Female Reproductive Anatomy

Question 1

What attaches the female tract to the pelvis?

Answer 1

broad ligament

Question 2

What is the female tract surrounded by

Answer 2

The peritoneum (supporting tissue)

Question 3

What external genitalia does the mare have?

Answer 3

• vulva
• labia
  -vulval constrictor muscles
  -clitoral fossa
• perineum

Question 4

What are the two areas of the vagina?

Answer 4

cranial (columnar epithelial cells)
caudal ( stratified squamous epithelium)

Question 5

How is the vagina effected by the female cycle?

Answer 5

• mucus secretion
  -thickness of tissue

Question 6

How is the cervix structured?

Answer 6

• sphincter muscle
• collogen
• structure varies between species (smooth = bitch/queen cervical rings = cow/ewe/sow cervical folds = mare)
• mucus producing

Question 7

How is the cervix effected by the female cycle?

Answer 7

• tone is controlled

Question 8

What type of uterus’s are there?

Answer 8

• duplex (rabbit)
• bicornuate (sow/bitch/queen)
  -bipartite (cow/ewe/mare)
  -simplex (primates)

Question 9

What are the three tissue layers of the uterus?

Answer 9

-serosa
-myometrium
-endometrium (contains endometrial glands)

Question 10

How does the endometrium of the uterus tissue differ in species?

Answer 10

• endometrial folds (sow&mare)
  -caruncles (ruminants)

Question 11

What are the three regions of the fallopian tube and how are they structured?

Answer 11

• isthmus (thick muscular layer/ secretory cells)
  -ampulla (mucosal folds/secretory and ciliated cells)
  -Infundibulum (funnel shape/ mucosal folds/ secretory and ciliated cells)

Question 12

What are the two regions of the ovary?

Answer 12

cortex - follicles with developing oocytes/ corpus luteum to the corpus albicans
medulla - supporting tissue

Question 13

How does the mares ovaries differ?

Answer 13

• ovulation fossa

Question 14

What are the functions of the ovary?

Answer 14

-gametogenic
- endocrine (steroid hormones)