female pelvic anatomy

Question 1

spinal block inserted into

Answer 1

sub-arachnoid space T5/6

Question 2

spinal block used when

Answer 2

c section

Question 3

epidural administered where

Answer 3

below cauda equina, epidural space

Question 4

does pudendal nerve block affect lower limbs

Answer 4

no

Question 5

pudendal nerve affects

Answer 5

perineum, external anal sphincter

Question 6

anaestthetic injected into labia majora deadens which nerve

Answer 6

pudendal

Question 7

asis is vertically aligned with…

Answer 7

pubic symphysis

Question 8

inguinal lig runs between

Answer 8

asis and pubic tubercle

Question 9

what blood vessels run alongside pudendal nerve and what does it wrap around

Answer 9

internal pudendal artery and vein
sacrospinous ligamen

Question 10

what does blood supply to pelvis come from, what does it split into

Answer 10

common iliac artery
internal and external iliac artery

Question 11

external iliac artery becomes

Answer 11

femoral artery

Question 12

what branches of internal iliac artery leave the pelvis (4)

Answer 12

gluteal x 2
obturator
internal pudendal

Question 13

what 3 major branches of internal iliac stay within the female pelvis

Answer 13

superior vesicular (top of bladder)
uterine artery
middle rectal

Question 14

superior vesicle artery supplies and is abranch of

Answer 14

top of bladder
umbilical artery

Question 15

vaginal artery is a branch of

Answer 15

uterine artery

Question 16

sacroiliac joint fracture which artery in danger

Answer 16

superior gluteal

Question 17

Answer 17

A superior gluteal
B obturator

Question 18

what muscle does the sacral plexus overlie

Answer 18

piriformis

Question 19

which muscle overlies obturator foramen

Answer 19

obturator internus

Question 20

which muscle is the sling muscle which has to relax for defaecation

Answer 20

puborectalis

Question 21

what are the 3 muscles of the levator ani

Answer 21

pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus
puborectalis

Question 22

what is perineum

Answer 22

area below the pelvic floor

Question 23

what sits just below the perineal membrane

Answer 23

erectile tissues

Question 24

what is a cyst at the back of the vulva

Answer 24

Bartholin cyst

Question 25

Answer 25

Question 26

in female, bulbospongiosus covers

Answer 26

crural bulb

Question 27

in female ischiocavernosus covers

Answer 27

crura

Question 28

what is the perineal body

Answer 28

tough fibrous tissue that a lot of the perineal muscles anchor into

Question 29

what sort of nerve is the pudendal

Answer 29

somatic

Question 30

ovarian artery is a branch of

Answer 30

abdominal aorta

Question 31

what other vessel is at risk in hysterectomy

Answer 31

ureter

Question 32

what vessel does ureter travel under

Answer 32

uterine arteru

Question 33

what is fundus of the uterus

Answer 33

top

Question 34

how do you access pouch of douglas for sampling

Answer 34

posterior fornix of vagina

Question 35

gubbernaculum in females becomes

Answer 35

round lig and ovarian liga

Question 36

what are these and how does it happen

Answer 36

cystocele recotocele bladder or rectum collapse into vagina

Question 37

what is somatic vs visceral nerves

Answer 37

somatic mostly responds to outside stimuli visceral mostly respond to internal stimuli

Question 38

uterus intra or extraperitoneal

Answer 38

intra

Question 39

top of uterus, where does the pain travel

Answer 39

lower T upper L

Question 40

what sort of med is epidural

Answer 40

analgesic, not total nerve block

Question 41

Answer 41

open book fracture, SI joint and pubic symphyssis

Question 42

borders of pelvic inlet

Answer 42

Sacral promontory and ala (posterior border) 2. Lines terminals (a combination of the arcuate line on inner surface of ilium and pectineal line on superior pubic ramus) (lateral border) 3. Pubic symphysis (anterior border)

