

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21
Q

what are the 3 muscles of the levator ani

A

pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus
puborectalis

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22
Q

what is perineum

A

area below the pelvic floor

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23
Q

what sits just below the perineal membrane

A

erectile tissues

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24
Q

what is a cyst at the back of the vulva

A

Bartholin cyst

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25
Q
A
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26
Q

in female, bulbospongiosus covers

A

crural bulb

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27
Q

in female ischiocavernosus covers

A

crura

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28
Q

what is the perineal body

A

tough fibrous tissue that a lot of the perineal muscles anchor into

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29
Q

what sort of nerve is the pudendal

A

somatic

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30
Q

ovarian artery is a branch of

A

abdominal aorta

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31
Q

what other vessel is at risk in hysterectomy

A

ureter

32
Q

what vessel does ureter travel under

A

uterine arteru

33
Q

what is fundus of the uterus

A

top

34
Q

how do you access pouch of douglas for sampling

A

posterior fornix of vagina

35
Q

gubbernaculum in females becomes

A

round lig and ovarian liga

36
Q

what are these and how does it happen

A

cystocele
recotocele
bladder or rectum collapse into vagina

37
Q

what is somatic vs visceral nerves

A

somatic mostly responds to outside stimuli
visceral mostly respond to internal stimuli

38
Q

uterus intra or extraperitoneal

A

intra

39
Q

top of uterus, where does the pain travel

A

lower T upper L

40
Q

what sort of med is epidural

A

analgesic, not total nerve block

41
Q
A

open book fracture, SI joint and pubic symphyssis

42
Q

borders of pelvic inlet

A

Sacral promontory and ala (posterior border)

  1. Lines terminals (a combination of the arcuate line on inner surface of ilium and pectineal line on superior pubic ramus) (lateral border)
  2. Pubic symphysis (anterior border)
43
Q

borders of pelvic outlet

A

Tip of the coccyx (posterior border)

  1. Ischial tuberosities (lateral border)
  2. Inferior border of the sacrotuberous ligament (posterolateral border)
  3. Pubic arch (anterior border)
44
Q

iliac crest which spinal level

A

L4

45
Q

anterior branch of internal iliac which branches

A

Obturator
Middle rectal
Superior vesicular
Uterine
Inferior vesicular/vaginal
Inferior gluteal
Pudendal

Often my sexy underwear is inside pants

46
Q

posterior branch internal iliac artery which branches

A

Superior gluteal
Lateral sacral
Ilioilumbar

47
Q

The rectum receives blood supply from three separate arteries. What are they

A
48
Q

What bony landmark can be used to locate the pudendal nerve?

A

ischial spine

49
Q
A

A: coccygeus
B: Iliococcygeus
C: Pubococcygeus
D: Punorectalis
E: tendinous arch of levator ani
F: obturator internus

50
Q

How is the normal position of the uterus usually described?

A

anteverted and anteflexed

51
Q

what does retroverted uterus specifially mean

A

not anteverted therefore in line with vagina. (doesn’ have to be backwards of vagina)

52
Q

what does water under a bridge refer to

A

uterine artery passes over ureter

53
Q

prolapse with uriniary problem is probably

A

cystocele

54
Q
A

1) pampinoform (test.venous) plexus
2 vas deferens
3. test artery
4. head of epidydimus
5. tunica albigunea
6.tunica vaginalis

55
Q

what is tunic albigunea

A

layer encapsulating semi-neferous tubules and interstitium

56
Q

what and where (normally) and why is bag of worms (disgusting)

A

varicocele, left testicle, drains into l renal artery so more likely to block than rhs which drains into IVC

57
Q

varicocele is associated with malignancy of which organ. which cancer?

A

kidney, renal cell carcinoma

58
Q

absent cremaster reflex, what condition, what nerve

A

testicular torsion, GF nerve

59
Q

how many urethral sphincters in men

A

2

60
Q

how many urethral sphincters in women

A

2

61
Q

where is internal urethral sphincter in men

A

membranous portion

62
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate. One complication of TURP is retrograde ejaculation. Presence of this complication is most likely to represent damage to which structure?

A

IUS

63
Q

what is cut in vasectomy

A

vas deferens

64
Q

upper anal canal, what epithelium

A

columnar

65
Q

upper anal canal lymphatic drainage

A

iliac nodes

66
Q

lower anal canal lymphatic drainage

A

superficial iliac nodes

67
Q

perineal membrane lies between

A

superficial and deep perineal pouches

68
Q

Atherosclerosis of which artery is most likely to cause erectile dysfunction?

A

internal iliac -> internal pudendal

69
Q

what is herniated sac containing both CSF and nerves and parts of the spinal cord

A

myelominingocele

70
Q

what is myelominingocele

A

herniated sac containing both CSF and nerves and parts of the spinal cord

71
Q

what is meningocele

A

sac containing CSF and meninges only

72
Q

Mildest and most common form of spina bifida in which one or more vertebrae have malformed. It rarely causes serious sequelae. Can present with a small tuft of hair or dimple or birth mar

A

spina bifida occulta

73
Q

what is Encephalocoele

A

is the herniation of meninges and brain tissue outside the cranium usually, but not always, in the midline

74
Q

What is the name given to dilation of the cerebral ventricles? (pathology)

A

hydrocephalus

75
Q

two main areas difficulties pointing towards autism diagnosis

A

Difficulties in social communication
- Restrictive and repetitive behaviours

76
Q

tx of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy

A

cool the baby to 34 degrees

77
Q
A

Year 2 HD (15 decks)

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