Female Reproductive

Question 1

Ovaries

Answer 1

Produce female gametes (ova).

Secrete female sex hormones (estrogens and progestins).

Enclosed within an extensive mesentery known as the broad ligament along with the uterine tube and uterus.

Question 2

Oogenesis

Answer 2

Process begins prior to birth and stops at Primary Oocyte.

After puberty process resumes and 1 egg is ovulated per month until menopause.

Meiosis II begins prior to ovulation but isn’t completed unless fertilization occurs.

Question 3

Male investment

Answer 3

produce 4 fully functioning sperm per primary spermatocyte

can produce > 300 million sperm per ejaculate

Question 4

Female investment

Answer 4

produce only 1 functional egg

have only about 400,000 viable oocytes at puberty and only release 1 per month for ~ 40 yrs (480 ova).

Question 5

Female Reproductive Tract

Answer 5

Uterine Tube (aka Fallopian Tube or Oviduct)
Uterus
Vagina
External genitalia

Question 6

Uterine Tube (aka Fallopian Tube or Oviduct)

Answer 6

Infundibulum is end closest to ovary
Fimbriae are “finger-like” projections that help “catch” the ovum (egg).
Fertilization if it happens occurs in the uterine tube

Question 7

Uterus

Answer 7

Provides protection and nutritional support from developing embryo (weeks 1-8) and fetus (weeks 9-delivery).
Cervix is inferior portion and the barrier between the uterus and vagina.
Three layers (myometrium, perimetrium, endometrium)
The inner layer (endometrium) is what is lost during menstruation.

Question 8

Vagina

Answer 8

Passageway for elimination of menstrual fluids.
Receives penis during intercourse and holds sperm prior to movement into uterus.
Forms the lower portion of the birth canal.

Question 9

External genitalia

Answer 9

Vaginal opening or vestibule
Labia minora
Labia majora
Clitoris

Question 10

Sexual Response Cycle (Females)

Answer 10

Excitement
-Vaginal lubrication (vaginal sweating)
Plateau
-Tenting (V)
Orgasmic
-Multi-orgasmic potential
Resolution
-No refractory period

Question 11

Menstrual Cycle

Answer 11

Flow Phase (days 1-4)
Follicular Phase (days 4-14)
Luteal Phase (days 14-24)