Flashcards in Femur Deck (11):
1
What type of bone is the femur?
Long bone (in fact, it's the longest bone in the body)
2
What is the main function of the femur?
Transmits force from tibia to hip joint
3
Name three muscles that attach to the greater trochanter
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, gluteus piriformus
4
Name two muscles that attach to the lesser trochanter
Psoas major and iliacus
5
Which ligament attaches to the intertrochanteric line?
Iliofemoral ligament (strong ligament of hip)
6
What's the difference between the intertrochanteric line and intertrochanteric crest?
Intertrochanteric line is anterior, whereas the intertrochanteric crest is posterior (both span between greater and lesser trochanter)
7
Where is the quadrate tubercle found and what attaches to it?
. Found on superior half of intertrochanteric crest
. Vastus medialis (one of the quadratus femoris muscles) originates from here and from the medial lip of the linea aspera
8
What is an intracapsular/subcapsular hip fracture? Who are they most commonly experienced by and how? What damage can it cause?
. Fracture within capsule of hip joint, distal fragment shunts upwards and laterally (leg shortened and laterally rotated)
. Most common in elderly people falling
. Can damage medial femoral circumflex artery, which can lead to avascular necrosis of the femoral head
9
What is an extracapsular fracture? Who are they most commonly experienced by and how?
. Fracture outside capsule of hip joint
. More common in young and middle aged people
. Blood supply to femur is intact so no avascular necrosis occurs
. Leg is shortened and laterally rotated
10
Which muscle attaches to the gluteal tuberosity?
Gluteus maximus
11