Question 43

borders of pelvic outlet

Answer 43

Tip of the coccyx (posterior border) 2. Ischial tuberosities (lateral border) 3. Inferior border of the sacrotuberous ligament (posterolateral border) 4. Pubic arch (anterior border)

Question 44

iliac crest which spinal level

Answer 44

L4

Question 45

anterior branch of internal iliac which branches

Answer 45

Obturator Middle rectal Superior vesicular Uterine Inferior vesicular/vaginal Inferior gluteal Pudendal Often my sexy underwear is inside pants

Question 46

posterior branch internal iliac artery which branches

Answer 46

Superior gluteal Lateral sacral Ilioilumbar

Question 47

The rectum receives blood supply from three separate arteries. What are they

Answer 47

Question 48

What bony landmark can be used to locate the pudendal nerve?

Answer 48

ischial spine

Question 49

Answer 49

A: coccygeus B: Iliococcygeus C: Pubococcygeus D: Punorectalis E: tendinous arch of levator ani F: obturator internus

Question 50

How is the normal position of the uterus usually described?

Answer 50

anteverted and anteflexed

Question 51

what does retroverted uterus specifially mean

Answer 51

not anteverted therefore in line with vagina. (doesn' have to be backwards of vagina)

Question 52

what does water under a bridge refer to

Answer 52

uterine artery passes over ureter

Question 53

prolapse with uriniary problem is probably

Answer 53

cystocele

Question 54

Answer 54

1) pampinoform (test.venous) plexus 2 vas deferens 3. test artery 4. head of epidydimus 5. tunica albigunea 6.tunica vaginalis

Question 55

what is tunic albigunea

Answer 55

layer encapsulating semi-neferous tubules and interstitium

Question 56

what and where (normally) and why is bag of worms (disgusting)

Answer 56

varicocele, left testicle, drains into l renal artery so more likely to block than rhs which drains into IVC

Question 57

varicocele is associated with malignancy of which organ. which cancer?

Answer 57

kidney, renal cell carcinoma

Question 58

absent cremaster reflex, what condition, what nerve

Answer 58

testicular torsion, GF nerve

Question 59

how many urethral sphincters in men

Answer 59

2

Question 60

how many urethral sphincters in women

Answer 60

2

Question 61

where is internal urethral sphincter in men

Answer 61

membranous portion

Question 62

transurethral resection of the prostate. One complication of TURP is retrograde ejaculation. Presence of this complication is most likely to represent damage to which structure?

Answer 62

IUS

Question 63

what is cut in vasectomy

Answer 63

vas deferens

Question 64

upper anal canal, what epithelium

Answer 64

columnar

Question 65

upper anal canal lymphatic drainage

Answer 65

iliac nodes

Question 66

lower anal canal lymphatic drainage

Answer 66

superficial iliac nodes

Question 67

perineal membrane lies between

Answer 67

superficial and deep perineal pouches

Question 68

Atherosclerosis of which artery is most likely to cause erectile dysfunction?

Answer 68

internal iliac -> internal pudendal

Question 69

what is herniated sac containing both CSF and nerves and parts of the spinal cord

Answer 69

myelominingocele

Question 70

what is myelominingocele

Answer 70

herniated sac containing both CSF and nerves and parts of the spinal cord

Question 71

what is meningocele

Answer 71

sac containing CSF and meninges only

Question 72

Mildest and most common form of spina bifida in which one or more vertebrae have malformed. It rarely causes serious sequelae. Can present with a small tuft of hair or dimple or birth mar

Answer 72

spina bifida occulta

Question 73

what is Encephalocoele

Answer 73

is the herniation of meninges and brain tissue outside the cranium usually, but not always, in the midline

Question 74

What is the name given to dilation of the cerebral ventricles? (pathology)

Answer 74

hydrocephalus

Question 75

two main areas difficulties pointing towards autism diagnosis

Answer 75

Difficulties in social communication - Restrictive and repetitive behaviours

Question 76

tx of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy

Answer 76

cool the baby to 34 degrees